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S Afr Med J ; 92(12): 978-82, 2002 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12561414

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate copper sulphate densitometry to screen for childhood anaemia in a primary care setting, with a view to identifying children requiring definitive diagnostic testing and treatment. DESIGN: A cross-sectional screening study. Results of densitometry with a copper sulphate solution of specific gravity (SG) 1.048, corresponding to a haemoglobin (Hb) concentration of 10 g/dl, were compared with laboratory Hb determination. SETTING: Outpatient department of Pretoria Academic Hospital (73 children) and a local crèche (27 children). SUBJECTS: One hundred consecutive children, aged between 6 months and 6 years, with informed written consent by parents. OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Accuracy of copper sulphate densitometry in screening for Hb concentration below 10 g/dl in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, as well as likelihood ratio. RESULTS: The prevalence of anaemia (Hb < 10 g/dl) was 17% (95% confidence interval (CI) 10.2; 25.8). Copper sulphate densitometry had a sensitivity of 88.2% (95% CI 62.3; 97.9), a specificity of 89.2% (95% CI 79.9; 94.6), a positive predictive value of 62.5% (95% CI 40.8; 80.5) and a negative predictive value of 97.4% (95% CI 90.0; 99.5) in screening for anaemia. The likelihood ratio of a positive screening test was 8.17. CONCLUSIONS: Copper sulphate densitometry was accurate in screening for childhood anaemia.


Subject(s)
Anemia/diagnosis , Copper Sulfate , Densitometry/methods , Mass Screening/methods , Anemia/blood , Anemia/epidemiology , Blood Proteins/metabolism , Child, Preschool , Copper Sulfate/economics , Cross-Sectional Studies , Densitometry/economics , Densitometry/standards , False Negative Reactions , False Positive Reactions , Female , Hemoglobins/analysis , Humans , Infant , Male , Mass Screening/economics , Mass Screening/standards , Nutritional Status , Prevalence , Primary Health Care , Sensitivity and Specificity , Serum Albumin/metabolism , South Africa/epidemiology , Specific Gravity
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