[Role of polymorphous genes of xenobiotic biotransformation system in pathogenesis of occupational allergic dermatoses].

Studying genetic polymorphism of xenogiotics biotransformation system genes in patients with occupational allergic dermatoses, the authors revealed reliably higher percentage of polymorphous variants of CYP 1A1 *2C and EPHX1 A-415G genes, if compared with reference population. Combination of 3 polymorphous variants of xenobiotics biotransformation system genes (CYP 1A1, CYP3A4, EPHX1, GSTM1 and GSTT1) is characterized by earlier development, severe course and unfavorable prognosis of occupational skin condition.

Skin diseases and enzymatic antioxidant activity among workers exposed to pesticides.

In this study, 150 workers exposed to pesticides and 50 healthy control subjects were given clinical and dermatological examinations, patch tests, tests of liver and renal function, complete blood count, blood sugar and urinalysis. Activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase was also evaluated. Dermatological findings were positive in 78%, 76% and 54% of workers exposed to organophosphates, pyrethroids and carbamate pesticides respectively. The patch test was positive in 70% of workers exposed to pyrethroids and 64% exposed to carbamate pesticides. Liver enzyme levels were generally increased in workers while antioxidant enzyme activity was significantly decreased in all workers compared with the controls.

[Morphofunctional changes in the skin in foot mycosis]. / Morfofunktsional'nye izmeneniia kozhi pri mikoze stop.

Sixteen specimens of cadaveric intertoe folds of patients who had suffered from intertrichinous mycoses of the soles (miners who died in accidents or because of traumas) were examined by histologic and histochemical methods. For control intertoe fold specimens from 10 suddenly dead workers without mycoses were examined. Examinations of skin specimens from mycosis foci have revealed fungus mycelium in the epidermis and superficial layers of the derma, focal perivascular infiltrates consisting mainly of T-lymphocytes (a positive reaction to alpha-naphthylacetate esterase), macrophages, sensitized lymphocytes (high acid phosphatase activity); this necessitates administration, along with mycocidal agents, of angioprotectors, proteolysis inhibitors, immunostimulants. Histoenzymologic studies have revealed impairments of the principal components of metabolism and activation of glycolysis processes. Less manifest changes were revealed in apparently intact skin, this being an evidence of a systemic involvement of the skin in a prolonged mycotic process.

Adenosine deaminase levels in construction workers with asbestos contact dermatitis.

Adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity was measured in the lymphocytes, red blood cells and plasma of twelve construction workers with cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions to asbestos. Lymphocyte ADA activity was significantly greater in exposed individuals than a control population (p less than 0.0001), whereas erythrocyte and plasma enzyme activity did not differ from control determinations. ADA catalyzes the conversion of adenosine to inosine. Since increased adenosine concentrations in tissue culture inhibit the growth of lymphoblastic cell lines, it has been postulated that decreased ADA activity can result in suppression of the immune response by the inhibition of cell division. Our results indicate that the converse also applies, such that an increase in lymphocyte ADA activity may reflect an increased immune response.