ABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Prostatic Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Nuclear Medicine/trends , Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Diagnostic Techniques, Radioisotope/trends , Radioisotopes/therapeutic useABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Elasticity Imaging Techniques/instrumentation , Elasticity Imaging Techniques/methods , Elasticity Imaging Techniques/trends , Pancreatitis, Chronic/diagnosis , Pancreatitis, Chronic/epidemiology , Pancreatitis, Chronic/prevention & control , Diagnostic Techniques, Radioisotope/instrumentation , Diagnostic Techniques, Radioisotope/standards , Diagnostic Techniques, Radioisotope/trends , Pancreatitis, Chronic/physiopathology , Pancreatitis, Chronic , Diagnostic Techniques, Digestive System/trends , Diagnostic Techniques, Digestive SystemABSTRACT
The extensive availability of breast cancer screening programs and improvement in diagnostic imaging have led to more frequent detection of suspicious and clinically occult breast lesions. Early detection of tumor is important for breast-conserving treatment. Incomplete excision is a major risk factor for local recurrence. Following precise localization and removing the entire lesion while achieving adequate clear margins is the key factor for successful management of non-palpable breast lesions. For this purpose, several techniques such as wire-guided localization, intra-operative ultrasound guided resection, radio-guided occult lesion localization and radioactive seed localization have been described and applied. In this article, we overview the two commonly used localization techniques, radio-guided occult lesion localization and wire-guided localization, particularly describing their advantages and drawbacks.
Subject(s)
Diagnostic Techniques, Radioisotope/trends , Mammography/methods , Mammography/trends , Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/diagnostic imaging , Female , HumansABSTRACT
Rational drug discovery relies on pathognomonic molecular reporters of disease or biomarkers. Therefore biomarkers contain relational or contextual information about disease pathophysiology. Two broad pathways can be taken to identify biomarkers: a 'top-down', holistic approach that makes no assumptions about biomarker type, or the 'bottom-up' approach, which is hypothesis driven and relies on a priori information. Both approaches involve parallel or sequential methods that include genomic and proteomic profiling. Biomarker discovery and translational medicine owe much to isotopic techniques because these provide near-real-time information about disease status as diagnostics, in drug delivery and for monitoring treatment. Here, we provide an overview of recent developments and some insight into the future role of isotopes in biomarker discovery and disease therapy.
Subject(s)
Communicable Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Diagnostic Techniques, Radioisotope/trends , Drug Discovery/methods , Inflammation/diagnostic imaging , Radioisotopes/metabolism , Translational Research, Biomedical/methods , Biomarkers , Communicable Diseases/metabolism , Genomics , Humans , Inflammation/metabolism , Models, Biological , Molecular Imaging/methods , Proteomics , Radionuclide ImagingABSTRACT
The current role of nuclear medicine in clinical diagnosis was surveyed in a retrospective review of medical records by two internists. About one radiologic imaging study in 20 was a radionuclide procedure, and a somewhat larger fraction was performed in outpatients. The internists found that diagnostic screening procedures in nuclear medicine influenced patient management in 63% of hospital inpatients, and quantitative/monitoring types of tests influenced management in 56%. Of the projected health care costs in the United States of $490 billion, all imaging procedures will account for only $12 billion, and nuclear medicine procedures will account for about $1 billion. Nuclear medicine research continues to blossom. The National Institutes of Health budget for diagnostic imaging research in fiscal year 1988 totaled $86.6 million; nuclear medicine projects represented 43% of this total, all other projects in radiology represented 30%, and projects outside radiology represented 30%. Research with positron emitters and positron emission tomography totaled $20.5 million, and research with radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies totaled $6.2 million. Two major problems may hinder the future practice of nuclear medicine in the United States compared with that in other developed countries: (a) the serious time lag in the approval process for new radiopharmaceuticals by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and other agencies and (b) the lack of a facility dedicated to the continuous production of radionuclides for biomedical research. Now, there is sporadic production permitted only during high-energy physics experiments. The recent developments which will probably induce the greatest changes in clinical nuclear medicine in the near future are the improvements in design and utilization of single photon emission computed tomographic devices and prolific generation of new radiopharmaceuticals, especially technetium-99m agents for cerebral and myocardial imaging and tumor agents.
