ABSTRACT
Five new dibenzoxazepinone derivatives, mycemycins A-E (1-5), were isolated from the ethanol extracts of mycelia of two different streptomycetes. 1 and 2 were isolated from an acidic red soil-derived strain, Streptomyces sp. FXJ1.235, and 3-5 from a gntR gene-disrupted deep-sea strain named Streptomyces olivaceus FXJ8.012Δ1741. The structures of mycemycins were elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic analyses, including 1D- and 2D-NMR techniques.
Subject(s)
Streptomyces/chemistry , Dibenzoxazepines/chemistry , Dibenzoxazepines/isolation & purification , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Species Specificity , Spectrum Analysis/methods , Streptomyces/classificationABSTRACT
Amoxapine, a recently introduced dibenzoxazepine, has been found effective in clinical studies for the treatment of various types of depression. Two amoxapine related deaths, a 53-year-old white male and a 21-year-old white female, have been investigated by this office. Both had been prescribed amoxapine for depression. Quantitation of amoxapine was by gas chromatography using a 3% OV-17 column with confirmation by ultraviolet spectrophotometry and thin layer chromatography. Blood amoxapine concentrations were found to be 18 mg/L in the first subject, and 6.7 mg/L in the second subject. These concentrations are many-fold higher than the therapeutic serum concentrations of up to 0.21 mg/L reported in a clinical study. These cases illustrate the potential lethality of amoxapine overdosage and the need for caution in prescribing amoxapine to patients with suicidal tendencies.
