El interés legítimo de los hijos a conocer el origen biológico en la donación anónima de gametos / The legitimate interest of children to know the biological origin in the anonymous donation of gametes

La diversidad de los modelos de familia, junto al acceso a las técnicas de reproducción humana asistida con contribución de donantes (TRHA-D), está integrada ampliamente en el marco social. El debate actual en la búsqueda del equilibrio entre la libertad y derecho reproductivo, por un lado, y el derecho a conocer los orígenes biológicos como elemento para el bienestar de las personas, por otro, obliga a plantearnos el alcance y pertinencia del anonimato de los donantes de gametos. Debate abierto, asociado al cambio normativo producido en diversos países del entorno, en los que se ha suprimido tal anonimato. La escasez de estudios sobre el tema a nivel nacional, en discordancia con los más numerosos realizados en EEUU y otros países de la UE, reclama que se preste más atención a la cuestión y a la normativa sobre TRHA que, en nuestro país, desde la pionera Ley de 1988 hasta la actual, se han configurado desde la preservación máxima del anonimato de los donantes. Regulación que, junto con la calidad, investigación e innovación nos ha situado entre los países líderes en tratamientos de fertilidad. En este trabajo se analizan algunos aspectos relacionados con el eventual fin del anonimato de las donaciones de gametos. Entre ellos, su motivación y reparos, además de las diferencias existentes entre los distintos tipos de familia y la posible repercusión en el ámbito clínico y de accesibilidad a dicha técnica. Igualmente se analizarán los límites que pueden plantearse para el fin del anonimato en función de la opción reguladora: total, parcial, electiva, con o sin retroactividad, siguiendo modelos de otros países. Finalmente, se abordarán ciertas inquietudes observadas en el ámbito de las TRHA-D, así como su consideración desde la ética y del principio del interés superior del menor o de los hijos nacidos con tales TRHA-D

The diversity of family models, together with access to donor-contributed assisted human reproduction (TRHA-D) techniques, is widely integrated into the social framework. The current debate in the search for a balance between freedom and reproductive law, on the one hand, and the right to know biological origins as an element for the well-being of people, on the other hand, requires us to consider the scope and relevance of the anonymity of gamete donors. The debate has been opened up with regard to the legal change in different countries around us, in which such anonymity has been suppressed. The scarcity of studies on the subject at the national level, at its discord with the most numerous carried out in the US and other countries of the European Union, calls for more attention to be paid to the issue and to the TRHA regulations than, in our country, since the pioneering 1988 Act to the present, have been configured since the maximum preservation of donor anonymity. This work discusses some aspects related to the eventual end of anonymity of gamete donations. Among them, their motivation and qualms, in addition to the differences between the different types of family and the possible impact on the clinical and accessibility to this technique. The end of anonymity will be analyzed according to the regulatory legislation: total, partial, elective, with or without retroactivity, following models of other countries. Finally, certain concerns seen in the field of TRHA-D will be addressed, as well as their consideration from the ethics and principle of the best interests of the child or children born with such TRHA-D

The current status of oocyte banks: domestic and international perspectives.

Two major breakthroughs in the field of assisted reproduction-oocyte donation and oocyte vitrification-have joined forces to create the rapidly emerging phenomenon of commercial egg banks (CEBs). In this review, we examine the history of this concept, the operational models, the geographical variations, and the benefits and pitfalls of CEBs, including the ethical and legal dilemmas arising from gamete mobility. We highlight future directions in the brave new world of third-party reproduction.

Recommendations regarding the genetic and immunological study of reproductive dysfunction. / Recomendaciones para el estudio genético e inmunológico en la disfunción reproductiva.

In this article several members of diverse scientific associations and reproduction experts from Spain have updated different genetic and immunological procedure recommendations in couples affected by reproductive dysfunction with the goal of providing a set of useful guidelines for the clinic. The laboratory test has been considered as highly recommendable for making clinical decisions when the result of the diagnostic test is relevant, moderately recommendable when the results are of limited evidence because they are inconsistent, and low when the benefit of the test is uncertain. It is expected that these recommendations will provide some useful guidelines for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of couples presenting reproductive dysfunction.