Subject(s)
Drug Evaluation , Lung Diseases/chemically induced , Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects , Drug Hypersensitivity/chemically induced , Drug Hypersensitivity/immunology , Humans , Pneumonia/chemically induced , Pneumonia/immunology , Pulmonary Edema/chemically induced , Pulmonary Fibrosis/chemically induced , Respiratory Hypersensitivity/chemically induced , Respiratory Hypersensitivity/immunologyABSTRACT
Eight workers with clinically diagnosed or suspected occupational allergy caused by penicillins were studied by the lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) and by skin test. The majority of the workers handled bacampicillin, some of them had been in contact with benzylpenicillin and one worked with azidocillin only. Six workers had eczema and 2 workers suffered from rhinitis only. Lymphocytes from workers with bacampicillin-induced symptoms responded to this drug in vitro by an increased 3H-thymidine incorporation and by lymphoblastogenesis. Bacampicillin-specific allergy had been confirmed by positive patch test in 5 workers. Lymphocytes from bacampicillin-allergic workers did not respond to other penicillins such as benzylpenicillin or azidocillin in vitro. However, such penicillins were antigenic in vitro since lymphocytes from an azidocillin patch test positive worker proliferated on exposure to azidocillin in vitro. The findings at the cellular level were further supported by the specificity of the skin test. Thus, bacampicillin patch test positive workers had a negative skin reaction to benzylpenicillin. In conclusion, these data suggest the role of penicillin side chains in the sensitization process underlying occupational allergy to penicillins. LTT can be used as a tool for studying antigenic specificities involved in a sensitization process leading to penicillin allergy.
Subject(s)
Ampicillin/analogs & derivatives , Drug Hypersensitivity/chemically induced , Drug Industry , Lymphocytes/immunology , Occupational Diseases/chemically induced , Ampicillin/adverse effects , Drug Hypersensitivity/immunology , Eczema/chemically induced , Eczema/immunology , Humans , Lymphocytes/drug effects , Occupational Diseases/immunology , Patch Tests , Penicillin G/adverse effects , Penicillin G/analogs & derivatives , Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/chemically induced , Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/immunology , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
The injection of morphine sulfate into baby mice twice daily for 5 days increased their running reaponse to morphine when they were tested as adults. If treatment was completed before the mice were )5 days old there was no effect. Sensitization to morphine running was longer-lasting than either analgesic tolerance or tolerance to morphine running may be a form of denervation hypersensitivity that has several features in common with noise-induced sensitization to audiogenic seizures.
Subject(s)
Animals, Newborn , Drug Hypersensitivity/chemically induced , Drug Synergism , Morphine/pharmacology , Substance-Related Disorders/complications , Age Factors , Animals , Cocaine/pharmacology , Cycloheximide/pharmacology , Dextroamphetamine/pharmacology , Dextrorphan/pharmacology , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Female , Humans , Injections, Intraperitoneal , Injections, Subcutaneous , Levorphanol/pharmacology , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred A , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Morphine/administration & dosage , Motor Activity/drug effects , Naloxone/pharmacology , Species Specificity , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Pretreatment of rats for 6 days with the ganglion blocking agent, chlorisondamine, produces a 2-3 fold increase in the sensitivity of the heart to the negative chronotropic action of carbachol and methacholine.
