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1.
Acta otorrinolaringol. cir. cuello (En línea) ; 50(3): 202-206, 20220000. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1400899

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La tuberculosis laríngea es una entidad sumamente rara en países del primer mundo, sin embargo, en nuestro medio no es extraño, como país latinoamericano, sospechar esta patología como una de las causas de disfonía y lesiones granulomatosas en la actualidad. La tuberculosis laríngea debe considerarse dentro de las patologías en pacientes con disfonía de larga evolución que no responden al tratamiento común, esta entidad puede ser confundida con neoplasias. Reporte de caso: Se presenta el caso de una mujer en la cuarta década de la vida con disfonía crónica de 6 meses de evolución, que fue remitida para laringoscopia. Se localizaron neoformaciones granulomatosas acompañadas de edema en ambas cuerdas vocales, sometidas a biopsia, con resultados con la tinción de hematoxilina-eosina de células gigantes multinucleadas de Langhans y la tinción Zielh-Nielsen fue positiva para bacilo alcohol ácido resistente. La radiografía de tórax mostró lesiones reticulonodulares sugestivas de tuberculosis pulmonar. Conclusión: Un alto nivel de sospecha y un diagnóstico temprano pueden limitar las complicaciones y facilitar un manejo oportuno de estos casos. Es necesario sospechar de tuberculosis laríngea en pacientes que presentan disfonía crónica, especialmente cuando se asocia con síntomas constitucionales, aunque no siempre los presentan, por otro lado, en algunos casos, no existe asociación con inmunodeficiencia.


Introduction: Laryngeal tuberculosis is an extremely rare entity in first world countries, however, it is not strange in our environment as a Latin American country to suspect this pathology as one of the causes of dysphonia and granulomatous lesions today. Laryngeal tuberculosis should be considered within the pathologies in patients with long-standing dysphonia that do not respond to common treatment, this entity can be confused with neoplasms. Case report: We present the case of a female in the fourth decade of life with chronic dysphonia of six months of evolution, who was referred for laryngoscopy, granulomatous neoformations accompanied by edema in both vocal cords were located, subjected to biopsy with results with hematoxylin staining. Langhans multinucleated giant cell eosin and Zielh-Nielsen staining were positive for acid-fast bacillus. Chest X-ray showed reticule-nodular lesions suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis. Conclusion: A high level of suspicion and an early diagnosis can limit complications and facilitate timely management of these cases. It is necessary to suspect laryngeal tuberculosis in patients with chronic dysphonia, especially when associated with constitutional symptoms, although they do not always present them; on the other hand, in some cases, there is no association with immunodeficiency


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/complications , Tuberculosis, Laryngeal/complications , Dysphonia/microbiology , Arytenoid Cartilage/pathology , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnosis , Tuberculosis, Laryngeal/diagnosis
2.
BMJ Case Rep ; 13(12)2020 Dec 22.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33370978

ABSTRACT

A 57-year-old male chronic smoker with underlying diabetes mellitus presented with dysphonia associated with cough, dysphagia and reduced effort tolerance of 3 months' duration. Videoendoscope finding revealed bilateral polypoidal and erythematous true and false vocal fold with small glottic airway. The patient was initially treated as having tuberculous laryngitis and started on antituberculous drug. However, no improvement was observed. CT of the neck showed erosion of thyroid cartilage, which points to laryngeal carcinoma as a differential diagnosis. However, the erosion was more diffuse and appeared systemic in origin. The diagnosis of laryngeal perichondritis was made when the histopathological examination revealed features of inflammation, and the tracheal aspirate isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa The patient made a good recovery following treatment with oral ciprofloxacin.


Subject(s)
Laryngeal Diseases/diagnosis , Pseudomonas Infections/diagnosis , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolation & purification , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Ciprofloxacin/therapeutic use , Cough/microbiology , Deglutition Disorders/microbiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Dysphonia/microbiology , Humans , Laryngeal Diseases/complications , Laryngeal Diseases/drug therapy , Laryngeal Diseases/microbiology , Laryngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Laryngoscopy , Male , Middle Aged , Pseudomonas Infections/complications , Pseudomonas Infections/drug therapy , Pseudomonas Infections/microbiology , Thyroid Cartilage/diagnostic imaging , Thyroid Cartilage/microbiology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treatment Outcome , Tuberculosis, Laryngeal/diagnosis , Vocal Cords/diagnostic imaging , Vocal Cords/microbiology
5.
Rev. iberoam. micol ; 34(3): 180-184, jul.-sept. 2017. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-165198

ABSTRACT

Background. Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic mycosis of acute and chronic evolution, caused by species belonging to the genus Paracoccidioides. It is considered the most prevalent systemic endemic mycosis in Latin America, with cases in the tropical and subtropical regions. Residual PCM refers to the fibrotic scar sequelae resulting from the disease treatment which, when associated with collagen accumulation, leads to functional and anatomic alterations in the organs. Aims. The aim of this study was to evaluate the vocal function of patients with residual PCM in upper airways and digestive tract. Methods. We performed a cross-sectional study in 2010 in a cohort of 21 patients with residual PCM in upper airways and digestive tract. Results. The average age was 49.48±9.1 years, and only two (9.5%) patients were female. The study was performed in the 1-113 month-period (median 27) after the end of drug treatment. Five (23.8%) patients had alterations in the larynx as a sequela of the disease. However, all patients had vocal changes in vocal auditory perceptual analysis by GRBASI scale. The computerized acoustic analysis using the software Vox Metria, showed that 11 patients (52.4%) presented alterations in jitter, 15 (71.4%) in shimmer, 8 (38.1%) in F0, 4 (19%) in glottal to noise excitation (GNE), 7 (33.3%) in the presence of noise and 12 (57.1%) in the presence of vibratory irregularity. Conclusions. The great frequency of alterations in residual PCM suggests that the patients in such phase could benefit from a multidisciplinary treatment, offering them integral monitoring of the disease, including speech rehabilitation after the PCM is healed (AU)


Antecedentes. La paracoccidioidomicosis (PCM) es una micosis sistémica de evolución aguda y crónica causada por especies que pertenecen al género Paracoccidioides. Se considera que es la micosis sistémica endémica de mayor prevalencia en América Latina, con casos en las regiones tropicales y subtropicales. La PCM residual se refiere a las secuelas de las cicatrices fibróticas que provoca el tratamiento de la enfermedad; cuando se asocia con la acumulación de colágeno, conduce a alteraciones funcionales y anatómicas en los órganos. Objetivos. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la función vocal de los pacientes con PCM residual en las vías respiratorias superiores y el tubo digestivo. Métodos. En 2010 se realizó un estudio transversal con una cohorte de 21 pacientes con PCM residual en las vías respiratorias superiores y el tubo digestivo. Resultados. La media de edad fue 49,48±9,1 años y solo dos pacientes (9,5%) eran mujeres. El estudio se realizó durante un período entre 1 y 113 meses (mediana: 27) después de finalizado el tratamiento farmacológico. Cinco pacientes (23,8%) presentaban alteraciones en la laringe como secuela de la enfermedad. Sin embargo, se encontró que todos los pacientes tenían alteraciones vocales en el análisis de percepción auditiva vocal por la escala GRBASI. El análisis acústico computarizado con el software Vox Metria mostró que 11 pacientes (52,4%) presentaron alteraciones en la variación ciclo a ciclo de la frecuencia fundamental (parámetro denominado jitter), 15 (71,4%) en la variación ciclo a ciclo de la amplitud de la señal vocal (shimmer), 8 (38,1%) en la frecuencia fundamental (F0), 4 (19%) en la relación señal-ruido (glottal to noise excitation - GNE), 7 (33,3%) en la existencia de ruido y 12 (57,1%) en la existencia de irregularidad vibratoria. Conclusiones. La gran frecuencia de alteraciones en la PCM residual indica que los pacientes en dicha fase podrían beneficiarse de un tratamiento multidisciplinario con vigilancia integral de la enfermedad que incluyera la rehabilitación del habla tras la curación de la PCM (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Voice Disorders/complications , Voice Disorders/microbiology , Paracoccidioidomycosis/complications , Paracoccidioidomycosis/diagnosis , Dysphonia/diagnosis , Dysphonia/drug therapy , Dysphonia/microbiology , Paracoccidioidomycosis/drug therapy , Respiratory Tract Diseases/complications , Gastrointestinal Tract , Gastrointestinal Tract/pathology , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Cohort Studies , Larynx , Larynx/pathology
6.
Pan Afr Med J ; 21: 146, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26327983

ABSTRACT

Leprosy is a granulomatous disease that mainly affects the skin and peripheral nerves. It is caused by infection with mycobacterium leprae or mycobacterium lepromatosus. In most instances, diagnosis of leprosy can easily be made based on the clinical signs and symptoms. However, when patients present with atypical features, clinical diagnosis can be a challenge. We report a case of a nursing mother with lepromatous leprosy who presented with dysphonia and skin lesions initially thought to be a deep cutaneous mycosis.


Subject(s)
Dysphonia/etiology , Laryngeal Diseases/diagnosis , Leprosy, Lepromatous/diagnosis , Adult , Breast Feeding , Dysphonia/microbiology , Female , Humans , Laryngeal Diseases/microbiology , Leprosy, Lepromatous/complications
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