ABSTRACT
Después de referir la historia del sídrome de Pisa descrito primeramente por Ekbom et al. en el año 1972 como efecto colateral de los neurolépticos y ampliada en 1991 por Patel et al. que, también, lo encontraron en un paciente con demencia de Alzheimer sin tratamiento neuroléptico y que consiste en una alteración distónica con inclinación lateral del tronco, se presentan a modo de ilustración dos nuevos casos clínicos que posiblemente introducen nuevas preguntas acerca de la etiopatogénesis de este síndrome. A continuación se resumen los escasos datos acerca de posibles medidas terapéuticas y, finalmente, se discute el problema de la aparente psicogénesis de esta alteración extrapiramidal
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects , Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/diagnosis , Dystonia Musculorum Deformans/chemically induced , Anxiety Disorders , Basal Ganglia Diseases/etiologyABSTRACT
The side effects that may occur during treatment of schizophrenia with neuroleptic drugs are fully examined. Included are autonomic, extrapyramidal, other CNS, endocrine and metabolic, allergic, and skin and eye side effects. The differences between the side effect profiles of various antipsychotic drugs are noted. The restrictions imposed by laws designed to protect the patients's rights are evaluated with regard to the side effects of neuroleptic drugs. The meaning of informed consent is delineated.
Subject(s)
Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects , Patient Advocacy/legislation & jurisprudence , Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use , Autonomic Nervous System/drug effects , Basal Ganglia Diseases/chemically induced , Drug Hypersensitivity/etiology , Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/etiology , Dystonia Musculorum Deformans/chemically induced , Humans , Malpractice/legislation & jurisprudence , Parkinson Disease, Secondary/chemically induced , Schizophrenia/drug therapy , Tremor/chemically induced , United StatesSubject(s)
Dystonia Musculorum Deformans/chemically induced , Movement Disorders/chemically induced , Parkinson Disease, Secondary/chemically induced , Psychoses, Substance-Induced/etiology , Tranquilizing Agents/adverse effects , Acute Disease , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Humans , Tranquilizing Agents/administration & dosageABSTRACT
In this chapter, we have attempted to demonstrate that chronic manganese intoxication, in both animals and man, is a better model of dystonia than of Parkinson's disease. It is proposed that many of the monoamine and endocrine changes in dystonia may be the result of disturbances in manganese metabolism. A search for such modifications in human dystonia victims is presently underway. Preliminary studies indicate that head and pubic hair manganese concentrations are elevated in dystonia patients.