[The influence of electrosleep therapy on the dynamics of the parameters of biorhythmic hormonal activity in the children presenting with extrasystolic arrhythmia in the course of the spa and resort-based treatment].

UNLABELLED: Heart rhythm disorders occupy a leading place in the modern structure of cardiovascular diseases in the children. At present, the role of stress-induced reactions in the development of more than a thousand diseases has been proved. Rehabilitation of systemic manifestations of extrasystolic arrhythmia (EA) in the children is only scarcely described in the literature. AIM: The objective of the present work was to improve the effectiveness of the spa and resort-based treatment of the children presenting with extrasystolic arrhythmia taking advantage of the available information about the different biorhythmic activities of the stress-realizing and stress-limiting systems. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 60 children presenting with EA, who received a standard combination of spa and resort-based therapeutic modalities in conjunction with electro-sleep therapy. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The study revealed desynchronization of the endocrine functions in the children with EA that manifests itself as the increased secretion of cortisol and adrenaline, suppressed melatonin and ACTH production, mismatched daytime and nocturnal hormonal levels. The daily bio-rhythmic profile influenced the formation of circadian-type extra systola in the children. The most unfavorable clinical and electrocardiographic patterns were observed in the children with the mixed and night-type arrhythmia. The complex of rehabilitation measures practiced at the Evpatoriya health resort including electro-sleep therapy made it possible to balance the activities of the stress-limiting and stress-implementing systems of the body in the form of normalization of the altered levels of adaptive hormones, ordering of biorhythmical hormonal relationships, and reduction of the number of extrasystoles. The most pronounced effect of the treatment was observed in the group of children with a rare and day-type of arrhythmia to whom electrosleep was prescribed. It is concluded that the significant decrease in the frequency of night-type and mixed-type extrasystoles under effect of electro-sleeptherapy allows to recommend the treatment modality being considered for the correction of this type of heart rhythm disorders.

Effect of tricainemethanesulfonate (MS222), clove oil and electro-anaesthesia on respiratory burst activity in whole blood and serum alternative complement response in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), during the narcosis stage.

There is a little available information on the suppressive effect of anaesthesia on immune response in fish, especially electro-anaesthesia. In the present study, two anaesthetics, MS222 (50 ppm), clove oil (25 ppm), and electro-anaesthesia were tested in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during the narcosis stage in order to observe their effects on the innate immune system. The results showed that electro-anaesthesia reduces light emission in chemiluminescence assay both 1 and 24 h post anaesthesia. Clove oil and MS222 decreased light emission 24 h post anaesthesia. In addition, clove oil, MS222 and electro-anaesthesia had no effect on alternative complement (ACH50) response. From the perspective of aquaculture practice, these data show that the type of anaesthesia should be taken into account to avoid possible immunosuppression in rainbow trout.

[The combined rehabilitative treatment of the children with obesity and metabolic syndrome].

The present study included a total of 66 children at the age from 11 to 16 years with obesity and metabolic syndrome. The latter condition in the childhood and adolescence is characterized by the pronounced disturbances of basal metabolism, vasoactive systems, psychoemotional status, and regulatory hormonal functions that determine the choice of rehabilitative modalities. The combined treatment of such disturbances is considered to be an efficacious method for the rehabilitation of these patients. It is recommended that cortexin be prescribed to the children presenting with obesity and metabolic syndrome because this medication promotes correction of the hormonal and metabolic status and improves the brain cognitive function.

Effect of electrical stunning current and frequency on meat quality, plasma parameters, and glycolytic potential in broilers.

This study was designed to determine the effect of electrical stunning variables (low currents and high frequencies) on meat quality, glycolytic potential, and blood parameters in broilers. A total of 54 broilers were stunned with 9 electrical stunning methods for 18 s using sinusoidal alternating currents combining 3 current levels (35 V, 47 mA; 50 V, 67 mA; and 65 V, 86 mA) with 3 frequencies (160, 400, and 1,000 Hz). Samples for meat quality were obtained from the pectoralis major (PM) and musculus iliofibularis (MI), and samples for glycogen metabolism were taken from the PM and tibialis anterior muscle at 45 min postmortem. The use of high frequency reduced the shear value in PM (400 and 1,000 Hz vs. 160 Hz; P < 0.01) and cooking loss in MI (1,000 Hz vs. 160 and 400 Hz; P < 0.01). The shear value of PM decreased at high frequency (400 and 1,000 Hz) when current was high (50 V, 67 mA and 65 V, 86 mA; P < 0.01) but increased at high frequency (1,000 Hz) when current was low (35 V, 47 mA). Stunning with 1,000 Hz (vs. 160 Hz) caused low glycogen and glycolytic potential in PM (P < 0.05). Plasma corticosterone decreased (P < 0.05) at high currents (≥50 V, 67 mA) but was not affected by changes in frequency. Electrical current interacted with frequency in plasma glucose, redness 24 h postmortem, shear value (PM), pH 24 h postmortem (MI), and glycolytic potential (tibialis anterior; P < 0.05). This study indicated that high stunning frequencies (400 and 1,000 Hz) may improve meat quality without aggregating stress when the current was not too low (>50 V, 67 mA).

Comparison of blood variables, fiber intensity, and muscle metabolites in hot-boned muscles from electrical- and gas-stunned broilers.

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of gas stunning (GS) and electrical stunning (ES) on energy metabolism in Arbor Acres broilers. Thirty-six birds were slaughtered without stunning (control) or after stunning with the following treatments: 40% CO(2) + 21% O(2) + N(2) (G40%); 60% CO(2) + 21% O(2) + N(2) (G60%); 35 V, 47 mA, 400 Hz (E35V); 50 V, 67 mA, 160 Hz (E50V); and 65 V, 86 mA, 1,000 Hz (E65V). Muscle samples were obtained from the pectoralis major (breast) and tibialis anterior (leg) muscles in ambient temperature within 45 min postmortem and stored at -80°C. Blood pH decreased consistently with GS (G40% and G60%) compared with ES and the control (P < 0.01). No consistent differences were observed between GS and ES in the plasma variables, glycolytic potential, adenosine phosphates, or fiber intensities. Plasma lactate increased with G40% and E35V (P < 0.05), whereas plasma uric acid and urea nitrogen increased with E35V (P < 0.05) compared with the control. Compared with the control, the intensity of type IIB fibers decreased in broilers stunned with E35V and E50V (P < 0.05) and glycolytic potential increased (P < 0.01) with G60% in the breast muscle and decreased (P < 0.01) in the leg muscle with all the stunning treatments except for E50V. Energy decreased (lower adenosine triphosphate, higher adenosine monophosphate, and adenosine monophosphate:adenosine triphosphate ratio, P < 0.05) in breast muscle with G40% compared with ES at high currents (E50V and E65V). However, the adenosine phosphates with GS were not significantly different (P > 0.05) from ES at low current (E35V) in either breast or leg muscle. In conclusion, no essential difference in energy metabolism was found in broilers stunned with ES and GS when ES was based on low current and high frequency and GS was based on hypercapnic moderate oxygenation. This study indicated that G40% was potentially a superior stunning variable.

[Non-medication treatment of patients with chronic cystitis].

Combined application of ultrasound, modulated sinusoidal currents (MSC), and iodine-bromine baths is known to be a highly efficacious method for the rehabilitative treatment of patients with chronic cystitis in the phase of latent inflammation. The present study has demonstrated that combination of ultrasound with electrotherapeutic sleep and iodine-bromine baths exerts pronounced anti-inflammatory effect and bacteriostatic action whereas modulated sinusoidal currents combined with electrotherapeutic sleep and iodine-bromine baths significantly improve urodynamics in the lower urinary tract and produce marked anesthetic effect. Evaluation of the immediate and long-term results of the treatment of 16 patients presenting with chronic cystitis revealed the absence of exacerbation of infectious and inflammatory processes in the bladder within 6 months after physiotherapy

Improvement of postoperative analgesia during cancer surgery with Limoge's current: a personal experience.

BACKGROUND: The anesthesiologist took advantage of a personal experience to determine whether transcutaneous cranial electrical stimulation using Limoge's current (TCES-LC) improved the level of postoperative analgesia by potentiating anesthetic agents used during the intra- and postoperative phases. Included were analgesics injected through an epidural thoracic catheter (T8-T9) positioned at the end of an esophagectomy. Another reason for a self-experimentation was to be able to evaluate the psycholeptic effects of TCES-LC to gain a better understanding of the problems linked with pain during treatment. METHODS: The Limoge' current is bidirectional and consists of a high-frequency biphasic asymmetrical wave composed of modulated, high-frequency (166-kHz) pulse trains with a repetition cycle of 100 Hz. TCES-LC was initiated 2 hours before anesthetic induction without any tranquilizer or other medication. TCES-LC was continuously applied during the entire surgical procedure and continued 48 hours postoperatively in the intensive care unit (ICU). As the objective was not to obtain electrical anesthesia, the usual anesthetic protocol was used during surgery. RESULTS: During the initial 48 postoperative hours with continuous application of TCES-LC (D0-D1), a decrease of the epidural anesthetic dose requirement was observed for ropivacaine, and sufentanil (-25% and -60% respectively). A similar decrease in these medications was also measured on day 2 (D2), while TCESLC was terminated. This decrease was amplified day 3 (D3) for both ropivacaine and sufentanil (-50% and -73% respectively). On day 4 (D4) the epidural anesthetics were totally suppressed (1 day before the normal conventional schedule planned for by the ICU physician with this type surgery). CONCLUSION: Future clinical trials need to be conducted to show the significant advantages of TCES-LC in alternative and complementary medicine.

Electrical stunning, hot boning, and quality of chicken breast meat.

The first experiment was conducted to determine the effects of varying voltage, 20, 40, 80, and 100 V at 60 Hz, on stunning efficiency, blood loss, and carcass defects. In the second experiment, the same parameters were evaluated to determine the effects of varying frequency, 60, 200, 350, 500, and 1,000 Hz at 40 V. A control group for both experiments was not stunned. At 40V, 30 to 50 mA, 90% of the birds were unconscious, as shown by no response to comb piercing, and blood loss was maximized (55.3%). When varying the stunning frequency, maximum blood loss (73.1%), 90% of the birds were unconscious, and minimum carcass defects were observed at 1,000 Hz, 40 V. In the third experiment, birds were stunned at 40 V, 1,000 Hz and deboned immediately after defeathering (hot boning) and chilled or deboned after passing through all stages of a commercial abattoir operation (conventional boning). Control lots were unstunned and followed normal abattoir stages. Average shear value was significantly lower for stunned compared to unstunned birds (6.0 vs. 7.1 kg/g), although tenderness scores, as measured by a trained panel, were not significantly different (6.6 for stunned birds vs. 6.1 for unstunned). Scores for juiciness were also not significantly different (5.5 for stunned vs. 5.8 for unstunned). Average shear value was also significantly lower for conventionally boned birds (5.2 kg/g) than for hot boned birds (7.9 kg/g). Sensory analysis confirmed the shear value results. Conventionally boned breasts had an average tenderness score of 7.4 vs. an average of 5.3 for hot boned breast. No statistical differences were observed with respect to juiciness, although a score of 6.2 was observed for conventionally boned breast meat vs. a score of 5.1 for hot boned breast meat.

Comparison of analgesic techniques for antler removal in wapiti.

The purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of ring block anesthesia (LA) and electroanesthesia (A) for antler removal in elk given a long-acting tranquilizer to remove stress from restraint. Thirty-two male wapiti were given 1 mg/kg body weight of zuclopenthixol acetate; the next day, they were restrained in a hydraulic chute, provided with electroanesthesia or a lidocaine ring block, and had their antlers removed. Behavioral response to antler removal was scored. Significantly more (P = 0.032) animals responded to antler removal in the EA group. Heart rates and arterial pressures were measured by a catheter connected to a physiological monitor. Heart rate increased significantly over time with EA, but not with LA. Heart rate increased from baseline significantly more in the EA group immediately prior to antler removal (P = 0.017), immediately post antler removal (P = 0.001), and at 1 min post antler removal (P = 0.037). It was concluded that EA is not as effective a method of anesthesia as is LA for antler removal.

The effect of electronic dental anesthesia on behavior during local anesthetic injection in the young, sedated dental patient.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the 3M Electronic Dental Anesthesia (EDA) finger electrode on reducing sedated patient responsiveness during local anesthesia administration. METHODS: Thirty patients between the ages of 24 to 48 months, ASA I, and in need of treatment of maxillary anterior teeth using local anesthesia were used in this study. Each of the patients received chloral hydrate (CH) and hydroxyzine (50 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg, respectively). The patients were divided randomly in two groups. The experimental group received activated electronic dental anesthesia (AEDA) while the control group had a nonactive EDA (NAEDA). Physiological parameters were recorded and behavior was videotaped and rated using the Ohio State University Behavior Rating Scale. A repeated-measures ANOVA, Student's tests, and descriptive statistics were used. RESULTS: The results indicated that the heart rate and diastolic blood pressure of both groups were significantly affected as a function of time and dental procedures. A significant effect in the percent change of heart rate between groups was noted during local anesthetic injection with the NAEDA group having an increased heart rate. There was a higher occurrence of movement in the NAEDA compared to the AEDA. CONCLUSION: The EDA appears to be beneficial in reducing the discomfort, as judged by behavioral and physiologic observations, associated with local anesthetic administration in young sedated dental patients.

[The effect of combined transcerebral magnetic and electric impulse therapy on the cerebral and central hemodynamic status of stroke patients in the early rehabilitation period]. / Vliianie sochetannoi transtserebral'noi magnitnoi i élektroimpul'snoi terapii na sostoianie mozgovoi i tsentral'noi gemodinamiki u bol'nykh s mozgovym insul'tom v rannem periode reabilitatsii.

75 clinical cases of acute impairment of cerebral circulation treated with sinusoidal modulated currents in combination with transcerebral magnetic field have been analysed. Functional and clinical findings indicate that the above combination is much more effective than magnetic field and sinusoidal modulated currents alone: 62% against 35% and 33%, respectively.

[The importance of electroencephalographic studies for evaluating the action of physical treatment methods in patients with a neuroendocrine syndrome and disordered menstrual function]. / Znachenie élektroéntsefalograficheskikh issledovanii dlia otsenki deistviia fizicheskikh metodov lecheniia bol'nykh neiroéndokrinnym sindromom s narusheniem menstrual'noi funktsii.

Electroencephalograms of 43 females (mean age 27.3 +/- 5.2 years) were examined for integral power of various EEG rhythms, delta, beta, alpha, beta 1 intervals for occipital, parietal and frontal region, right and left hemispheres. The frequency analysis was made with regard of EEG type. A particular role of the right hemisphere in development of neuroendocrine pathology is discussed.

[The content of beta-endorphin, met-enkephalin and ACTH in the blood plasma during electric and drug anesthesia]. / Soderzhanie beta-éndorfina, meténkefalina i AKTG v plazme krovi pri élektromedikamentoznoi anestezii.

Beta-endorphin, metenkephaline, and ACTH were radioimmunoassayed in the peripheral blood plasma of 4 groups of patients subjected to microsurgery by different techniques. In 3 groups electropulsed exposure of the CNS was a component of general combined ataralgesia. In group 1 (13 patients) two Lenar devices were employed, in group 2 (5 patients) Skat-202 device, in group 3 (7 patients) Elean device. Group 4 (17 patients) were controls administered drugs according to the same protocols as in the rest three groups. Anesthesia was considered adequate in all the groups. The hypoalgesic effect of electroexposure was the most expressed in group 1: fentanyl was not injected in 53% cases, and in 47% its dose, 0.74 microgram/kg/h, was 2.25 times lower than in controls (1.58 micrograms/kg/hm p < 0.05); the drug doses in groups 2 and 3 (0.82 and 0.8 microgram/kg/h) were 1.9 and 2 times lower than in controls, respectively, p < 0.05. The levels of ACTH and opioid peptides were measured at 6 stages: 1) several days before surgery; 2) after premedication, 10-15 min after the patient was brought into the operation room; 3) before discontinuing nitrogen oxide; 4) after discontinuing nitrogen oxide; 5) when the patient regained consciousness after the end of surgery; and 6) after extubation of the trachea. During surgery under electromedicamentous anesthesia the level of ACTH in the plasma was the same as initially or comparable to the level of this hormone at the same stages in the control group. The content of opioid peptides changed at stressogenic stages of anesthesia and surgery. In patients administered drug anesthesia beta-endorphin levels were shifted, in those operated on under electromedicamentous anesthesia the metenkephaline compound of the opiate system was altered. Activation of various components of endogenous opiate system in electromedicamentous and drug anesthesia may be due to differences in the mechanisms of this types of anesthesia at the given level of the antinociceptive system of the organism. No stable reaction of endorphin level on the electroexposure could be detected. There was no evident relationship between changes in the levels of opioid peptides and the decrease of fentanyl consumption. Besides, it is possible that the analgesic effect of electroexposure is mediated not only by the opioid, but by other mechanisms of endogenous antinociceptive system as well.

[A trial of the clinical use of a new method of electrosleep]. / Opyt klinicheskogo primeneniia novogo sposoba élektrosna.

A novel device and technique of interference electric sleep therapy have been developed and tried in 125 children and 324 adults with different diseases. The highest clinical response, especially in children, was achieved on Elson unit.

[The use of an electrosleep method for restoring the performance capacity and relieving the psychoemotional stress of athletes in cyclic sports]. / Primenenie metoda élektrosna dlia vosstanovleniia rabotosposobnosti i sniatiia psikhoémotsional'nogo napriazheniia u sportsmenov tsiklicheskogo vida sporta.

44 boat-racing sportsmen entered the study which aimed at elucidation of electric sleep action on restoration of muscular performance and relief of psychoemotional stress. The electric sleep procedures were found to stimulate regeneration processes, improve cardiovascular function and myocardial contractility, normalise arterial and capillary tonicity, to potentiate muscular performance and aerobic power of the body.

[The effect of transcranial electrostimulation on initial alcoholic motivation in rats]. / Vliianie transkranial'noi élektrostimuliatsii na iskhodnuiu alkogol'nuiu motivatsiiu u krys.

The effect of transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) was found to inhibit alcohol intake in rats used to ethanol, whereas in those unused to ethanol the alcohol intake increased after the TES. The TES effect seems to be connected with the difference in opioid system conditions in animals with different spontaneous alcohol motivation.

[Transcranial electrostimulation (the mechanism of its action and its analgesic and associated effects)]. / Transkranial'naia élektrostimuliatsiia (mekhanizm vozdeistviia, anal'geticheskii i sopriazhennye éffekty).

As seen from various publications, the adjuvant use of transcranial electrostimulation (TCE) stimulates ulcer healing (the defect healed 2-3.5 times faster), promotes normalization of serum gastrin levels both in its high and low values produces analgetic, membrane stabilizing, reparative, sedative, immunomodulating and antitumor effects. The method is easy to perform, convenient, has no contraindications and serious complications.

[Experimental research on the physicochemical action of impulse currents when applied transcerebrally]. / Eksperimental'noe issledovanie fiziko-khimicheskogo deistviia impul'snykh tokov pri transtserebral'nom primenenii.

Thymocyte function and lipid peroxidation in cell membranes of the cerebral cortex and the myocardium of 72 rats were examined to study the stress-limiting mechanism of 10 and 1000 Hz impulse current effect. The additional measurements were as follows: rat and thymus weight, their proportional relations, thymocyte nuclear population, 11--OCS, thyroid hormones (T3, T4), plasma testosterone and insulin, myocardial and cerebral cortical protein. The animals were immobilized for 6 days in individual tight cages where they had food and water. Antioxidant and antistress effects of impulse currents were revealed at definite regimens of their application: 10 Hz stress limiting action was more potent when applied to stressed animals, but 1000 Hz current proved to be an effective prophylactic procedure.