[Comparative study of Streptomyces--producer of aminoglycoside antibiotics, monomycin and kanamycin, and the strain 344 obtained by fusion of their protoplasts by the method of restrictive total DNA fingerprinting]. / Sravnitel'noe izuchenie streptomitsetov--produtsentov monomitsina a kanamitsina i shtamma 344, poluchennogo pri zliianii ikh proto- plastov metodom restriktsionnykh "fingerprintov" total'noi DNK.

The method of total DNA restriction finger prints was applied to the study of Streptomyces monomycini INA 1465 producing monomycin, Streptomyces kanamyceticus INA K-13 producing kanamycin and strain 344 isolated after fusion of the protoplasts of strain 1465 and K-13, which produced albofungin and chloralbofungin, aminoglycoside antibiotics. For preparing the finger prints of the strains splitting by endonucleases BamHI, PstI, PvuII, and BgIII was used. The finger prints showed that strain 344 was related to the strain of S. monomycini and markedly differed from the strain of S. kanamyceticus. Strain 344 was likely to result from reconstruction (probably 20-kb deletion) of the genome of S. monomycini INA 1465 induced by the preparation and regeneration of its protoplasts. The reconstruction could affect the genome area with localization of the genes involved in monomycin biosynthesis and monomycin resistance genes.

[Albofungin formation by a strain isolated as a result of fusion of protoplasts of organisms producing aminoglycoside antibiotics]. / Obrazovanie al'bofungina shtammon, poluchennym v rezul'tate sliianiia protoplastov produtsentov aminoglikozidnykh antibiotikov.

Strain 344 synthesizing an antibiotic complex was isolated after fusion of the protoplasts of Streptomyces monomycini producing monomycin and Streptomyces kanamyceticus producing kanamycin. The major component of the complex was identified with albofungin and the minor one was suggested to be chloralbofungin. In the cultures of strain 344 variants forming monomycin were detected. After regeneration of the protoplasts of the parent strains there were isolated no stable clones synthesizing antibiotics differing from monomycin and kanamycin.

[Monomycin distribution in the tissues of animals of various ages]. / Raspredeleneie monomitsina v nekotorykh tkaniakh zhivotnykh raznogo vozrasta.

The distribution of monomycin (15 mg/kg intramuscularly) in the blood serum and organs of mature, old and young rats was studied in the agar diffusion test. Bact. pumelis was used as test microorganism. The good absorption of this antibiotic into blood was revealed and its accumulation in high concentrations in the kidneys of animals of all ages, that conditions to a certain degree the nephrotoxicity of the preparation. Its accumulation in the organs and release from them is quicker in young rats than in mature and old ones. According to monomycin concentration, the organs were distributed in the following descending order: kidneys-liver-lungs-spleen.

[Use of tablet forms of monomycin in children with acute dysentery]. / Ispol'zovanie tabletirovannykh form monomitsina pri ostroi dizenterii u detei.

The clinical picture of acute dysentery caused mainly by Shigella sonnei was studied in 160 children: 50 children were treated with monomycin tablets and for the treatment of 110 children monomycin in the form of amorphous powder in bottles was used. The treatment was carried out in accordance with the official instructions. Coincidence of the recovery time in the both groups was registered. When the patients were treated with monomycin tablets, 5 and 15-34 per cent of the antibiotic a daily dose was excreted with the urine and excrements respectively. It was concluded that monomycin in the from of tablets was more convenient in the treatment of children.