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1.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg ; 112(5): 216-222, 2018 05 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29860359

ABSTRACT

Background: The aim of the investigation was to determine the risk factors for human fascioliasis in schoolchildren in five localities of the Baños del Inca district in Cajamarca, Peru. Secondarily, the prevalence of infection among this population was also studied. Methods: A questionnaire was applied to 270 schoolchildren from 6-12 years of age and to their parents with the aim of collecting information related to risk factors predisposing the children to Fasciola hepatica infection. Faecal samples from all the children were tested for F. hepatica using the modified rapid sedimentation method of Lumbreras and the technique of Kato-Katz for egg counts. Results: Risk factors were identified as follows-raising cattle, consumption of radishes and chewing grass. The prevalence of F. hepatica in Baños del Inca was 6.30%; there was no significant difference by sex or age. Conclusion: Risk factors associated with this parasitosis in children in this area of Cajamarca were the raising of cattle, the consumption of radish and the habit of chewing grass. The prevalence results in this district suggest a mesoendemic level of infection, with local variations between meso- and hyper-endemic levels.


Subject(s)
Cattle Diseases/parasitology , Fasciola hepatica/isolation & purification , Fascioliasis/epidemiology , Feces/parasitology , Schools , Students , Animal Husbandry , Animals , Cattle , Child , Fascioliasis/etiology , Fascioliasis/parasitology , Female , Humans , Male , Peru/epidemiology , Pilot Projects , Poaceae/parasitology , Prevalence , Raphanus/parasitology , Risk Factors , Students/statistics & numerical data , Water Supply
2.
Medicina (B Aires) ; 65(3): 207-12, 2005.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16042130

ABSTRACT

An epidemiological focal study was performed in Loncopué, Neuquén, Argentina, in November 2002 to detect the origin of the infection in a human case of fascioliasis confirmed by an indirect-ELISA test, six months before the study. Thirty five individual fecal samples were taken from domestic livestock, and watercress plants and snails were collected from the irrigation ditches connected to a main canal in the surroundings of the patient's house. A new blood sample was taken from the already recovered patient. The patient was still seropositive to Fasciola hepatica antigens. No metacercariae were found in the 222 watercress leaves checked. All the snails collected (n=130) were identified as Lymnaea viatrix and two out of 101 (2%) were infected with F. hepatica larvae. Coprological analysis showed F. hepatica eggs in 100% of goats (10/10), 82% of sheep (9/11) and 86% of bovines (6/7). The number of eggs per gram shed by positive goats (median=20.7, Q1=6.2, Q3=34.5) and sheep (4, 1.8, 13) was significantly higher than in cows (0.3, 0.3, 1.7) (p < 0.01). Local veterinary control programs were apparently not effective in this case. Anthelmintics used and treatment schedule should be revised and small herds raised at households should also be included and treated.


Subject(s)
Cattle Diseases/parasitology , Fasciola hepatica/isolation & purification , Fascioliasis/etiology , Adult , Animals , Cattle , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Fascioliasis/blood , Fascioliasis/veterinary , Feces/parasitology , Female , Food Parasitology , Goats , Humans , Lymnaea/parasitology , Nasturtium/parasitology , Parasite Egg Count , Sheep , Statistics, Nonparametric
4.
Rev. chil. radiol ; 10(3): 118-123, 2004. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-396259

ABSTRACT

La fasciolasis humana es una zoonosis causada por la Fasciola hepática, trematodo que en su vida adulta afecta principalmente el ganado ovino y bovino, siendo el hombre huésped accidental. La dificultad en el diagnóstico clínico, dada su variada sintomatología, muchas veces requerirá del apoyo imagenológico, por lo que el radiólogo debe estar preparado y conocer la epidemiología de este patógeno, especialmente en aquellas zonas endémicas (Latinoamérica, zonas de Asia y el Norte de Africa). Es importante considerarla dentro del diagnóstico diferencial de lesiones focales hepáticas, especialmente en el contexto clínico de eosinofilia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Fasciola hepatica/isolation & purification , Fasciola hepatica/growth & development , Fasciola hepatica/pathogenicity , Fascioliasis/diagnosis , Fascioliasis/epidemiology , Fascioliasis/etiology , Fascioliasis/microbiology , Fascioliasis , Fascioliasis , Africa, Northern/epidemiology , Latin America/epidemiology , Asia/epidemiology , Chile/epidemiology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Ultrasonography , Zoonoses/epidemiology , Zoonoses/etiology
5.
Trop Med Int Health ; 7(4): 339-48, 2002 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11952950

ABSTRACT

We detected 10 protozoan and nine helminth species in surveys of 338 5-15 year-old Quechua schoolchildren in three communities of the Asillo zone of the Puno region, located at a very high altitude of 3910 m in the Peruvian Altiplano. The area proved to be hyperendemic for human fascioliasis with a 24.3% overall mean prevalence of Fasciola hepatica, local prevalences ranging between 18.8 and 31.3%, and infection intensities of up to 2496 eggs per gram of faeces (epg), with 196-350 epg (mean: 279 epg) and 96-152 epg (123 epg) as arithmetic and geometric means, respectively. Prevalences did not significantly vary between schools and in relation to sex. No statistical differences were found in intensities between schools, nor according to sex or age groups between and within schools, although the highest overall egg counts were detected in girls and in the youngest age group. Asillo zone is a man-made irrigation area built only recently to which both liver fluke and lymnaeid snails have quickly adapted. The region appears to be isolated from the Northern Bolivian Altiplano natural endemic area. Such man-made water resources in high altitude areas of Andean countries pose a high fascioliasis risk. Significant positive association of F. hepatica with protozooses following a one host life cycle, such as Giardia intestinalis, suggests that human infection mainly occurs through drinking water. This is supported by additional evidence such as the absence of typical aquatic vegetation in the drainage channels inhabited by lymnaeid snails, the absence of aquatic vegetables in the traditional nutrition habits of the Quechua inhabitants, and the lack of potable water systems inside dwellings, which requires inhabitants to obtain water from irrigation canals and drainage channels.


Subject(s)
Fascioliasis/epidemiology , Fresh Water/parasitology , Adolescent , Animals , Child , Child, Preschool , Fasciola hepatica/isolation & purification , Fascioliasis/etiology , Female , Humans , Male , Parasite Egg Count , Peru/epidemiology , Prevalence
6.
Parasitol. día ; 24(1/2): 27-34, ene.-jun. 2000. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-269426

ABSTRACT

Se evaluó el valor predictivo de éxito terapéutico de una fracción semipurificada de < 30 kDa de Fasciola hepatica, empleando ELISA y western blot (WB) en el reconocimiento antigénico por parte de ovinos infectados. Quince ovinos fueron infectados naturalmente después de permanecer un mes en un predio de una zona endémica. Los ovinos fueron evaluados individualmente cada mes, durante 12 meses, mediante examen coprológico, ELISA y WB. A los seis meses, seis de los quince corderos fueron tratados con un fasciolicida. Se emplearon sueros controles negativos y positivos a F. hepatica y pools de sueros ovinos con otras parasitosis y sin fasciolosis. Los resultados indicaron que el día 0, todos los ovinos y sus sueros fueron negativos a fasciolosis, según el examen coprológico, WB y ELISA respectivamente. El efecto del tratamiento fasciolicida en los 6 corderos tratados, se tradujo en la disminución gradual de los niveles de anticuerpos siendo significativas las diferencias entre tratados y controles a los 4 meses post tratamiento (p.t) (p>0,05) y siendo 5 de los 6 sueros de corderos tratados, negativos a ELISA después de 6 meses p.t. Mediante WB, se determinó que a los 2 meses p.t, la mitad de los ovinos tratados no lograron reconocer las bandas de 29 y 14 kDa (consideradas como altamente sensibles y específicas en el diagnóstico de fasciolosis). Hubo diferencias significativas en la proporción de positivos entre los ovinos tratados y controles a los 2 meses p.t. (p<0,05). A los 5 meses p.t., hubo total ausencia de reconocimiento de las bandas de < 30 kDa y 14 kDa en los ovinos tratados. Los exámenes coprológicos señalaron la ausencia de infección en los corderos tratados, lo que fue corroborado posteriomente por la necropsia, la que a su vez, desmostró la infección en los ovinos no tratados. Se concluye que la fracción semipurificada de < 30 kDa ensayada, contiene polipéptidos que ofrecen un gran potencial, no sólo desde el punto de vista diagnóstico sino que también como una herramienta a emplear para predecir el éxito terapéutico después de un tratamiento fasciolicida


Subject(s)
Humans , Antigens, Helminth , Fasciola hepatica/immunology , Fascioliasis/diagnosis , Fascioliasis/etiology , Sheep/parasitology , Agricultural Zones , Anthelmintics/therapeutic use , Blotting, Western , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Fasciola hepatica/drug effects , Fascioliasis/drug therapy , Feces/parasitology , Parasite Egg Count , Predictive Value of Tests , Immunologic Tests
7.
Rev. peru. med. trop ; 7(1): 53-9, abr. 1993. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-154649

ABSTRACT

Dos pruebas serológicas (contrainmunoelectroforesis-CEP y el ensayo inmunoenzimático-ELISA) fueron utilizadas para hacer un seguimiento longitudinal de 28 ratones infectados con Fasciolasis hepatica. Un grupo de 8 y 10 ratones fueron infectados con 1-2 metacercarias. Los anticuerpos séricos fueron detectados por ELISA a partir de la 1-2da. semana postinfección. Uno de los ratones recién alcanzó un valor de absorbancia diagnóstica a la 5ta. semana. Las precipitinas fueron demostradas por la CEP a la 2-3ra. semana de infección. Sólo en dos casos con diagnóstico comprobado de fasciolasis, no se detectaron precipitinas. Un tercer ratón, positivo mediante ELISA a la 5ta. semana, recién mostró reactividad a la 8va. semana. La prueba de ELISA fue ligeramente más sensible que la CEP para la detección temprana de la infección.


Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Fascioliasis/diagnosis , Fascioliasis/etiology , Fascioliasis/immunology , Mice , Counterimmunoelectrophoresis , Counterimmunoelectrophoresis/veterinary , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary
9.
Bol. Lima ; 12(72): 33-37, nov. 1990. ilus
Article in Spanish | LIPECS | ID: biblio-1106747

ABSTRACT

The freshwater lymnaeid snail, Fossaria viatrix (Orbigny, 1835) is recorded in 14 departments from Peru. The shell, radular teeth and genitalia are described and ilustrated. Geographical distribution and ecological characters are also included. F. viatrix is etiológico de la fasciolasis y su identificación específica es útil en estudios epidemiológicos y en programas de control biológico.


Se registra por primera vez en 14 departamentos del Perú, el género Fossaria viatrix (Orbigny, 1835). Se describen las principales características morfológicas de su conchilla, rádula y sistema reproductor. Ademas se indica su distribución geográfica y caracteres ecológicos. En el Perú F. viatrix es agente etiológico de la fasciolasis y su identificación específica es útil en estudios epidemiológicos y en programas de control biológico.


Subject(s)
Fascioliasis , Fascioliasis/etiology , Gastropoda , Peru
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