Fadiga pré-operatória em pacientes com câncer: prevalência e fatores associados / Pre-operative fatigue in cancer patients: prevalence and associated factors

Este estudo objetivou descrever a prevalência de fadiga e identificar os fatores associados à fadiga em pacientes no pré-operatório de cirurgia oncológica. Pesquisa transversal, desenvolvida com 117 pacientes com câncer em pré-operatório (idade média= 51,2 anos; 76,9% mulheres; 65,8% viviam com companheiro; 70,9% não realizaram tratamento prévio para câncer). Instrumentos utilizados foram Escala de Fadiga de Piper ­ Revisada; Escala de Estresse Percebido; Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão; Escala Numérica de Dor; Escala Numérica de Sono e Escala de Karnofsky (KPS). Realizou-se teste de qui-quadrado, teste t-Student, ANOVA oneway. Constatamos que a prevalência da fadiga pré-operatória foi de 25,6% e a intensidade foi moderada/intensa. A dimensão afetiva de fadiga apresentou escore mais alto comparado às dimensões comportamental e sensorial/psicológica. Ansiedade, depressão, estresse, dor, sono e performance status se associaram à fadiga pré- operatória.

This study aimed to describe the prevalence of fatigue and to identify factors associated with fatigue in patients in the pre-operative phase for oncologic surgery. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 117 pre-operative cancer patients (mean age = 51.2 years; 76.9% women; 65.8% lived with a partner; 70.9% did not have previous cancer treatment). We used the instruments Piper Fatigue Scale-Revised; Perceived Stress Scale; Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; Pain Numerical Scale; Numerical Sleep Scale and Karnofsky Performance Status Scale. We conducted Chi-Square test, Student's t-test, and one-way ANOVA. We found a 25.6% prevalence of pre-operative fatigue and the intensity was moderate/severe. The affective fatigue dimension presented higher score compared to behavioral and sensorial/psychological dimensions. Anxiety, depression, stress, pain, sleep and performance status were associated with pre-operative fatigue.

Long-term impact of childhood selective dorsal rhizotomy on pain, fatigue, and function: a case-control study.

AIM: Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) is a surgical treatment for spasticity in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Studies suggest long-lasting effects of SDR on spasticity; long-term effects on symptoms and function are not clear. This study tested whether adults with CP (average 22y after SDR) report less pain, fatigue, and functional decline than a retrospectively assessed non-surgical comparison group. METHOD: This was a case-control study. Eighty-eight adults with CP (mean age 27y; SDR=38 male/female/missing=20/16/2; non-surgical [comparison]=50, male/female=19/31) recruited from a tertiary care center and the community completed a battery of self-reported outcome measures. Regression models were used to test whether SDR status predicted pain, fatigue, functional change, and hours of assistance (controlling for Gross Motor Function Classification System level). RESULTS: SDR status did not significantly predict pain interference (p=0.965), pain intensity (p=0.512), or fatigue (p=0.404). SDR related to lower decline in gross motor functioning (p=0.010) and approximately 6 fewer hours of daily assistance than for those in the comparison group (p=0.001). INTERPRETATION: Adults with CP who had SDR in childhood reported less gross motor decline and fewer daily assistance needs than non-surgically treated peers, suggesting the functional impact of SDR persists long after surgery.

Cognitive fatigue in individuals with multiple sclerosis undergoing immunoablative therapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

BACKGROUND: Fatigue presents as a significant problem in multiple sclerosis (MS). Cognitive fatigue (CF) can be defined as a decrease in, or inability to maintain task performance throughout the duration of a continuous cognitive task. CF was evaluated using the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) both pre- and post-immunoablation and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (IA-HSCT) over a 3-year follow-up period. The magnitude of CF was examined and the impact of scoring methodology was evaluated. METHODS: Twenty-three individuals with rapidly progressive MS and poor prognosis underwent high dose immunosuppression and subsequent HSCT. Individuals completed the 3″ and 2″ PASAT at baseline and every 6 months thereafter over a period of 36 months. As scoring methodology can impact its sensitivity to CF, the PASAT was scored according to three scoring methods. RESULTS: CF was noted across all three scoring methods at baseline and at the majority of time points post-IA-HSCT on both the 3″ and 2″ PASAT. The magnitude of CF remained consistent both pre-and post-IA-HSCT. CONCLUSIONS: While results suggest that the procedure itself does not ameliorate an individual's susceptibility to CF; neither does it seem to negatively impact levels of CF. As such, results support the notion that the IA-HSCT procedure, despite its aggressive nature, does not exacerbate CF in this particular sample.

Repair of a high-flow iliac arteriovenous fistula using a thoracic endograft.

Open surgical repair of iliac arteriovenous fistulas is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, making endovascular repair an attractive alternative. This report describes a 39-year-old man who was admitted with two-pillow orthopnea, edema, and fatigue. He had sustained a gunshot wound to the pelvis 13 years previously. Six years after the gunshot wound, he was diagnosed with cardiomegaly and high-output congestive heart failure. A magnetic resonance angiography documented a large pelvic arteriovenous fistula. A diagnostic contrast angiogram confirmed a high-flow fistula between the left distal main internal iliac artery and left common iliac vein. A Gore TAG thoracic endoprosthesis (W. L. Gore and Assoc, Flagstaff, Ariz) was used to repair this large, high-flow internal iliac artery-common iliac vein arteriovenous fistula.

Clinical improvement after revision in Fontan patients.

BACKGROUND: Arrhythmias, decreased exercise tolerance, or malabsorption will develop in a significant number of Fontan patients. Fontan revision consisting of creation of lateral atrial tunnel, reconnection of the Glenn shunt when present, or both appears to improve these patients. METHODS: Over a 34-month period, 9 patients underwent Fontan revision. The mean age was 11 +/- 5 years and the mean interval from Fontan operation to revision was 3 +/- 2 years. The reason for revision included marked impairment in exercise capacity, inability to go to school consistently, and chronic fatigue in 6 patients, 3 of whom also had serious atrial arrhythmias. Five of the 6 patients had a classic Glenn shunt. The mean right atrial pressure was greater than the pressure of the Glenn shunt (20 +/- 1.6 versus 17 +/- 0.8 mm Hg). Three of the 6 patients also showed a significant gradient between the right or left pulmonary artery wedge and ventricular end-diastolic pressure, indicating pulmonary vein obstruction from the bulging atrial septum or partitioning patch (13 +/- 3 versus 6.8 +/- 1 mm Hg). The remaining 3 patients had revision because of malabsorption (1), hepatomegaly and obstructed right pulmonary veins from bulging atrial septum (1), and tricuspid insufficiency (1). Fontan revision was accomplished with creation of a lateral atrial tunnel and Glenn reconnection in 6 patients, Glenn reconnection in 2, and creation of a lateral atrial tunnel in 1. Four patients had additional procedures. RESULTS: One patient died of Pseudomonas pneumonia. Early extubation, chest tube removal, and postoperative hospital discharge were accomplished in 8 patients (mean = 1.4 +/- 1, 2.8 +/- 1, and 8 +/- 3 days, respectively). One patient died 8 months postoperatively of brain damage after ventricular fibrillation from attempted cardioversion for atrial flutter. The remaining patients had marked improvement in exercise capacity with ability to consistently go to school, improvement in duration and tolerance to arrhythmias on less medication, and resolution of malabsorption up to 37 months postoperatively (mean, 20 +/- 12 months). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that creation of lateral atrial tunnel with excision of a bulging atrial septum or atrial partitioning patch that causes pulmonary venous obstruction, reconnection of the Glenn shunt, which allows better distribution of flow based on the pulmonary vascular bed and resistance of each lung, or a combination of these procedures will improve Fontan patients.