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1.
Vet Med Sci ; 7(2): 572-576, 2021 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33382165

ABSTRACT

A 1-year-old, castrated, male, domestic short-haired cat with pruritic, multifocal, crusted ulceration of the skin over the dorsal aspect of the neck and scapulae was presented. The cat also had a history of depression and anorexia. A causative agent for the lesion was not identified on a general dermatological examination. Histopathology revealed diffuse epidermal ulceration and loss with replacement by neutrophilic inflammation and necrotic debris. Idiopathic ulcerative dermatitis (IUD) was diagnosed based on history, physical examination and histopathology. To prevent self-trauma and secondary bacterial infection, light bandages and glucocorticoid ointment were applied. After a month of management, the lesions markedly improved. Approximately 3 months after the initial presentation, the cat died; necropsy confirmed an IUD and non-effusive (dry form) feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). This report describes a rare case of IUD in a cat with concurrent FIP. However, no association between IUD and FIP was found.


Subject(s)
Dermatitis/veterinary , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/complications , Animals , Cats , Dermatitis/complications , Dermatitis/diagnosis , Dermatitis/therapy , Fatal Outcome , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/diagnosis , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/therapy , Male
2.
J Vet Med Sci ; 82(10): 1492-1496, 2020 Oct 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32848107

ABSTRACT

A 3-month-old male Scottish Fold kitten with pleural fluid and low ratio of albumin to globulin (A/G ratio) was brought to our small animal hospital. Since RNA from the type I feline coronavirus (FCoV) were detected in drained pleural fluid, the cat was tentatively diagnosed with effusive feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). Following the administration of itraconazole and prednisolone, the A/G ratio increased, and the pleural fluid mostly disappeared. The fecal FCoV levels temporarily decreased. However, the cat showed neurological manifestations and was eventually euthanized due to status epilepticus after 38 days of treatment. In conclusion, itraconazole partly exerted a beneficial effect in a cat with FIP. However, further investigation of a possible role of itraconazole in FIP treatment is warranted.


Subject(s)
14-alpha Demethylase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/drug therapy , Itraconazole/therapeutic use , Prednisolone/therapeutic use , 14-alpha Demethylase Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/administration & dosage , Body Fluids/virology , Cats , Coronavirus, Feline/isolation & purification , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/complications , Itraconazole/administration & dosage , Male , Prednisolone/administration & dosage , RNA, Viral/chemistry , Status Epilepticus/pathology , Status Epilepticus/veterinary
3.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 72(3): 823-826, May-June, 2020. ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1129485

ABSTRACT

Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) is a progressive and fatal disease in domestic and wild cats, caused by Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus (FIPV). The disease is characterized by an immunomediated reaction against the virus in various organs. This work described a case report of fibrinous epicarditis caused by FIPV. A male cat, three years old, died and was received to be necropsied. Grossly, soft, multifocal to coalescing, whitish fibrinous exudate, measuring up the 2 centimeters of thickness, was observed in the epicardium, mostly at the apex of the heart. Microscopically, severe, multifocal to coalescing inflammatory infiltrate was observed in the epicardium, composed mainly by macrophages, plasmocytes and lymphocytes, associated with fibrin deposition. Immunohistochemistry was performed for FIPV and was positive in the areas of inflammation in the epicardium. To the author´s knowledge, this is the second report of epicarditis due to FIPV in a cat. Therefore, epicarditis should be considered a differential diagnosis of cardiac diseases in Feline Medicine.(AU)


A Peritonite Infecciosa Felina (PIF) é uma doença progressiva e fatal de felinos domésticos e selvagens, causada pelo vírus da Peritonite Infecciosa Felina (FIPV). A doença é caracterizada por uma reação imunomediada contra o vírus em vários órgãos. Este trabalho descreveu um relato de caso de epicardite fibrinosa causada pelo FPIV. Um gato macho, com três anos de idade, veio a óbito e foi recebido para necropsia. Macroscopicamente, foi observado exsudato fibrinoso esbranquiçado, friável, multifocal, medindo até 2 centímetros de espessura, no epicárdio, principalmente no ápice cardíaco. Microscopicamente, foi observado no epicárdio um infiltrado inflamatório misto, multifocal, composto por macrófagos, plasmócitos e linfócitos, associado a deposição de fibrina. A imuno-histoquímica foi positiva para o FIPV nas áreas de inflamação no epicárdio. Os autores descrevem o segundo relato de caso na literatura científica de epicardite causada pelo FIPV em um gato. Portanto, a epicardite deve ser considerada como diagnóstico diferencial em doenças cardíacas em Medicina Felina.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Pericardium/pathology , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/complications , Coronavirus, Feline/isolation & purification , Immunohistochemistry/veterinary
4.
Vet Microbiol ; 237: 108398, 2019 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31585653

ABSTRACT

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a highly fatal disease caused by a virulent feline coronavirus in domestic and wild cats. We have previously reported the synthesis of potent coronavirus 3C-like protease (3CLpro) inhibitors and the efficacy of a protease inhibitor, GC376, in client-owned cats with FIP. In this study, we studied the effect of the amino acid changes in 3CLpro of feline coronavirus from a feline patient who received antiviral treatment for prolonged duration. We generated recombinant 3CLpro containing the identified amino acid changes (N25S, A252S or K260 N) and determined their susceptibility to protease inhibitors in the fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay. The assay showed that N25S in 3CLpro confers a small change (up to 1.68-fold increase in the 50% inhibitory concentration) in susceptibility to GC376, but other amino acid changes do not affect susceptibility. Modelling of 3CLpro carrying the amino acid changes was conducted to probe the structural basis for these findings. The results of this study may explain the observed absence of clinical resistance to the long-term antiviral treatment in the patients.


Subject(s)
Cat Diseases/virology , Coronaviridae Infections/veterinary , Coronavirus, Feline/enzymology , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/complications , Protease Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Pyrrolidines/therapeutic use , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Base Sequence , Binding Sites , Cats , Coronaviridae Infections/drug therapy , Coronaviridae Infections/virology , Male , Models, Molecular , Protease Inhibitors/pharmacology , Protein Conformation , Pyrrolidines/pharmacology , RNA, Viral , Sequence Alignment , Sulfonic Acids , Viral Proteins/chemistry , Viral Proteins/metabolism
5.
Can Vet J ; 60(2): 183-185, 2019 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30705455

ABSTRACT

A 19-week-old neutered male domestic shorthair cat was examined because of multiple raised pruritic skin lesions along the dorsal head and back. Histopathology of biopsies of the lesions detected nodular pyogranulomatous dermatitis with vasculitis and necrosis, leading to a suspicion of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). Postmortem examination revealed gross lesions consistent with FIP. Histopathologic lesions and positive immunohistochemical staining for feline coronavirus in multiple tissues, including the skin, confirmed the diagnosis of FIP. The current case was similar to previous cases, except for the initial presentation with cutaneous lesions and no other clinical signs, which had not been reported previously.


Péritonite infectieuse féline chez un chat présenté pour des lésions cutanées papuleuses. Un chat domestique commun mâle stérilisé âgé de 19 semaines a été examiné en raison de multiples lésions cutanées prurigineuses épaisses le long de la tête dorsale et du dos. L'histopathologie des biopsies des lésions a détecté une dermatite pyogranulomateuse nodulaire avec vasculite et nécrose, ce qui a soulevé des soupçons de péritonite infectieuse féline (PIF). L'examen post mortem a révélé des lésions macroscopiques conformes à la PIF. Les lésions histopathologiques et la coloration immunohistochimique positive pour le coronavirus félin dans plusieurs tissus, y compris la peau, ont confirmé le diagnostic de PIF. Le cas actuel est semblable aux cas antérieurs, sauf pour la présentation initiale avec des lésions cutanées et aucun autre signe clinique, ce qui n'avait pas été signalé précédemment.(Traduit par Isabelle Vallières).


Subject(s)
Coronavirus, Feline , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/diagnosis , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/pathology , Skin Diseases/veterinary , Animals , Biopsy , Cats , Fatal Outcome , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/complications , Male , Skin Diseases/complications , Skin Diseases/diagnosis , Skin Diseases/pathology
6.
J Am Vet Med Assoc ; 253(2): 181-187, 2018 Jul 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29963947

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE To characterize and investigate potential associations between causes of pleural effusion and various clinical factors in a large cohort of affected cats. DESIGN Retrospective case series with nested cross-sectional study. ANIMALS 380 client-owned cats with a diagnosis of pleural effusion from January 1, 2009, through July 14, 2014, for which the cause of pleural effusion had been fully investigated. PROCEDURES Electronic medical records were reviewed and data collected regarding cat characteristics, clinical signs, cause of pleural effusion, treatment, and survival status at discharge from the hospital. Variables were examined for associations with causes of pleural effusion. RESULTS 87 (22.9%) cats died or were euthanized before discharge from the hospital. Congestive heart failure (CHF) was the most common cause (155 [40.8%]) of pleural effusion, followed by neoplasia (98 [25.8%]). Other causes included pyothorax, idiopathic chylothorax, trauma, feline infectious peritonitis, and nontraumatic diaphragmatic hernia. Cats with trauma or feline infectious peritonitis were significantly younger than those with CHF or neoplasia. Cats with lymphoma were significantly younger than those with carcinoma. Cats with CHF had a significantly lower rectal temperature at hospital admission (mean ± SD, 36.9 ± 1.2°C [98.4 ± 2.2°F]) than did cats with pleural effusion from other causes (37.9 ± 1.2°C [100.2 ± 2.2°F]). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Cats with pleural effusion in this study had a poor prognosis; CHF and neoplasia were common causes. Age and hypothermia may be helpful to raise the index of suspicion for certain underlying causes of pleural effusion in cats.


Subject(s)
Cat Diseases/epidemiology , Cat Diseases/etiology , Pleural Effusion/veterinary , Animals , Cat Diseases/pathology , Cats , Cohort Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/complications , Female , France/epidemiology , Heart Failure/complications , Heart Failure/veterinary , Male , Neoplasms/complications , Neoplasms/veterinary , Pleural Effusion/epidemiology , Pleural Effusion/etiology , Prognosis , Records/veterinary , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Wounds and Injuries/complications , Wounds and Injuries/veterinary
7.
J Comp Pathol ; 152(2-3): 265-8, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25678422

ABSTRACT

A 15-year-old male African lion (Panthera leo) was presented with blindness due to bilateral panuveitis with retinal detachment. Feline coronavirus (FCoV) antigen was identified immunohistochemically in ocular macrophages, consistent with a diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) infection. This is the first report of FIP in an African lion and the first report of ocular FIP in a non-domestic felid.


Subject(s)
Feline Infectious Peritonitis/pathology , Panuveitis/veterinary , Animals , Cats , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/complications , Lions , Male , Panuveitis/etiology , Panuveitis/pathology
9.
Res Vet Sci ; 94(3): 753-63, 2013 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23122808

ABSTRACT

Feline Immnunodeficiency (FIV) and Feline Leukemia (FeLV) viruses are common infectious agents in stray cats and shelter environments. Recombinant feline interferon-ω (rFeIFNω) has shown an antiviral action not only against FIV and FeLV but also against herpesvirus (FHV-1) and calicivirus (FCV). Sixteen naturally infected FIV/FeLV cats were followed during rFeIFNω therapy in order to monitor clinical signs and to correlate with excretion of concomitant viruses (FCV, FHV-1, feline coronavirus (FCoV) and parvovirus (FPV)). Cats were submitted to clinical evaluations and concomitant virus excretion assessement. Comparing D0-D65, 10/16 cats improved clinical scores. Of the 10 cats positive for FHV-1 on D0, 4 were negative and 6 reduced viral loads. Of the 11 FCoV positive cats, 9 reduced viral loads. The 13 FCV positive cats and the FPV positive cat were negative on D65. In conclusion, rFeIFNω improves clinical signs and reduces concurrent viral excretion in naturally infected retroviral cats.


Subject(s)
Feline Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy , Interferon Type I/therapeutic use , Leukemia, Feline/drug therapy , Animals , Cats , Coinfection/drug therapy , Coinfection/veterinary , Coinfection/virology , Coronavirus, Feline/drug effects , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary , Feline Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Feline Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/virology , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/complications , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/drug therapy , Feline Panleukopenia/complications , Feline Panleukopenia/drug therapy , Feline Panleukopenia Virus/drug effects , Female , Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline/drug effects , Leukemia Virus, Feline/drug effects , Leukemia, Feline/complications , Male , Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use
10.
Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd ; 154(1): 27-31, 2012 Jan.
Article in German | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22222900

ABSTRACT

This case report describes the disease progression of a male cat with pericardial effusion. Clinical signs (dyspnea, lethargy, and weakness) started very acutely. The initial laboratory profile showed only an increase in alanine aminotransferase enzyme activity. Diagnostic imaging revealed pericardial effusion. Effusion analysis showed a Rivalta-positive, modified transudate. Detection of feline coronavirus antigen in macrophages was negative. General condition and laboratory parameters dramatically worsened within seven days. Therefore, the owners decided to euthanize the cat. Even if effusion variables are macroscopically and microscopically suspicious for FIP, a definitive diagnosis of FIP could only be made by histology (including immunhistochemical staining).


Subject(s)
Cat Diseases/etiology , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/complications , Pericardial Effusion/veterinary , Animals , Cat Diseases/diagnosis , Cat Diseases/therapy , Cats , Disease Progression , Euthanasia, Animal , Fatal Outcome , Male , Pericardial Effusion/diagnosis , Pericardial Effusion/etiology , Pericardial Effusion/therapy , Pericardiocentesis/veterinary
12.
J Feline Med Surg ; 11(5): 395-407, 2009 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19389639

ABSTRACT

PRACTICAL RELEVANCE: A number of systemic diseases are associated with neurological deficits. Most systemic diseases that impact on the nervous system result in multifocal neurological signs; however, isolated deficits can also be observed. This article reviews the clinical signs, pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of four important systemic diseases with neurological consequences: feline infectious peritonitis, toxoplasmosis, hypertension and hepatic encephalopathy. CLINICAL CHALLENGES: Early recognition of systemic signs of illness in conjunction with neurological deficits will allow for prompt diagnosis and treatment. While neurological examination of the feline patient can undoubtedly be challenging, hopefully the accompanying articles in this special issue will enable the clinician to approach these cases with more confidence. EVIDENCE BASE: The veterinary literature contains numerous reports detailing the impact of systemic disease on the nervous system. Unfortunately, very few references provide detailed descriptions of large cohorts of affected cats. This review summarises the literature underpinning the four key diseases under discussion.


Subject(s)
Cat Diseases , Central Nervous System Diseases/veterinary , Feline Infectious Peritonitis , Hepatic Encephalopathy/veterinary , Hypertension/veterinary , Toxoplasmosis, Animal , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Calcium Channel Blockers/administration & dosage , Cat Diseases/diagnosis , Cat Diseases/drug therapy , Cat Diseases/physiopathology , Cats , Central Nervous System Diseases/diagnosis , Central Nervous System Diseases/etiology , Central Nervous System Diseases/physiopathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/complications , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/diagnosis , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/drug therapy , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/physiopathology , Hepatic Encephalopathy/complications , Hepatic Encephalopathy/diagnosis , Hepatic Encephalopathy/drug therapy , Hepatic Encephalopathy/physiopathology , Hypertension/complications , Hypertension/diagnosis , Hypertension/drug therapy , Hypertension/physiopathology , Prognosis , Toxoplasmosis, Animal/complications , Toxoplasmosis, Animal/diagnosis , Toxoplasmosis, Animal/drug therapy , Toxoplasmosis, Animal/physiopathology
13.
Vet Dermatol ; 18(5): 365-9, 2007 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17845626

ABSTRACT

A 6-year-old spayed female domestic shorthair cat with a 3-week history of inappetence, weight loss, and hiding was examined. A palpable abdominal fluid wave, dehydration, and a small tear on the left flank were noted during initial examination. When the cat was gently restrained for blood sampling, the skin on the dorsal neck tore, leaving a 15 cm x 7 cm flap of skin. Clinicopathological abnormalities included nonregenerative anaemia, hypoalbuminaemia, increased globulin concentration, and mildly elevated aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities. Abdominal fluid was viscous and had a total protein of 5.3 g dL(-1) with 316 cells microL(-1), consistent with a modified transudate. Cytology of the abdominal fluid revealed 86% nondegenerate neutrophils, 13% macrophages, and 1% small lymphocytes. Histopathological evaluation and indirect immunohistochemistry confirmed a diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis, hepatic lipidosis and feline skin fragility syndrome. Feline skin fragility syndrome has not previously been reported in association with feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). Its inclusion as a clinical sign associated with FIP may facilitate a diagnosis.


Subject(s)
Cat Diseases/diagnosis , Fatty Liver/veterinary , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/diagnosis , Skin Diseases/veterinary , Animals , Blood Cell Count/veterinary , Blood Chemical Analysis/veterinary , Cat Diseases/blood , Cat Diseases/pathology , Cats , Diagnosis, Differential , Fatty Liver/complications , Fatty Liver/diagnosis , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/complications , Female , Skin Diseases/complications , Skin Diseases/diagnosis , Syndrome
14.
J Vet Med Sci ; 69(7): 759-62, 2007 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17675810

ABSTRACT

A one-year-old female cat was unable to stand. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed, and an enlargement of the lateral, third, and fourth ventricles and syringomyelia were detected. The cat was diagnosed with an isolated fourth ventricle (IFV) with syringomyelia. The serum isoantibody test for the feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) virus was 1:3,200. After the cat died, a pathological examination revealed nonsuppurative encephalomyelitis. We suspected that the IFV, detected in the cat, was associated with FIP encephalomyelitis. To our knowledge, there has been no report on IFV in veterinary medicine.


Subject(s)
Feline Infectious Peritonitis/complications , Fourth Ventricle/pathology , Syringomyelia/veterinary , Animals , Cats , Fatal Outcome , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/pathology , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/therapy , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/virology , Female , Fourth Ventricle/virology , Syringomyelia/complications , Syringomyelia/therapy , Syringomyelia/virology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/veterinary
15.
Vet Pathol ; 42(3): 321-30, 2005 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15872378

ABSTRACT

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a fatal, coronavirus (CoV)-induced systemic disease in cats, characterized by granulomas in organs and granulomatous vasculitis. This study describes the morphologic features of granulomatous vasculitis in FIP as well as its development in the course of monocyte-associated feline CoV (FCoV) viremia in five naturally infected Domestic Shorthair cats with FIP. Monocyte-associated FCoV viremia was demonstrated by immunohistology, RNA in situ hybridization, and electron micropscopy. Granulomatous phlebitis at different stages of development was observed. Vasculitic processes ranged from attachment and emigration of FCoV-infected monocytes to vascular/perivascular granulomatous infiltrates with destruction of the vascular basal lamina. Monocytes as well as perivascular macrophages were activated because they were strongly positive for CD18 and expressed cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta) and matrix metalloproteinase-9. In addition, general activation of endothelial cells, represented by major histocompatibility complex II upregulation, was observed in all cases. These results confirm FIP as a monocyte-triggered systemic disease and demonstrate the central role of activated monocytes in FIP vasculitis.


Subject(s)
Cat Diseases/pathology , Coronavirus, Feline/ultrastructure , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/pathology , Granuloma/veterinary , Vasculitis/veterinary , Viremia/veterinary , Animals , Cat Diseases/virology , Cats , DNA Primers , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/complications , Granuloma/etiology , Granuloma/pathology , Immunohistochemistry/veterinary , In Situ Hybridization/veterinary , Microscopy, Electron, Transmission/veterinary , Monocytes/ultrastructure , Vasculitis/etiology , Vasculitis/pathology , Viremia/pathology
16.
Vet Rec ; 144(5): 118-22, 1999 Jan 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10070701

ABSTRACT

This paper describes six cases of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) in which an abdominal tumour had been suspected clinically. Pathological changes were mainly restricted to the massive enlargement of a mesenteric lymph node due to necrogranulomatous lymphadenitis. FIP was diagnosed on the basis of the immunohistological demonstration of coronavirus antigen in intact macrophages within the necrogranulomatous lesions. In the affected lymph node lymphoid tissue was either almost completely effaced or restricted to follicles composed mainly of variable numbers of blasts. From one to many plasma cells positive for coronavirus-specific antibodies were present in the marginal sinuses or capsules. In addition, necrogranulomas were present in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue of the caecum of one cat, and adjacent to the affected lymph node of another.


Subject(s)
Abdominal Neoplasms/veterinary , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/diagnosis , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Lymphadenitis/veterinary , Abdominal Neoplasms/pathology , Animals , Antigens, Viral/analysis , Cat Diseases/diagnosis , Cat Diseases/etiology , Cat Diseases/pathology , Cats , Cecum , Coronavirus, Feline/immunology , Diagnosis, Differential , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/complications , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/pathology , Female , Granuloma/etiology , Granuloma/pathology , Granuloma/veterinary , Immunohistochemistry , Lymphadenitis/etiology , Lymphadenitis/pathology , Lymphoid Tissue/pathology , Lymphoid Tissue/virology , Macrophages/virology , Male , Mesentery , Retroperitoneal Space
17.
J Am Vet Med Assoc ; 210(9): 1313-8, 1997 May 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9143536

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine what risk factors, other than genetic predisposition, contribute to the incidence of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) in private breeding catteries and animal shelters. DESIGN: Cats from 7 catteries and a shelter were observed monthly for 1 year. At each visit, cats were examined, fecal samples were collected for determination of feline coronavirus shedding, and blood samples were collected for determination of coronavirus antibody titers. Diagnostic tests were performed on all cats that died of FIP. ANIMALS: 275 purebred or random-bred cats that were kept by private breeder-owners in homes. RESULTS: 24 cats died of FIP during the study. Development of FIP was not associated with cattery, mean cat number, mean age, sex, cattery median coronavirus antibody titer, husbandry and quarantine practices, caging and breeding practices, or prevalence of concurrent diseases. However, risk factors for FIP included individual cat age individual cat coronavirus titer, overall frequency of fecal coronarvirus shedding, and the proportion of cats in the cattery that were chronic coronavirus shedders. Deaths from FIP were more frequent in fall and winter, and on the basis of analysis of cattery records, the number of deaths varied yearly. Epidemics (> 10% mortality rate) were reported at least once in 5 years in 4 catteries. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Elimination of FIP from a cattery is only possible by total elimination of endemic feline enteric coronavirus (FECV) infection. The most important procedure to reduce FECV from catteries is elimination of chronic FECV shedders.


Subject(s)
Coronavirus Infections/veterinary , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/epidemiology , Age Factors , Animal Husbandry , Animals , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Case-Control Studies , Cats , Coronavirus/immunology , Coronavirus/isolation & purification , Coronavirus Infections/complications , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Feces/virology , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/complications , Female , Housing, Animal , Incidence , Male , Population Density , Prevalence , Quarantine/veterinary , Risk Factors , Seasons , Vaccination/veterinary , Virus Shedding
19.
J Small Anim Pract ; 37(5): 217-24, 1996 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8736226

ABSTRACT

Eighty-two cases of feline pleural effusion were identified and reviewed to assess the type of fluid, underlying disease process, predisposing conditions, historical and physical examination findings, laboratory and cytology data, response to treatment and outcome. Pertinent findings included a high occurrence of pleural effusion with mediastinal lymphoma (and other types of intrathoracic neoplasia), pyothorax, cardiomyopathy and feline infectious peritonitis virus infection. Sixteen cases, eight with chylous effusion, had no underlying disease identified. Cats with pyothorax and effusion secondary to trauma had the best prognosis for complete recovery. Otherwise, the outcome was variable and the prognosis was guarded to poor.


Subject(s)
Cat Diseases/etiology , Pleural Effusion/veterinary , Animals , Cat Diseases/epidemiology , Cat Diseases/pathology , Cats , Causality , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/complications , Female , Heart Diseases/complications , Heart Diseases/veterinary , Incidence , Lymphoma/complications , Lymphoma/veterinary , Male , Pleura/diagnostic imaging , Pleura/pathology , Pleural Effusion/epidemiology , Pleural Effusion/etiology , Prognosis , Radiography , Retrospective Studies
20.
J Am Anim Hosp Assoc ; 31(5): 425-8, 1995.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8542361

ABSTRACT

A 13-year-old, 4-kg, neutered male Maine coon presented with ascites. Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites were seen within neutrophils and macrophages, and free within the abdominal fluid. At necropsy, many abdominal organs were positive for feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) antigens using immunohistochemical staining. This apparently is the first report of concurrent toxoplasmosis and FIP in a domestic cat.


Subject(s)
Cat Diseases , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/complications , Toxoplasmosis, Animal/complications , Animals , Cat Diseases/parasitology , Cat Diseases/pathology , Cats , Coronavirus, Feline/isolation & purification , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/pathology , Feline Infectious Peritonitis/virology , Male , Toxoplasma/isolation & purification , Toxoplasmosis, Animal/parasitology , Toxoplasmosis, Animal/pathology
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