ABSTRACT
Fosfomycin resistance in Escherichia coli is rare in the United States. An extended-spectrum ß-lactamase-producing E. coli clinical strain identified in Pennsylvania, USA, showed high-level fosfomycin resistance caused by the fosA3 gene. The IncFII plasmid carrying this gene had a structure similar to those found in China, where fosfomycin resistance is commonly described.
Subject(s)
Drug Resistance, Bacterial/genetics , Escherichia coli/immunology , Fosfomycin/immunology , Fosfomycin/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Escherichia coli/genetics , Escherichia coli Infections/drug therapy , Escherichia coli Infections/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Pennsylvania/epidemiology , Sequence Analysis, DNA/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
The polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were assessed as means of detecting plasmid-encoded fosfomycin resistance in the hope that they might facilitate epidemiological studies. The results indicated good correlation between the two methods which are more rapid, less expensive and more sensitive than DNA-DNA hybridization. Both techniques could potentially be employed for the genotypic detection of resistance to any group of antibiotics.
Subject(s)
Bacteria/drug effects , Bacteria/genetics , Drug Resistance, Microbial/genetics , Fosfomycin/pharmacology , Animals , Base Sequence , Blotting, Western , Drug Resistance, Microbial/immunology , Fosfomycin/immunology , Genes, Bacterial/immunology , Humans , Molecular Sequence Data , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Rabbits , Sequence Homology, Nucleic AcidABSTRACT
The antigenicity of fosfomycin (FOM), a new antibiotic agent, was studied. The binding of 3H-FOM with human serum protein was measured by the short term dialysis method. The binding was very weak only by 2.16% and reversible. The rabbits were immunized subcutaneously by fosfomycin as sodium salt (FOM-Na) with FREUND'S complete adjuvant. Antigenicity of IgG was examined by means of agar gel precipitation, passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and passive hemagglutination. To study the antigenicity of IgE, the BALB/cA mice were immunized intraperitoneally by FOM-Na with aluminum hydroxide gel and, passive cutaneous IgG and IgE. Consequently, it can be concluded that FOM does not conjugate with human serum protein to form its hapten and has not antigenicity.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/immunology , Antibody Formation , Fosfomycin/immunology , Animals , Blood Proteins/metabolism , Fosfomycin/metabolism , Humans , Immunoglobulin E/immunology , Immunoglobulin G/immunology , Male , Mice , Protein Binding , RabbitsABSTRACT
The pharmacological effects of fosfomycin sodium, a new antibiotic agent, were studied on central nervous system, neuromuscular junction, isolated smooth muscles, blood coagulation, red blood cell resistance, body temperature, permeability of skin vessels and IgG and IgE antibody formation in laboratory animals. Fosfomycin sodium inhibited activities on the isolated smooth muscles, elevated body temperature, and increased permeability of skin vessels. Any of these actions, however, was noticeable only when it was administered in higher doses. Except for these above effects, fosfomycin sodium did not show any actions. Consequently, it can be concluded that fosfomycin sodium has no specific pharmacological actions.
