ABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Fragaria/adverse effects , Food Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Food Hypersensitivity/etiology , Hypersensitivity, Immediate , Mediterranean RegionSubject(s)
Botulism/epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks/statistics & numerical data , Animals , Aspartate Aminotransferases/blood , Austria/epidemiology , Biomarkers , Botulinum Toxins/blood , Botulism/diagnosis , Botulism/transmission , Clostridium botulinum/isolation & purification , Cryopreservation , Feces/microbiology , Food Handling , Food Microbiology , Food Preservation , Fragaria/adverse effects , Fragaria/microbiology , Humans , Meat/adverse effects , Meat/microbiology , Meat Products/adverse effects , Meat Products/microbiology , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Sus scrofaABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: No strawberry allergen has so far been identified and characterized. METHODS: Serum samples were collected from patients with a suggestive case history of adverse reactions to strawberry and other fruits. Extracts from fresh and frozen strawberries were analysed by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), Western blotting and mass spectrometry. Patient blood samples were analysed for inhibition of IgE binding and basophil degranulation. RESULTS: Several IgE-binding proteins could be detected. In more than half of the patient sera, a 20/18-kDa doublet band was observed in Western blotting. These two bands were excised and analysed by mass spectrometry showing the presence of proteins belonging to the Bet v 1 family of allergens. Inhibition of the IgE binding to the 20/18-kDa doublet was obtained by addition of two recombinantly expressed allergens belonging to the Bet v 1 family (Bet v 1 and Mal d 1) and strawberry protein extract. In a cell-based assay of patient blood samples, basophil degranulation could be induced by strawberry protein extract and by Bet v 1 and Mal d 1. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that strawberry homologues to Bet v 1 may be allergens of importance for adverse reactions to strawberry.
