ABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Humans , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Digestive System Surgical Procedures/history , Digestive System Surgical Procedures/methods , Anastomosis, Surgical/history , Anastomosis, Surgical/trends , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/history , Gastrostomy/history , Gastrostomy/methods , Pancreatitis/history , Pancreatitis/surgery , Pain Management/history , Islets of Langerhans Transplantation/historySubject(s)
Esophagus/surgery , Gastrostomy/history , England , Gastrostomy/methods , History, 19th Century , Humans , Ligation/history , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Bronislaw Kader (1863-1937) introduced one of the traditional methods of gastrostomy. He was a Polish doctor who had been trained by such eminent surgeons as Ernst von Bergmann, Otto E. Küstner, Jan Mikulicz, and Eduard von Wahl. The Kader method implies blunt division of the left rectus muscle and opening of the stomach by a very small incision. A drainage tube is then inserted and fastened to the stomach wall by a stitch. Next, the stomach wall is sutured to the abdominal wall in a manner that places the tube in a tunnel surrounded by serosa. In comparison to others, Kader's method of gastrostomy was considered simpler, cheaper (fewer stitches), speedy, and safe. Although recommendations to perform gastric fistula were limited at the time, the value of gastrostomy remains undisputable. This is a method of choice for securing alimentation in cases of intractable stenosis of the pharynx or esophagus, which are usually due to cancer, chemical burns, trauma, or congenital defects. Nowadays, it is performed endoscopically or laparoscopically. This article presents the life history of Bronislaw Kader, the eponymous of this method and a gifted surgeon who lost his eyesight at the height of his fame.
Subject(s)
Gastrostomy/history , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Humans , PolandABSTRACT
Há trinta anos, Gauderer, cirurgião-pediatra, e Ponsky, endoscopista-pediatra, desenvolveram a gastrostomia endoscópica percutânea (GEP). A GEP apresenta como princípio a aproximação do estômago à parede abdominal, sem necessidade de sutura ou laparotomia, com a criação de uma abertura artificial no estômago. Ela tem se demonstrado método simples, seguro e efetivo de nutrição enteral por acesso gástrico e apresenta vantagens como baixo custo, menos tempo de hospitalização e menos morbidade quando comparada à gastrostomia tradicional. Tem sido amplamente utilizada na infância, principalmente em crianças com comprometimento neurológico e com impedimento à alimentação por via oral e como via de suplementação alimentarem doenças crônicas e debilitantes. As principais contraindicações incluem hipo albuminemia e distúrbios de coagulação. A antibiótico profilaxia com cefazolina uma hora antes do procedimento é obrigatória. A mais utilizada é a técnica pull (Gauderer e Ponsky) devido à sua simplicidade e segurança. As complicações da GEP são divididas em maiores e menores, sendo as últimas as mais comuns. É essencial que pacientes e familiares sejam bem-orientados sobre o procedimento...
Thirty years ago, Gauderer, a pediatric surgeon, and Ponsky, a pediatric endoscopist, developed percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG). PEG is based on approximationof the stomach to the abdominal wall without the need of suture or laparotomy, creatingan artificial opening in the stomach. PEG has proven to be a simple, safe and effective enteral nutrition method by gastric access, providing advantages such as low cost, withshorter hospitalization and morbidity when compared to traditional gastrostomy. PEGhas been widely used in childhood, especially in children with neurological impairment that are unable to be orally fed and as form of supplementation in chronic and debilitating diseases. Major contraindications include hypoa lbuminemia and coagulation disorders. Antibiotic propylaxis with cefazolin an hour before the procedure is mandatory. Themost used technique is pull technique (Ponsky and Gauderer) due to its simplicity andsafety. Complications of PEG are divided into major and minor, the latter being the most common. It is essential that patients and families are well informed about the procedure...
Subject(s)
Humans , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal , Gastrostomy , Gastrostomy , Preoperative Care , Postoperative Care , Gastrostomy/historyABSTRACT
Although supplemental enteral nutrition may have first been delivered by enema, the modern era of surgically placed feeding tubes began in the mid to late 1800s. Early procedures were generally disastrous, however, techniques rapidly improved. The basic techniques of surgical enteral access have not changed significantly in the last century, although endoscopic, radiologic and laparoscopic modifications have been described and adopted in the last 25 years. This article reviews some of the landmark surgical highlights in the United States and European literature regarding surgical enteral access.
Subject(s)
Enteral Nutrition/history , Gastrostomy/history , Gastrostomy/methods , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , History, AncientSubject(s)
Gastrectomy/history , Gastroenterostomy/history , Gastrostomy/history , Stomach/surgery , Europe , History, 19th Century , Humans , Pylorus/surgery , Russia , United StatesABSTRACT
El aporte calórico adecuado en pacientes con dificultad en la ingesta oral, puede lograrse a través de alimentación enteral o parenteral. La gastrostomía percutánea, tiene entre sus indicaciones la alimentación en pacientes con tumores de cabeza y cuello, debido no sólo a la malnutrición propia de estos enfermos, producto de sus hábitos o de la ubicación de la lesión, sino a la necesidad de mantener un soporte nutricional prolongado en el perioperatorio. Lugar: Práctica hospitalaria y extrahospitalaria. Diseño: Observacional retrospectivo. Material y método: Entre enero de 1999 y diciembre de 2001 se realizaron 52 ostomías percutáneas de alimentación en 48 pacientes con tumores de cabeza y cuello. En 29 pacientes, la indicación fue malnutrición, en 8 disfagia y en el último período de la serie se agregaron 11 enfermos, a quienes se les colocó gastrostomía previo al tratamiento quimio y/o radioterápico. En todos los casos se utilizó la técnica radiológica, con una efectividad del 98 por ciento en nuestra serie. Resultados: Se pudo realizar una gastrostomía percutánea en 48 de 49 pacientes (98 por ciento). En 2 pacientes (4,2 por ciento), se observaron complicaciones mayores y en 10 (20,8 por ciento), complicaciones menores. Conclusiones: La indicación más frecuente de la gastrostomía percutánea es su utilización como vía de alimentación. La realización de ostomas percutáneaos permite reducir las complicaciones propias de la alimentación parenteral y enteral por sondas, disminuir la incidencia de implante tumoral en el sitio del gastrostoma y mantener un soporte nutricional prolongado en el pre y perioperatorio con mejor calidad de vida y aceptable costo-beneficio (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Head and Neck Neoplasms/complications , Gastrostomy/methods , Enteral Nutrition/methods , Retrospective Studies , Gastrostomy/adverse effects , Gastrostomy/history , Nutritional Support , Nutrition Disorders/etiology , Nutrition Disorders/therapy , Neoplasm Metastasis , EndoscopySubject(s)
Gastroscopy/history , Gastrostomy/history , Gastrostomy/methods , History, 20th Century , HumansSubject(s)
Gastrectomy/history , Gastroenterostomy/history , Gastrostomy/history , Stomach Diseases/history , Europe , Gastrectomy/methods , Gastroenterostomy/methods , Gastrostomy/methods , History, 17th Century , History, 18th Century , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Humans , Russia (Pre-1917) , Stomach Diseases/surgeryABSTRACT
The author reviews the treatment of duodenal ulcer from its beginnings with gastroenterostomy one hundred years ago. He points out that treatment has changed as it was better understood that hypersecretion of acid was an important ulcerogenic factor. The Sippy regime, with diet and alkali to neutralize acid, and the resection and vagotomy were introduced. He discusses some aspects of the history of these therapies in Panama and points out the importance of the introduction of H2 receptors blocker and other drugs still under investigation.
Subject(s)
Duodenal Ulcer/history , Anti-Ulcer Agents/history , Duodenal Ulcer/therapy , Gastroenterostomy/history , Gastrostomy/history , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Humans , Panama , Vagotomy/historyABSTRACT
Hemos repasado el tratamiento de la úlcera duodenal desde sus inicios, hace cien años, con la gastroenterostomía. Se señala cómo el tratamiento varió cuando se entendió mejor que la hipersecreción de ácido era factor ulcerogénico. Se introdujo el tratamiento de Sippy, con álcalis y dieta, para neutralizar el ácido; y en cirugía, la resección y la vagotomía. Se hacen algunas consideraciones sobre la historia de estos tratamientos en Panamá. Finalmente, se señala la importancia de los bloqueadores de los receptores H2 y de otros medicamentos todavía en estudio
Subject(s)
Humans , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Anti-Ulcer Agents/history , Duodenal Ulcer/history , Panama , Gastroenterostomy/history , Gastrostomy/history , History of Medicine , Duodenal Ulcer/therapyABSTRACT
Although carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus was well known by the early nineteenth century, surgical removal of these tumors was stifled for several reasons. The pioneer work of Drs. Adams and Phemister was a major step in the development of an esophagogastrectomy that is still performed.
