ABSTRACT
Donovanosis is a chronic genital ulcerative disease caused by the intracellular Gram-negative bacterium Klebsiella granulomatis, reported more frequently in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA). Here we present a case of relapsing donovanosis in a PLHA on second line antiretroviral therapy who had episodes of transient unexplained decrease in CD4 counts associated with rapid growth of the lesion and non-responsiveness to treatment followed by clinical resolution coinciding with recovery of the CD4 count.
Subject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , Granuloma Inguinale , Humans , Granuloma Inguinale/drug therapy , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Follow-Up Studies , CD4 Lymphocyte Count , Treatment OutcomeSubject(s)
Sexually Transmitted Diseases , Granuloma Inguinale , Lymphogranuloma Venereum , Chancroid , Vaginosis, Bacterial , Coloring Agents , Gonorrhea , Syphilis , Papillomavirus Infections , Candidiasis , Trichomonas Infections , HIV , HIV Infections , Indicators and Reagents , Point-of-Care Systems , Staining and Labeling , Simplexvirus , Diagnostic Tests, Routine , Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures , LaboratoriesSubject(s)
Granuloma Inguinale , Military Personnel , Humans , Incidence , Population Surveillance , United States/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar conceitos e práticas clínicas recomendados para a abordagem da pessoa com vida sexual ativa. Esses conceitos são parte integrante das recomendações do Protocolo Clínico e Diretrizes Terapêuticas para Atenção Integral às Pessoas com Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis (IST) publicado pelo Ministério da Saúde do Brasil em 2020. O artigo propõe uma abordagem abrangente da sexualidade para promoção da saúde e apresenta aspectos importantes do processo de comunicação, que deve ocorrer de forma clara, sem preconceitos ou juízos de valor, com foco na saúde sexual e reprodutiva. Destacam-se pontos relevantes acerca do exercício da sexualidade em fases específicas da vida, recomendando avaliação dos riscos e vulnerabilidades, bem como o rastreamento de IST e o uso de preservativos. Dessa maneira, é possível contribuir para que as pessoas possam exercer sua sexualidade de forma plena, responsável e segura.
This article aims to present concepts and clinical practices recommended to approach people with an active sex life. These concepts are an integral part of the recommendations of the Clinical Protocol and Therapeutic Guidelines for Comprehensive Care for People with Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI), published by the Ministry of Health of Brazil in 2020.The article proposes a comprehensive approach to sexuality for health promotion and presents important aspects of the communication process that must develop clearly, without prejudice and judgment, with a focus on sexual and reproductive health. It also highlights relevant points about the exercise of sexuality at specific stages of life, recommending assessment of risks and vulnerabilities, as well as screening for STI and condom use. In this way, it is possible to contribute so that people can exercise their sexuality fully, responsibly and safely.
Este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar los conceptos y las prácticas clínicas recomendados para un abordaje de la persona con una vida sexual activa. Estos conceptos son parte de las recomendaciones contenidas en el Protocolo Clínico y Directrices Terapéuticas para la Atención Integral a Personas con Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual (ITS), publicado por el Ministerio de Salud de Brasil en 2020. El artículo propone un abordaje amplio de la sexualidad para la promoción de la salud. Presenta aspectos importantes del proceso de comunicación, que debe ocurrir con claridad, sin prejuicios y juicios de valor, con un enfoque en la salud sexual y reproductiva. Destaca puntos relevantes sobre el ejercicio de la sexualidad en etapas específicas de la vida, recomendando evaluación de riesgos y vulnerabilidades, así como el rastreo de ITS y el uso de preservativos. De esta forma, es posible contribuir para que las personas puedan ejercer su sexualidad de manera plena, responsable y segura.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Ulcer/therapy , Chancroid/therapy , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/therapy , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/epidemiology , Genitalia/pathology , Brazil/epidemiology , Herpes Genitalis/therapy , Lymphogranuloma Venereum/therapy , Syphilis/therapy , Clinical Protocols , Granuloma Inguinale/therapyABSTRACT
As infecções que causam úlcera genital são um dos temas que compõem o Protocolo Clínico e Diretrizes Terapêuticas para Atenção Integral às Pessoas com Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis, publicado pelo Ministério da Saúde do Brasil em 2020. Tal documento foi elaborado com base em evidências científicas e validado em discussões com especialistas. Este artigo aborda a síndrome clínica de úlcera genital causada por infecções sexualmente transmissíveis e seus agentes etiológicos mais comuns: Treponema pallidum (sífilis), vírus herpes simples 2 (herpes genital) e vírus herpes simples 1 (herpes perioral), Haemophilus ducreyi (cancroide), Chlamydia trachomatis sorotipos L1, L2 e L3 (linfogranuloma venéreo) e Klebsiella granulomatis (donovanose). São apresentados aspectos epidemiológicos e clínicos dessas infecções, bem como orientações para seu diagnóstico e tratamento, além de estratégias para as ações de vigilância, prevenção e controle, com a finalidade de subsidiar gestores e profissionais de saúde na qualificação da assistência.
Infections that cause genital ulcers are one of the themes comprising the Clinical Protocol and Therapeutic Guidelines for Comprehensive Care for People with Sexually Transmitted Infections, published by the Brazilian Ministry of Health in 2020. The Protocol and Guidelines have been developed based on scientific evidence and validated in discussions with specialists. This article addresses clinical genital ulcer syndrome caused by sexually transmitted infections, and its most common etiological agents: Treponema pallidum (syphilis), herpes simplex virus-2 (genital herpes) and herpes simplex virus-1 (perioral herpes), Haemophilus ducreyi (chancroid), Chlamydia trachomatis serotypes L1, L2 and L3 (venereal lymphogranuloma), and Klebsiella granulomatis (donovanosis). Epidemiological and clinical aspects of these infections are presented, as well as guidelines for their diagnosis and treatment, in addition to strategies for surveillance, prevention and control actions, with the purpose of supporting health managers and professionals in the qualification of care.
El tema de las infecciones que causan úlcera genital hace parte del Protocolo Clínico y Directrices Terapéuticas para Atención Integral a las Personas con Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual, publicado por el Ministerio de Salud de Brasil en 2020. Dicho documento fue elaborado con base en evidencias científicas y validado en discusiones con especialistas. Este artículo trata del síndrome de úlcera genital clínica provocada por infecciones de transmisión sexual, con sus agentes etiológicos más comunes: Treponema pallidum (sífilis), virus del herpes simple-1 (herpes genital) y virus del herpes simple-2 (herpes perioral), Haemophilus ducreyi (chancro blando), Chlamydia trachomatis, serotipos L1, L2 y L3 (linfogranuloma venéreo), y Klebsiella granulomatis (donovanosis). Se presentan aspectos epidemiológicos y clínicos de esas infecciones, bien como pautas para su diagnóstico y tratamiento, además de estrategias para acciones de monitoreo epidemiológico, prevención y control, a fin de contribuir con gestores y personal de salud en la cualificación de la asistencia.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Ulcer/therapy , Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral/epidemiology , Chancroid/therapy , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/therapy , Genitalia/pathology , Brazil/epidemiology , Herpes Genitalis/therapy , Lymphogranuloma Venereum/therapy , Syphilis/therapy , Clinical Protocols , Granuloma Inguinale/therapyABSTRACT
Abstract Donovanosis is a chronic, progressive, and indolent bacterial disease that affects the skin and mucous membranes of the genital and perigenital regions, often associated with sexual transmission, and with low infectivity. The malignant transformation of donovanosis lesions occurs exceptionally, as is usually seen in long-term ulcerations.
Subject(s)
Granuloma Inguinale/diagnosis , Granuloma Inguinale/drug therapy , Skin , UlcerABSTRACT
Donovanosis is a chronic, progressive, and indolent bacterial disease that affects the skin and mucous membranes of the genital and perigenital regions, often associated with sexual transmission, and with low infectivity. The malignant transformation of donovanosis lesions occurs exceptionally, as is usually seen in long-term ulcerations.
Subject(s)
Granuloma Inguinale , Granuloma Inguinale/diagnosis , Granuloma Inguinale/drug therapy , Humans , Skin , UlcerABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: We used an in-house molecular assay for the detection of Klebsiella granulomatis in ulcer specimens collected over a 12-year surveillance period in order to determine whether a diagnosis of donovanosis could be ascribed to genital ulcer disease (GUD) of unknown aetiology in our setting. METHODS: Between 2007 and 2018, a total of 974 genital ulcer specimens with no previously identified sexually transmitted (STI) pathogens were selected from STI aetiological surveys conducted in all nine provinces of South Africa. Giemsa-stained ulcer smears from the same participants had previously been routinely analysed for the presence of typical Donovan bodies within large mononuclear cells. A Klebsiella screening assay targeting the phoE (phosphate porin) gene was used in combination with restriction digest analysis and sequencing to confirm the presence of K. granulomatis. RESULTS: The Klebsiella screening assay tested positive in 19/974 (2.0%) genital ulcer specimens. Restriction digest analysis and nucleotide sequencing of the phoE gene confirmed that none of these specimens was positive for K. granulomatis DNA. Similarly, Donovan bodies were not identified in the Giemsa stained ulcer smears of these specimens. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to assess K. granulomatis as a cause of genital ulceration in South Africa over a 12-year surveillance period using molecular methods. The results demonstrate that K. granulomatis is no longer a prevalent cause of GUD in our population.
Subject(s)
Genital Diseases, Female/microbiology , Genital Diseases, Male/microbiology , Granuloma Inguinale/microbiology , Adult , Disease Eradication , Female , Genital Diseases, Female/diagnosis , Genital Diseases, Female/epidemiology , Genital Diseases, Male/diagnosis , Genital Diseases, Male/epidemiology , Granuloma Inguinale/diagnosis , Granuloma Inguinale/epidemiology , Humans , Klebsiella/genetics , Klebsiella/isolation & purification , Klebsiella/physiology , Male , South Africa/epidemiology , Ulcer , Young AdultABSTRACT
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) continue to be underrecognized leading to devastating health and economic consequences. Emergency clinicians play an important role in diagnosing and managing STDs and in improving health care outcomes for both the patient and their partners. In addition, antibiotic resistance and emerging infections continue to challenge providers in clinical practice. This review focuses on the cause, history, physical examination, diagnostic studies, and treatment strategies for bacterial vaginosis, chlamydia, genital herpes, gonorrhea, human papillomavirus, granuloma inguinale, Lymphogranuloma Venereum, Mycoplasma genitalium, syphilis, and trichomoniasis.
Subject(s)
Emergency Service, Hospital , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/diagnosis , Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use , Chlamydia Infections/diagnosis , Chlamydia Infections/drug therapy , Female , Gonorrhea/diagnosis , Gonorrhea/therapy , Granuloma Inguinale/diagnosis , Granuloma Inguinale/drug therapy , Herpes Genitalis/diagnosis , Herpes Genitalis/drug therapy , Humans , Male , Sexual Partners , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/drug therapy , Syphilis/diagnosis , Syphilis/drug therapy , Trichomonas Vaginitis/diagnosis , Trichomonas Vaginitis/drug therapy , Vaginosis, Bacterial/diagnosis , Vaginosis, Bacterial/drug therapyABSTRACT
Sexually transmitted infections (STI) are common all over the world and the incidence of chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis and trichomoniasis alone is estimated at 500 million/year. Of these infections 75% occur in tropical countries in Latin America, sub-Saharan Africa and South as well as Southeast Asia. The bacterial infections chancroid, lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) and granuloma inguinale (GI, Donovanosis) are termed tropical STI. They occur mainly in tropical countries, i.â¯e. regions situated between the equator and the northern and southern 23.5° latitudes, regions which are characterized by hot humid climates as well as poverty and underdevelopment. These three diseases are primarily associated with ulcerations of the skin, thus their presence represents an increased risk for transmission of HIV and other STI. As with all STI, to minimize the risk of tropical infections it is essential to avoid hazardous sexual practices and to use condoms.
Subject(s)
Chancroid , Gonorrhea , Granuloma Inguinale , HIV Infections , Sexually Transmitted Diseases , Syphilis , Chancroid/transmission , Gonorrhea/transmission , Granuloma Inguinale/transmission , HIV Infections/transmission , Humans , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/transmission , Syphilis/transmission , Tropical ClimateABSTRACT
Donovanosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by the Gram-negative bacteria Klebsiella granulomatis, which mainly affects the skin and mucous membranes of the genital, perigenital, and inguinal regions. Also known as venereal granuloma or granuloma inguinale, it is endemic in tropical and subtropical regions of the globe and often associated with sexual transmission. We report the case of an 11-year-old female victim of chronic sexual abuse, who was diagnosed with donovanosis and presented a good therapeutic response to doxycycline.
Subject(s)
Child Abuse , Granuloma Inguinale/diagnosis , Sex Offenses , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Child , Doxycycline/therapeutic use , Female , Granuloma Inguinale/drug therapy , Granuloma Inguinale/etiology , HumansABSTRACT
Abstract: Donovanosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by the Gram-negative bacteria Klebsiella granulomatis, which mainly affects the skin and mucous membranes of the genital, perigenital, and inguinal regions. Also known as venereal granuloma or granuloma inguinale, it is endemic in tropical and subtropical regions of the globe and often associated with sexual transmission. We report the case of an 11-year-old female victim of chronic sexual abuse, who was diagnosed with donovanosis and presented a good therapeutic response to doxycycline.
Subject(s)
Female , Child , Sex Offenses , Child Abuse , Granuloma Inguinale/diagnosis , Doxycycline/therapeutic use , Granuloma Inguinale/etiology , Granuloma Inguinale/drug therapy , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic useABSTRACT
The objective of this guideline is to provide guidance for the diagnosis and management of donovanosis, a now rare sexually transmitted infection. This guidance is primarily for professionals working in UK Sexual Health services (although others may find it useful) and refers to the management of individuals presenting with possible symptoms of donovanosis who are over the age of 16. An updated literature review since the last Clinical Effectiveness Group (CEG) guideline produced for this condition in 2011 has shown few new developments. Most reports in the literature relate to cases of unusual presentations of the condition.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Granuloma Inguinale/diagnosis , Granuloma Inguinale/drug therapy , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Adult , HumansABSTRACT
Este vídeo apresenta a epidemiologia, manifestações clínicas, diagnóstico e tratamento do granuloma inguinal, vírus do papiloma humano, pediculose e escabiose. Produção no âmbito do projeto Saúde Tropical para formação de técnicos de saúde, de países africanos de língua portuguesa. Referência Videográfica: Atouguia, Jorge - Infecções sexualmente transmissíveis [Em linha] : outras infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. Realização de Helder Matta e Silva; Tecnólogo Vítor Almeida. Lisboa : Universidade Aberta, 2007. 1 prog. vídeo (10 min., 42 seg.)
Subject(s)
Sexually Transmitted Diseases , Granuloma Inguinale , Human Papillomavirus Viruses , Lice Infestations , Lice Infestations , ScabiesABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Chancre/diagnosis , Chancre/drug therapy , Ceftriaxone/therapeutic use , Doxycycline/therapeutic use , Granuloma Inguinale/diagnosis , Granuloma Inguinale/drug therapy , Penicillin G Benzathine/therapeutic use , Chancre/classification , Chancre/complications , Chancre/physiopathology , Fever/complications , Fever/drug therapy , Fever/etiologyABSTRACT
Las infecciones de transmisión sexual precisan para su control de pruebas diagnósticas rápidas, fiables y que permitan su realización en situaciones de cribado. Las técnicas de biología molecular han supuesto una verdadera revolución diagnóstica. Debido a su elevada sensibilidad, no solo detectan más infecciones, sino que permiten la obtención de muestras poco invasivas que facilitan los programas de cribado y evitan el rechazo de los pacientes a la realización de toma de muestras. La mejora de su especificidad evita en muchos casos la realización de pruebas de confirmación, bajo la premisa del cumplimiento de normas de calidad. También permiten diagnosticar patógenos que las técnicas de cultivo son incapaces de recuperar, y cada vez tenemos plataformas diagnósticas más sencillas, versátiles y en formato múltiple que agilizan el trabajo en el laboratorio e incluso fuera de él (AU)
Sexually transmitted infections (STI) require rapid, reliable diagnostic tests that can be performed in screening situations. Molecular biology techniques have been a true diagnostic revolution. Due to their high sensitivity, they detect more infections and allow non-invasive sample collection, simplifying screening programs and minimising patient refusal to have samples taken. Improvements in specificity have reduced the need for confirmation tests in many cases, under the premise of compliance with quality standards. They also allow to identify pathogens that culture techniques are unable to recover. Moreover, diagnostic platforms are increasingly simple, versatile and available in multiplex format, facilitating work inside and outside the laboratory (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/diagnosis , Molecular Biology/methods , Sensitivity and Specificity , Mycoplasma Infections/diagnosis , Mycoplasma Infections/microbiology , Neisseria gonorrhoeae/isolation & purification , Chlamydia trachomatis/isolation & purification , Syphilis Serodiagnosis/methods , Syphilis/diagnosis , Syphilis/microbiology , Granuloma Inguinale/microbiology , Chancroid/microbiology , Herpes Genitalis/microbiology , Trichomonas Infections/microbiology , Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/microbiologyABSTRACT
A 45-year-old farmer presented with ulcers and plaques over his scrotum for the past 4 to 5 years. The condition started as a small lesion on the shaft of the penis, which improved with treatment; however, after 2 to 3 months, papulonodular lesions developed on the scrotum, which increased in size and subsequently broke down to form ulcers. He denied drug abuse but had a history of multiple unprotected sexual exposures. He was prescribed oral antibiotics, which improved the lesions, but he failed to take the antibiotics for more than a week. He also used powders, lotions, and salves (exact nature not known), which did not help and sometimes even burned the skin. After stopping the medicine, he developed new lesions that followed a similar course. Examination revealed nontender ulcers on the scrotum with raised, rolled-out margins and pale red, granulation tissue that bled on touch (Figure 1). In addition, there were nodules with a pinkish red granular surface and scaly erythematous plaques on the scrotum. Regional lymph nodes were not enlarged.
