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1.
BMJ Case Rep ; 17(4)2024 Apr 16.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38627050

ABSTRACT

Infective endocarditis (IE) caused by Haemophilus parainfluenzae is a rare but serious condition if not diagnosed and treated promptly. In this article, we describe a patient with H. parainfluenzae IE who initially presented with non-specific symptoms but subsequently developed multiple sequelae of IE. The diagnosis of IE was made based on clinical, echocardiographic, radiological and microbiological findings. He was treated successfully with a mitral valve replacement along with 4 weeks of intravenous antibiotic therapy. Our case highlights the importance of obtaining a thorough history and a complete physical examination to ensure an early diagnosis of IE.


Subject(s)
Endocarditis, Bacterial , Endocarditis , Haemophilus Infections , Male , Humans , Haemophilus parainfluenzae , Haemophilus Infections/complications , Haemophilus Infections/diagnosis , Haemophilus Infections/drug therapy , Endocarditis, Bacterial/complications , Endocarditis, Bacterial/diagnosis , Endocarditis, Bacterial/drug therapy , Endocarditis/microbiology , Echocardiography
3.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis ; 106(4): 115990, 2023 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37285647

ABSTRACT

Mycoplasma amphoriforme is a novel specie which was discovered in 2003 and associated with congenital immune deficiency. It has been described as an underlying cause of bronchopneumonia. There is limited description of the in vitro sensitivities. In this article, we present the first description of M. amphoriforme as the causative agent of diffuse panbronchiolitis in a patient with X-linked hypogammaglobulinema and bronchiectasis, with symptoms improved by treatment with azithromycin. We also describe the difficulty obtaining this organism through routine culture and the need to consider culture independent methods of recovery when the suspicion is high.


Subject(s)
Bronchiolitis , Haemophilus Infections , Mycoplasma , Humans , Bronchiolitis/complications , Bronchiolitis/diagnosis , Bronchiolitis/drug therapy , Haemophilus Infections/diagnosis , Haemophilus Infections/drug therapy
5.
Pediatr Rev ; 44(7): 422-424, 2023 07 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37391629
6.
Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban ; 48(3): 330-338, 2023 Mar 28.
Article in English, Chinese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37164916

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) is a chronic airway inflammation with low specificity and its diagnosis is often missed or delayed. This study aims to summarize the clinical characteristics and treatment of DPB in order to improve the understanding and diagnosis of the disease. METHODS: The clinical data of 32 DPB patients were collected, analyzed and summarized from March 1, 2013 to March 1, 2022 in the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. The basic information, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, pulmonary function, imaging tests, treatment, and regression of patients were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 32 patients were enrolled in the final analysis, with a male-to-female ratio at 1.67. The median age at symptom onset was 26.5 (11.0-69.0) years, and the median age of diagnosis was 47.5 (16.0-77.0) years. All patients presented with chronic cough and copious sputum production. A total of 26 patients had post activity shortness of breath and 14 patients had a positive result (blood cold agglutination test titer≥1꞉64). Pulmonary function examination was performed in 31 patients, 18 patients showed mixed pulmonary ventilation dysfunction, 12 patients showed obstructive pulmonary ventilation, and 1 patient had normal pulmonary ventilation function. A total of 31 patients had a bilateral, diffuse, small nodule pattern on chest CT. All patients were treated with macrolides. A total of 31 patients showed improvement, and 20 patients showed improvement in partial pressure of oxygen and blood oxygen saturation compared with before at discharge. A total of 12 patients were re-examined by chest CT after completing macrolides treatment, 6 cases showed less diffuse nodules, 5 cases showed no significant changes, and 1 case showed more diffuse nodules, which indicated the disease progression. Seven patients received pulmonary function tests after completing macrolides treatment, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and FEV1/forced vital capacitywere improved, but forced expiratory flow at 25% of vital capacity did not change significantly. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical manifestations of DPB are nonspecific. Early diagnosis and treatment are very important for the prognosis of patients.


Subject(s)
Bronchiolitis , Haemophilus Infections , Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Bronchiolitis/diagnosis , Bronchiolitis/drug therapy , Lung/diagnostic imaging , Haemophilus Infections/diagnosis , Haemophilus Infections/drug therapy , Macrolides/therapeutic use , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
7.
Pediatr Infect Dis J ; 42(9): e336-e340, 2023 09 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37235760

ABSTRACT

We report a healthy 5-year-old boy without apparent risk factors who developed septic arthritis of the hip from Haemohilus parainfluenzae infection. A literature review revealed only 4 pediatric cases of osteoarticular infection caused by this pathogen. To our knowledge, our case may be the first pediatric case of septic arthritis of the hip caused by H. parainfluenzae .


Subject(s)
Arthritis, Infectious , Haemophilus Infections , Male , Humans , Child , Child, Preschool , Haemophilus parainfluenzae , Haemophilus Infections/diagnosis , Haemophilus Infections/drug therapy , Risk Factors , Arthritis, Infectious/diagnosis , Arthritis, Infectious/drug therapy
8.
Laryngoscope ; 133(10): 2747-2750, 2023 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36929847

ABSTRACT

Epiglottitis is a bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract that can be rapidly progressive and life-threatening. Though predominantly seen in unvaccinated children, there seems to be a shift with the incidence of adult cases rising following the Haemophilus Influenza B (HiB) vaccine. There are several reports of epiglottitis manifesting as an abscess, but few cases report on the formation of an emphysematous abscess. Additionally, little is known on the bacterial etiology of such infections. Here, we present a case of a patient found to have acute emphysematous epiglottis managed with fiberoptic intubation, drainage, and culture of the abscess. Laryngoscope, 133:2747-2750, 2023.


Subject(s)
Epiglottitis , Haemophilus Infections , Child , Adult , Humans , Haemophilus Infections/complications , Haemophilus Infections/diagnosis , Epiglottitis/complications , Epiglottitis/diagnosis , Epiglottitis/therapy , Abscess/complications , Acute Disease , Incidence
9.
Leg Med (Tokyo) ; 62: 102240, 2023 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36958272

ABSTRACT

Haemophilus influenzae can be divided into typeable and non-typeable strains. Although non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is less likely to be a fatal bacterium, invasive NTHi infection has been reported to increase worldwide. This study presents a case of sudden death of a child with invasive NTHi infection and underlying immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) deficiency. A two years seven months male child with a high fever was found unresponsive in bed, lying face down on a soft pillow. Later, the hospital declared the subject dead. An autopsy revealed that the only noteworthy finding was tissue congestion. The histopathological findings disclosed neutrophils within blood vessels of major organs. Meanwhile, the formation of the micro abscess was not visible, which indicated bacteremia. The bacterial blood culture was positive for Haemophilus Influenzae. Polymerase chain reaction assay revealed the absence of an entire capsule locus. The transmission electron microscopy showed that the colonies did not have polysaccharide capsules. Based on the above findings, the strain was identified as NTHi. Furthermore, the value of serum IgG2 was deficient, indicating the presence of IgG2 subclass deficiency. The subject eventually died from asphyxia by smothering due to a comorbid condition with a high fever brought on by NTHi-induced bacteremia and lying face down. IgG2 subclass deficiency contributed to the development of invasive NTHi infection. The invasive NTHi infection might present a risk of sudden death, particularly for immunocompromised children. As forensic pathologists and pediatricians may encounter such a problematic clinical condition, they should be aware of this.


Subject(s)
Haemophilus Infections , Haemophilus influenzae , IgG Deficiency , Child, Preschool , Humans , Male , Death, Sudden/etiology , Haemophilus Infections/diagnosis , Haemophilus influenzae/isolation & purification , IgG Deficiency/blood , IgG Deficiency/diagnosis
11.
J Immunol Methods ; 507: 113306, 2022 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35705121

ABSTRACT

We developed a salivary assay for the detection of naturally acquired IgA antibody against Haemophilus influenzae type a (Hia) capsular polysaccharide in healthy Indigenous children from Northwestern Ontario, Canada. Hia-specific IgA antibody was detected in the saliva of 93% of Indigenous children aged 2-7 years.


Subject(s)
Haemophilus Infections , Antibodies, Bacterial , Child , Haemophilus Infections/diagnosis , Haemophilus influenzae , Humans , Immunoglobulin A , Infant , Saliva
12.
Indian J Med Microbiol ; 40(3): 436-439, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35680475

ABSTRACT

Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae) causes invasive disease like bacteremia which is rarely diagnosed. We conducted this retrospective study of H. influenzae bacteremia diagnosed between January 2016 and December 2020. Nineteen patients were identified. Majority were children ≤5 years of age (84.2%), inpatients (89.5%), males (78.9%) and admitted in ICUs (26.6%). The most common underlying primary diagnosis was malignancy. These isolates were most susceptible to carbapenems (100%) followed by cefotaxime (83.3%) and ampicillin (82.4%). The overall mortality rate was 33.3%. Increased mortality resulted in those admitted in ICUs with H. influenzae bacteremia episode along with polymicrobial/co-isolates infection.


Subject(s)
Bacteremia , Haemophilus Infections , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Bacteremia/diagnosis , Cefotaxime , Child , Haemophilus Infections/diagnosis , Haemophilus Infections/epidemiology , Haemophilus influenzae , Humans , Male , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Retrospective Studies
13.
Trop Med Int Health ; 27(6): 546-552, 2022 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35477947

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To conduct the first pre-Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) type b (Hib) immunisation programme-based epidemiological study using national health data. METHODS: We analysed National Health Security Office data, which cover 72% of the Thai population. The study population included children aged <18 years admitted for Hi disease from 2015 to 2019. Hi disease diagnosis and death were based on the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (10th revision) hospital discharge summary codes. We estimated the hospital cost per admission using diagnosis-related grouping with a global budget. RESULTS: A total of 1125 children aged <18 years were admitted for Hi disease. During the 5-year-study, the annual incidence of Hi disease varied from 1.5 to 1.9 per 100,000 children, with an overall case fatality rate (CFR) of 2%. Pneumonia was the most common clinical form, followed by meningitis and sepsis. The incidence, clinical forms and severity of Hi disease were age specific. Infant CFR was higher than that of other age groups. The incidence of Hi disease in children aged <5 years was 4.9 per 100,000 (CFR = 2.0%). Sepsis was the primary cause of infant death, whereas pneumonia was the cause of death in children aged >5 years. The hospital cost ranged from 25,000 to 30,000 THB per admission. CONCLUSIONS: This analysis provided epidemiological data of Hi in Thai children before the Hib routine immunisation programme. The incidence of Hi disease was lower than that previously speculated. Our results could facilitate an assessment of the impact of Hib immunisation programme in Thailand.


Subject(s)
Haemophilus Infections , Haemophilus influenzae type b , Pneumonia , Sepsis , Child , Data Analysis , Haemophilus Infections/diagnosis , Haemophilus Infections/epidemiology , Haemophilus Infections/prevention & control , Haemophilus influenzae , Humans , Immunization Programs , Incidence , Infant , Pneumonia/epidemiology , Thailand/epidemiology
14.
Sci Rep ; 12(1): 326, 2022 01 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35013351

ABSTRACT

Lack of rapid and comprehensive microbiological diagnosis in patients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP) hampers appropriate antimicrobial therapy. This study evaluates the real-world performance of the BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia panel plus (FAP plus) and explores the feasibility of evaluation in a randomised controlled trial. Patients presenting to hospital with suspected CAP were recruited in a prospective feasibility study. An induced sputum or an endotracheal aspirate was obtained from all participants. The FAP plus turnaround time (TAT) and microbiological yield were compared with standard diagnostic methods (SDs). 96/104 (92%) enrolled patients had a respiratory tract infection (RTI); 72 CAP and 24 other RTIs. Median TAT was shorter for the FAP plus, compared with in-house PCR (2.6 vs 24.1 h, p < 0.001) and sputum cultures (2.6 vs 57.5 h, p < 0.001). The total microbiological yield by the FAP plus was higher compared to SDs (91% (162/179) vs 55% (99/179), p < 0.0001). Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and influenza A virus were the most frequent pathogens. In conclusion, molecular panel testing in adults with CAP was associated with a significant reduction in time to actionable results and increased microbiological yield. The impact on antibiotic use and patient outcome should be assessed in randomised controlled trials.


Subject(s)
Community-Acquired Infections/diagnosis , Haemophilus Infections/diagnosis , Haemophilus influenzae/genetics , Influenza A virus/genetics , Influenza, Human/diagnosis , Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction , Pneumococcal Infections/diagnosis , Pneumonia, Bacterial/diagnosis , Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis , Streptococcus pneumoniae/genetics , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Clinical Decision-Making , Community-Acquired Infections/drug therapy , Community-Acquired Infections/microbiology , Community-Acquired Infections/virology , Feasibility Studies , Female , Haemophilus Infections/drug therapy , Haemophilus Infections/microbiology , Humans , Influenza, Human/drug therapy , Influenza, Human/virology , Male , Middle Aged , Pneumococcal Infections/drug therapy , Pneumococcal Infections/microbiology , Pneumonia, Bacterial/drug therapy , Pneumonia, Bacterial/microbiology , Pneumonia, Viral/drug therapy , Pneumonia, Viral/virology , Predictive Value of Tests , Prospective Studies , Reproducibility of Results
15.
Pediatr Emerg Care ; 38(2): e501-e502, 2022 Feb 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33086360

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: Infective uvulitis is a rare condition in children. In this report, we describe the case of a 4-year old-patient who presented a group A Streptococcus pharyngitis with uvulitis. No signs of epiglottitis were detected at nasal fibroscopy. She recovered rapidly with intravenous antibiotic therapy and 2 days of corticosteroid. Uvulitis is usually caused by group A Streptococcus or Haemophilus influentiae, but also other bacteria can be detected. Uvulitis can be isolated, or it can occur with epiglottitis and become an emergency.


Subject(s)
Epiglottitis , Haemophilus Infections , Pharyngitis , Stomatitis , Child , Child, Preschool , Epiglottitis/diagnosis , Epiglottitis/drug therapy , Female , Haemophilus Infections/diagnosis , Haemophilus Infections/drug therapy , Humans , Streptococcus pyogenes , Uvula
17.
Can J Cardiol ; 38(1): 126-128, 2022 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34619338

ABSTRACT

Coronary artery embolization is an unusual complication following infective endocarditis (IE) surgery. A 43-year-old woman developed an anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) with acute left anterior descending artery occlusion due to septic emboli during the immediate postoperative period following minimally invasive mitral valve repair for IE. It was successfully treated with thromboaspiration and balloon angioplasty. Coronary septic emboli should be part of the differential diagnosis in patients presenting with STEMI during the early postoperative period for IE.


Subject(s)
Coronary Occlusion/surgery , Endocarditis/complications , Haemophilus Infections/complications , Mitral Valve/surgery , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/methods , ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/surgery , Sepsis/complications , Adult , Coronary Angiography , Coronary Occlusion/complications , Coronary Occlusion/diagnosis , Coronary Vessels/diagnostic imaging , Coronary Vessels/surgery , Endocarditis/diagnosis , Endocarditis/microbiology , Female , Haemophilus/isolation & purification , Haemophilus Infections/diagnosis , Haemophilus Infections/microbiology , Heart Valve Diseases/surgery , Humans , ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis , ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/etiology , Sepsis/microbiology
18.
Ann Vasc Surg ; 79: 442.e1-442.e4, 2022 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34655753

ABSTRACT

Mycotic aneurysms arise from infection of an arterial wall secondary to septic emboli from endocarditis. Although rare, most mycotic aneurysms involve the abdominal aorta, with Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella spp being the most common causative organisms. We report a case of an 81-year-old woman with a ruptured mycotic popliteal aneurysm from Haemophilus influenzae infection.


Subject(s)
Aneurysm, Infected/microbiology , Aneurysm, Ruptured/microbiology , Haemophilus Infections/microbiology , Haemophilus influenzae/pathogenicity , Popliteal Artery/microbiology , Aged, 80 and over , Aneurysm, Infected/diagnostic imaging , Aneurysm, Infected/surgery , Aneurysm, Ruptured/diagnostic imaging , Aneurysm, Ruptured/surgery , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Debridement , Female , Haemophilus Infections/complications , Haemophilus Infections/diagnosis , Haemophilus Infections/surgery , Humans , Popliteal Artery/diagnostic imaging , Popliteal Artery/surgery , Suture Techniques , Treatment Outcome , Vascular Surgical Procedures
19.
Intern Med ; 60(23): 3779-3783, 2021 Dec 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34148951

ABSTRACT

A 58-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) visited our hospital complaining of a persistent cough and sputum for the past year. She had a high cold hemagglutinin titer and chronic sinusitis. Chest computed tomography revealed bilateral diffuse centrilobular nodules, bronchiectasis, and bronchial wall thickening. A surgical lung biopsy was performed that confirmed diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) because of the lymphocytic and plasmacytic infiltrates in the respiratory bronchioles. Her condition improved after the administration of clarithromycin. Several cases of RA complicating DPB have previously been reported, but only in Japan. We need to consider DPB as a bronchiolitis types accompanying RA among Japanese patients.


Subject(s)
Arthritis, Rheumatoid , Bronchiolitis , Haemophilus Infections , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/complications , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/diagnosis , Bronchiolitis/diagnosis , Bronchiolitis/diagnostic imaging , Female , Haemophilus Infections/complications , Haemophilus Infections/diagnosis , Humans , Lung , Middle Aged
20.
Biomed Res Int ; 2021: 5588855, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33937398

ABSTRACT

To construct a protein fingerprint database of Haemophilus parasuis (H. parasuis), thus improving its clinical diagnosis efficiency. A total of 15 H. parasuis standard strains were collected to establish a protein fingerprint database of H. parasuis using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), and the effects of different culture media and culture time on the quality and identification results of the protein fingerprint were investigated. The results showed that tryptone soy agar (TSA) and tryptone soy broth (TSB) media and different incubation times had no significant effect on the characteristic peaks of the protein profiles. In addition, 18 clinical isolates were used to compare the identification results of the self-built protein fingerprint database, PCR detection, and basic database. Only one strain was identified in the original VITEK-MS system database, while the self-made protein fingerprint database of H. parasuis was 100% accurate for the detection of 18 clinical isolate strains. The protein fingerprint database of H. parasuis built by our laboratory is suitable for rapid clinical diagnosis of H. parasuis, due to its high accuracy, efficiency, and strong specificity.


Subject(s)
Haemophilus Infections , Haemophilus parasuis , Peptide Mapping/methods , Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization/methods , Swine Diseases , Animals , Haemophilus Infections/diagnosis , Haemophilus Infections/microbiology , Haemophilus parasuis/chemistry , Haemophilus parasuis/classification , Haemophilus parasuis/isolation & purification , Swine , Swine Diseases/diagnosis , Swine Diseases/microbiology
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