Subject(s)
Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis/diagnosis , Hemorrhage/etiology , Lung Diseases/etiology , Pulmonary Alveoli/pathology , Cough , Diagnosis, Differential , Emergency Service, Hospital , Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis/complications , Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis/drug therapy , Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Hemorrhage/diet therapy , Humans , Lung Diseases/diagnosis , Lung Diseases/drug therapy , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Injuries of the spleen in blunt abdominal trauma are common and can lead to fatal bleeding. The diagnostic of choice to determine severity and treatment is usually made in contrast-enhanced CT. In our case we used contrast-enhanced ultrasound to identify the origin of an intra-abdominal bleeding following a minor trauma in a patient with splenomegaly due to an Epstein-Barr virus infection.
Subject(s)
Abdominal Injuries/complications , Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/complications , Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging , Spleen/diagnostic imaging , Splenomegaly/etiology , Wounds, Nonpenetrating/complications , Abdominal Injuries/diagnostic imaging , Adolescent , Contrast Media , Hemorrhage/diet therapy , Hemorrhage/etiology , Humans , Male , Spleen/injuries , Splenomegaly/diagnostic imaging , Treatment Outcome , Wounds, Nonpenetrating/diagnostic imagingABSTRACT
The common bile duct-ligated (CBDL) rat, which is widely used as a model of human cirrhosis, rapidly develops secondary biliary cirrhosis (SBC) within 4 weeks. The CBDL rat shows poor viability, however, a detailed examination of the causes of its death has not been made. In this study, we investigated the outcome of bile duct ligation in detail and attempted to extend the life span of this model by feeding the animals a diet supplemented with nutrients. Survival rate, blood chemistry, blood cell counts, plasma levels of K vitamins and liver histology were compared among CBDL rats fed a standard diet and an enriched diet. Sham-operated rats were used as a control. Six out of 18 CBDL rats fed the standard diet died within 32 days of operation. The cause of death was massive internal hemorrhage in various organs or body cavities. All CBDL rats fed the enriched diet survived more than 31 days, but the viability of CBDL rats was not significant between those fed the standard diet and the enriched diet. The degree of anemia correlated significantly with the prolongation of prothrombin time. Plasma vitamin K1 levels in CBDL rats were significantly lower than those in sham-operated rats, but vitamin K2 levels were similar. We suggest that massive hemorrhage, which was the direct cause of death, is caused by the impairment of hemostasis resulting from vitamin K deficiency. The enriched diet with vitamin K nutritional supplements seemed to contribute to the prolongation of the life span of CBDL rats.
Subject(s)
Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary/blood , Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary/etiology , Vitamin K 1/blood , Animals , Disease Models, Animal , Hemorrhage/diet therapy , Hemorrhage/etiology , Hemostasis , Ligation/adverse effects , Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary/diet therapy , Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary/mortality , Male , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Survival Rate , Vitamin K/administration & dosage , Vitamin K 2/blood , Vitamin K Deficiency/complications , Vitamin K Deficiency/physiopathologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this study is to assess prospectively the effect of fiber additions on internal bleeding hemorrhoids. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty patients with bleeding internal hemorrhoids are studied and randomized in two groups. Patients in the study group were treated with a commercially available preparation of Plantago Ovata and those in the control group were treated with a placebo. Endoscopy was performed on every patient before and after treatment to establish: a) the degree of hemorrhoidal prolapse, b) the number of congested hemorrhoidal cushions and c) contact bleeding hemorrhoids. RESULTS: During the 15 days of treatment, the average number of bleeding episodes was 4.8 +/- 3.8 for the study group versus 6.4 +/- 3 for the control group (n.s.). During the following 15 days, it decreased to 3.1 +/- 2.7 in the study group versus 5.5 +/- 3.2 (p < 0.05) in the control group and in the last 10 days of treatment a further reduction to 1.1 +/- 1.4 was found in the study group versus 5.5 +/- 2.9 (p < 0.001). The number of congested hemorrhoidal cushions diminished from 2.6 +/- 1 to 1.6 +/- 2.2 after fiber treatment (p < 0.01) and no differences were found in the control group. In the fiber group, hemorrhoids bled on contact in 5 out of 22 patients before treatment and in none after treatment; no differences were found in the control group. No modification of the degree of prolapse was observed after treatment. CONCLUSION: Addition of dietary fiber may improve internal bleeding hemorrhoids although with no immediate effect. Fiber addition should be ensured in patients who refuse invasive treatment, waiting for a more defined form of treatment, or with contraindications.
Subject(s)
Dietary Fiber/administration & dosage , Hemorrhage/diet therapy , Hemorrhoids/diet therapy , Rectal Diseases/diet therapy , Adult , Female , Hemorrhage/etiology , Hemorrhoids/complications , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Rectal Diseases/etiologyABSTRACT
The hematic level of ascorbic acid was significantly lower with respect to that of healthy subjects in 55 patients with hemorrhagic ocular diseases. Experiments on albino guinea pigs showed that an induced hypovitaminosis C (2 weeks of scorbutigenic diet followed by a maintenance dose of 0,5 mg of ascorbic acid) caused the appearance of widespread retina hemorrhages and a significant decrease of the blood ascorbate levels with respect to the control groups. The present results suggest that a prolonged insufficient dietary intake of ascorbic acid may give rise to hemorrhagic ocular pathologies in humans.
