ABSTRACT
Sosnowsky's hogweed (Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden.) is a genus of plants in the family Apiaceae which also includes Giant Hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum Sommier and Levier). They are both found in Central Europe, mainly in neglected green areas or riversides. Sosnowsky's hogweed was brought to Poland from the Soviet Union in the 1950s to be used in animal feed production. Intended goals couldn't be achieved and the plant spread throughout grounds distant to the primarily cultivated lands. Sosnowsky's hogweed is especially hazardous in direct contact with human skin. It results from the content of photoallergic substances called furanocoumarins in its essential oil. Clinically it is presented as burns, mainly of 2nd and 3rd degree. They mostly occur on the face, upper and lower limbs. Typical symptoms include pain, redness, swelling and heat in the area of exposure. Their extent depends on burn's depth and area and also on time of exposure to plant's toxins. In this article we present Sosnowsky's hogweed's activity and its influence on human health.
Subject(s)
Furocoumarins/toxicity , Heracleum/chemistry , Photosensitizing Agents/toxicity , Sunburn/etiology , Furocoumarins/adverse effects , Heracleum/toxicity , Humans , Photosensitizing Agents/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Acute photodermatitis provoked by skin contact with giant hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum) and exposure to ultraviolet radiation is a rare cause of phytophotodermatitis in children. We report the case of a 10-year-old girl with extensive photodermatitis after contact with giant hogweed and prolonged exposure to sunlight. The lesions involved 10% of the body surface area, mainly the lower extremities. After initial application of topical steroids to the skin erythema, the topical approach was changed due to extensive bullae. Debridement and temporary wound closure with an adequate dressing was undertaken. This is the first case report of application of Suprathel (PolyMedics Innovations, Denkendorf, Germany) on a phytophototoxic burn-like wound with a favorable outcome.
Subject(s)
Burns, Chemical/etiology , Dermatitis, Phototoxic/etiology , Heracleum/toxicity , Bandages , Burns, Chemical/diagnosis , Burns, Chemical/therapy , Child , Debridement , Dermatitis, Phototoxic/diagnosis , Dermatitis, Phototoxic/therapy , Female , Humans , Polyesters/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Exposure to giant hogweed brings about the risk of serious skin damage, usually in the form of phytophotodermatitis. Initially, skin changes are signaled by a burning sensation, followed by a vesiculobullous rash and long-term hyperpigmentation. Usually, skin disorders improve after the application of topical and oral corticosteroids. In extremely rare instances, full skin thickness burns or epidermal necrosis occur. The study presents a case of occupational exposure to hogweed, which resulted in extensive skin lesions leading to the disablement of a 27-year-old man. The principles of procedure to be followed when contact with giant hogweed is an occupational hazard are also outlined.
Subject(s)
Bacterial Infections/complications , Dermatitis, Phototoxic/complications , Hand Dermatoses/chemically induced , Heracleum/toxicity , Leg Dermatoses/chemically induced , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Skin/pathology , Adult , Amputation, Surgical , Humans , Leg Dermatoses/etiology , Male , Necrosis/chemically induced , Necrosis/surgeryABSTRACT
Heracleum Sosnowskyi was discovered in 1772 and described as a separate species in 1944 by I. P. Mandenova. Its name is derived from the surname of a botanist studying Caucasian flora, Prof. D.I. Sosnowski. In the area of the Caucasus foothills, the plant reaches approximately 1-1,5 m in height, whereas in Poland its size is significantly larger, up to 3-3.5 m. Heracleum blooms from mid-June to the end of July. The flowers are arranged in umbels and last for 2-3 weeks. In Central Europe, the species colonizes mostly neglected green areas, ruins and riversides. Heracleum poses a serious threat to the human population due to its photoallergic properties, resulting from the presence of intensely toxic furanocoumarin in its sap. Furanocoumarins are found in small hairs that cover the leaves and stem, and are the components of the essential oil. They may penetrate the skin through the epithelial layer, posing a direct threat to human health. Contact with the plant, followed by sun exposure, may lead to the development of large blisters and symptoms of burns. Heracleum, in the event of consumption, is also harmful to farm animals, causing, among others, internal bleeding and diarrhea. Although the toxic properties of Heracleum have been known for many years, every summer people who had contact with the plant present at physicians of different medical specialties.
Subject(s)
Allergens/toxicity , Furocoumarins/toxicity , Heracleum/growth & development , Heracleum/toxicity , Oils, Volatile/toxicity , Allergens/chemistry , Dermatitis, Photoallergic/etiology , Dermatitis, Photoallergic/pathology , Dermatitis, Photoallergic/physiopathology , Dermatitis, Photoallergic/veterinary , Furocoumarins/chemistry , Furocoumarins/immunology , Heracleum/immunology , Oils, Volatile/chemistry , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Plant Leaves/toxicity , Plant Stems/chemistry , Plant Stems/toxicity , PolandABSTRACT
This is a case report of two children who presented with a widespread bullous erythematous rash secondary to exposure to the hogweed plant.
