Subject(s)
Cough/etiology , Exploratory Behavior , Fuel Oils/poisoning , Hydrocarbons, Acyclic/poisoning , Pneumonia, Aspiration/therapy , Cough/therapy , Diagnosis, Differential , Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation/methods , Humans , Infant , Male , Pneumonia, Aspiration/chemically induced , Pneumonia, Aspiration/diagnostic imaging , Poisoning/therapy , Radiography , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Poisonings with industrial products represent approximately 7% of the cases reported to the poison centres. Ingestion of petroleum distillates induces irritation of the gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system depression and aspiration pneumonitis which may be severe; treatment is mainly supportive. Ethylene and diethylene glycol poisonings produce central nervous system depression, anion gap metabolic acidosis, osmolar gap and acute tubular necrosis; in severe cases, hypocalcaemia, cerebral oedema and heart failure may be observed; treatment often associates supportive measures, haemodialysis and administration of competitive inhibitors of alcohol dehydrogenase (ethanol or 4-methylpyrazole). Glycol ethers induce central nervous system depression and metabolic acidosis; in addition, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether produces haemolysis; monomethyl and monoethyl ethers are responsible for bone marrow and lymphoid organ toxicity, they adversely affect spermatogenesis and are teratogens.
