Gestión del trabajo: implicaciones para el cuidado en la Atención Primaria de Salud / Gestão do trabalho: implicações para o cuidado na Atenção Primária à Saúde / Work management: implications for care in Primary Health Care

Objetivo: Describir las implicaciones de la gestión del trabajo en el cuidado en la Atención Primaria a la Salud. Método: Investigación cualitativa, un estudio de caso. La unidad de análisis fue una Unidad de Salud Familiar de un municipio de Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Se realizaron observaciones, entrevistas con los trabajadores y usuarios e ivestigaciones en documentos y en registros. El periodo de la colecta de datos fue de febrero a julio de 2012 y el análisis conforme orientación de estudio de caso. Resultados: La gestión de la unidad se caracterizó por la falta de escucha y singularidad con el equipo y autoritarismo; el equipo se sintió abandonado por la gestión y las Agentes Comunitarias de Salud por las enfermeras. Hubo discontinuidad en el cuidado. Discusión: La gestión en salud necesita pautar el tema de la autonomía y responsabilidad del trabajador. La no responsabilización es un efecto de la postmodernidad. La gestión del trabajo está relacionada con la continuidad del cuidado. Conclusiones: Los conceptos de pluralidad humana y de potencial de poder pueden ayudar en la construcción de ambientes de trabajo más humanos. Se apunta a la integración con la comunidad (AU)

Objetivo: descrever as implicações da gestão do trabalho no cuidado na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, um estudo de caso. A unidade de análise foi uma Unidade de Saúde da Família de um município do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foram realizadas observações, entrevistas com os trabalhadores e usuários e pesquisas em documentos e em registros. O período de coleta de dados foi fevereiro a julho de 2012 e a análise conforme orientação de estudo de caso. Resultados: a gestão da unidade caracterizou-se pela falta de escuta e singularidade com a equipe e autoritarismo; a equipe sente-se abandonada pela gestão e as Agentes Comunitárias de Saúde pelas enfermeiras. Há descontinuidade no cuidado. Discussão: a gestão na saúde precisa pautar o tema da autonomia e responsabilidade do trabalhador. A não responsabilização é um efeito da pós-modernidade. A gestão do trabalho está relacionada com a continuidade do cuidado. Conclusões: os conceitos de pluralidade humana e de potencial de poder podem auxiliar na construção de ambientes de trabalhos mais humanos. Aponta-se para a integração com a comunidade como caminho para a transformação da realidade. A pesquisa pela temática deve responsabilizar-se pela produção de saúde e pelo outro, individual ou coletivamente

Objective: To describe the implications of the management of care work in Primary Health Care. Methods: Qualitative research, a case study. The unit of analysis was one of the Family Health Unit of a city in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Observations, interviews with workers and users and research documents and records were made. The data collection period was from February to July 2012 and as directed analysis of a case study. Results: unit management was characterized by lack of listening and uniqueness with the staff and authoritarianism, the team feels abandoned by management and the Community Health Agents by nurses. There is discontinuity in care. Discussion: Managing health needs guided the theme of autonomy and responsibility of the employee. The accountability is not an effect of post modernity. The management of labor is related to continuity of care. Conclusions: The concepts of human plurality and potential power can assist in building a more humane work environment. It looks to the integration with the community as a way to transform reality. The search for the theme should be responsible for the production of health and the other, individually or collectively (AU)

Personality, relationship conflict, and teamwork-related mental models.

This study seeks to explore whether neuroticism, agreeableness, and conscientiousness moderate the influence of relationship conflict experienced in groups on changes in group members' evaluative cognitions related to teamwork quality (teamwork-related mental models). Data from 216 students, nested in 48 groups were analyzed using a multilevel modeling approach. Our results show that the experience of relationship conflict leads to a negative shift from the pre-task to the post-task teamwork-related mental models. Moreover, the results indicate that conscientiousness buffered the negative association between relationship conflict and the change in teamwork-related mental models. Our results did not support the hypothesized moderating effect of agreeableness and show that the detrimental effect of relationship conflict on the shift in teamwork-related mental models is accentuated for group members scoring low rather than high on neuroticism. These findings open new research venues for exploring the association between personality, coping styles and change in teamwork-related mental models.

Machiavellianism in health care explored: differences in aspiring managers and patient care professionals.

Complex economic factors require health care professionals to possess multiple skills. Although controversial, some characteristics associated with Machiavellianism may be needed for the maintenance of organizational solvency. A study was conducted to determine the differences between aspiring health care managers and patient care professionals regarding Machiavellian tendencies. The results of the study indicate a significant mix of Machiavellian traits exists within both groups and that these need to be both cultivated and controlled. Efforts should be made to increase some Machiavellian tendencies such as risk taking and creativity while extinguishing counterproductive traits that lead to unethical decision making.

Autoeficacia para el Liderazgo Emprendedor. Adaptación y Validación de la Escala CESE en España / Entrepreneurial leadership self-efficacy. Adaptation and Validation of CESE Scale in Spain

Este estudio tiene como objetivo adaptar a nuestro idioma y validar la escala de autoeficacia para el liderazgo emprendedor (Corporate Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy Scale, CESE) en una muestra de más de doscientos directivos y mandos intermedios españoles. Esta escala fue desarrollada originalmente por Ehrlich, De Noble y Singh (2005) para medir las habilidades necesarias en el liderazgo y gestión de equipos, así como en la comunicación con los accionistas y grupos internos de interés para obtener apoyo y recursos de la organización para desarrollar nuevos proyectos innovadores. Los resultados obtenidos, a través de la técnica PLS (Partial Least Square), permiten confirman la validez y fiabilidad de la versión española de la escala CESE para evaluar las principales habilidades y actividades necesarias para liderar iniciativas emprendedoras dentro de la organización (AU)

This study aims to adapt and validate a Spanish-language version of the Corporate Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy (CESE) scale in a sample of more than two hundred Spanish managers and middle managers. This scale was originally developed by Ehrlich, De Noble and Singh (2005) in order to measure the skills needed for leading and managing teams and communicating with internal stakeholders to obtain support and corporate resources to develop new innovative projects. The results obtained, using Partial Least Square (PLS) technique, allow confirming that the Spanish version of CESE scale has a high reliability and validity to measure the main skills and activities necessaries to lead entrepreneurial initiatives inside the organization (AU)

Autoeficacia en profesores universitarios: cómo desarrollar una escala específica / Self-efficacy among university faculty: how to develop an adjusted scale

El objetivo de este estudio fue mostrar el procedimiento llevado a cabo para desarrollar una escala que midiese la autoeficacia específica en un dominio, por ejemplo, en el personal docente e investigador de la universidad, siguiendo las recomendaciones de la Teoría Social Cognitiva de Albert Bandura. La escala creada considera el triple perfil laboral de los profesores universitarios (docencia, investigación y gestión). Mediante el uso del análisis factorial confirmatorio en una muestra de 166 profesores universitarios, encontramos un ajuste superior en el modelo de tres factores que se corresponden con el triple perfil laboral. Además, hemos encontrado diferencias significativas en la autoeficacia para la investigación en el nivel de formación académica, a medida que el nivel de educación académica aumenta, la autoeficacia también lo hace. Por último, son discutidas las implicaciones teóricas y prácticas, las limitaciones del estudio y las futuras investigaciones (AU)

The aim of this study was to describe the procedure carried out to develop a scale to measure specific self-efficacy in one particular domain, i.e. university faculty, following the recommendations from Social Cognitive Theory by Albert Bandura. The scale that was created considers the triple work profile of university faculty (i.e. teaching, research and management). By using confirmatory factor analyses in a sample of 166 university faculty members, we found a superior fit for the three factor model that corresponded with their triple work profile. Moreover, we found significant differences in research self-efficacy at the level of academic education: as the level of academic education increases, self-efficacy also increases. Finally, theoretical and practical implications, limitations of the study and future research are also discussed (AU)

Trabalho em equipe na perspectiva da gerência de serviços de saúde: instrumentos para a construção da prática interprofissional / Team work under the perspective of health services management: instruments for the construction of inter-professional practice

Estuda-se a contribuição da ação gerencial para a promoção da prática interprofissional. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, realizada em 21 serviços públicos de saúde de uma região de São Paulo, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com 21 gerentes (diretores) e utiliza-se a técnica de análise temática. Como resultado, para promover o trabalho em equipe, os gerentes lançam mão dos instrumentos: comunicação, construção do compromisso das equipes e dos trabalhadores com o projeto institucional, estímulo à autonomia das equipes, definição de responsabilidades e accountability, promoção de mudança da cultura institucional e supervisão externa. Conclui-se que a comunicação e demais ferramentas quando aplicadas à promoção do trabalho em equipe estão orientadas ao trabalho, isto é, à atenção eficaz e eficiente às necessidades de saúde dos usuários.

Study on the contribution of the managerial action for the promotion of inter-professional practice. It is a qualitative research carried out in 21 public health services facilities in a region of São Paulo, using data from semi-structured interview with 21 managers (directors) and the technique of theme analysis was used. As a result, in order to promote team work, managers use tools such as: communication, construction of commitment on the part of teams and workers in relation to the institutional project, stimulus to team autonomy, definition of responsibilities and accountability, promotion of institutional culture change and external supervision. The conclusion is that the tool of communication and others, whenever applied to the promotion of team work, are work-oriented, that is, oriented to efficient and effective care to the health needs of the users.

Ethics and risk management in administrative child and adolescent psychiatry.

This article examines ethics (the philosophic study of "doing the right thing") and risk management (the practice that seeks to manage the likelihood of "doing the wrong thing") and the relationship between them in the context of administrative child and adolescent psychiatry. Issues that affect child and adolescent psychiatrists who manage staff and business units and clinical practitioners who treat and manage individual patients are addressed. Malpractice, budgeting, credentialing, boundaries, assessment, documentation, treatment, research, dangerousness, and confidentiality are among the topics reviewed.