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3.
Ter Arkh ; 85(4): 43-6, 2013.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23808291

ABSTRACT

The paper gives the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF), interactions between health changes, the personality and social factors of an individual with therapeutic diseases to define disability criteria and a scientific rationale for the necessity and scope of rehabilitative measures through public health and social protection organizations.


Subject(s)
Disability Evaluation , Disabled Persons/classification , Internal Medicine/methods , Severity of Illness Index , Disabled Persons/rehabilitation , Humans , Internal Medicine/classification , Internal Medicine/standards , World Health Organization
6.
Harefuah ; 147(6): 553-9, 572, 2008 Jun.
Article in Hebrew | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18693635

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Several clinical specialties in Israel appear to be experiencing an ongoing crisis. Recently, a Public Committee addressed this problem and recommended its further study. In this paper, the authors report a pilot case study of general surgery and internal medicine, which have been identified as "clinical specialties in crisis" in the medical literature, in the testimonies presented to the Public Committee, and during our preliminary interviews. OBJECTIVES: to identify (a) the criteria for a "medical specialty in crisis" and (b) measures for the assessment of the extent of the crisis. METHODS: (a) Qualitative analysis of interviews and written testimonies of hospital directors, departmental heads of general surgery and internal medicine, and key personnel in the health care system; (b) Analysis of data derived from national administrative data databases and (c) Secondary analysis of data from a nationwide survey of board certified Israeli specialists. RESULTS: We identified five criteria of "medical specialties in crisis": shortage of "good" applicants for residency training; difficulties in filling vacant positions; excessive workload due to the limited number of staff physician and residents; a perceived low remuneration and limited opportunities for additional income; poor quality of professional working life. Some of these criteria can be used as a proxy for measuring the extent of the crisis. CONCLUSIONS: It is possible to identify criteria defining clinical specialties in crisis, as well as its extent, as a first step toward identification of possible ways of coping with it. The findings of this pilot study justify a broader survey of additional medical specialties and a larger number of physicians.


Subject(s)
Internal Medicine/classification , Medicine/classification , Specialization , Specialties, Surgical/classification , Surgical Procedures, Operative/classification , Crisis Intervention , Humans , Israel , Pilot Projects
8.
Int J Nurs Terminol Classif ; 17(2): 108-17, 2006.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16848881

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To compare the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) interventions used in two countries, Korea and the United States. METHODS: Data were collected from 167 nurses working in eight hospitals in Korea and analyzed with descriptive statistics. FINDINGS: Korean nurses selected 202 interventions, nine of which were used by more than 50% of nurses surveyed. In comparison, the Academy of Medical-Surgical Nurses (AMSN) in the United States identified 68 interventions as core interventions. Among the top ranked 68 interventions selected by Korean nurses, 29 (43%) matched those selected by U.S. nurses. CONCLUSIONS: The nursing interventions selected by Korean nurses were more heavily focused on the physiologic domain than those selected by the U.S. nurses. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The identified intervention lists can be used to develop nursing information systems, staff education, competency evaluation, referral networks, certification and licensing exams, and educational curricula for nursing students.


Subject(s)
Attitude of Health Personnel , Nurse's Role , Nursing Process/organization & administration , Nursing Staff, Hospital/psychology , Perioperative Nursing/organization & administration , Adult , Attitude of Health Personnel/ethnology , Clinical Competence , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Health Services Needs and Demand , Humans , Internal Medicine/classification , Internal Medicine/education , Internal Medicine/organization & administration , Job Description , Knowledge , Korea , Middle Aged , Nurse's Role/psychology , Nursing Evaluation Research , Nursing Methodology Research , Nursing Process/classification , Nursing Staff, Hospital/education , Nursing Staff, Hospital/organization & administration , Perioperative Nursing/classification , Perioperative Nursing/education , Professional Autonomy , Surveys and Questionnaires , United States , Vocabulary, Controlled
11.
JAMA ; 288(16): 2045-8, 2002.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12387659

ABSTRACT

Academic divisions of general internal medicine have developed and flourished in the last 2 decades. Young faculty can join these divisions in 1 of 3 possible career paths: clinical educator, clinical researcher, and, most recently, the "hospitalist." This article describes the typical job description, training pathway, and rewards and challenges for each path for students and residents considering a career in academic general internal medicine.


Subject(s)
Academic Medical Centers , Faculty, Medical , Internal Medicine , Academic Medical Centers/trends , Career Choice , Hospitalists/education , Internal Medicine/classification , Internal Medicine/education , Internal Medicine/trends , Research/education , United States
14.
Rev. calid. asist ; 15(6): 413-418, sept. 2000. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-14068

ABSTRACT

Introducción: medir el grado de acuerdo entre el diagnóstico principal seleccionado por el clínico, en los informes de alta de las especialidades de Medicina Interna, y el establecido con los criterios de los sistemas de información hospitalaria fue el objeto del trabajo. Esta variable es clave para la asignación a los sistemas de clasificación de pacientes. Método: consistió en construir un estándar con el que comparar la selección del diagnóstico principal de los informes de alta que contenían dos o más diagnósticos, mediante la selección del diagnóstico principal según los criterio establecidos por los sistemas de información sanitaria (SIS). Para su investigación se obtuvo una muestra estratificada por especialidades. Se utilizó un índice de Kappa para medir la consistencia del estándar. Los resultados se valoraron con el índice de concordancia para el conjunto de las especialidades médicas y para cada una de ellas. Resultados: respecto al estándar se obtuvo un Kappa= 0,829 (0,779:0,879) (z=18,6; p<0,00001). La discrepancia interexpertos se centró en los informes de alta con dos y tres diagnósticos. Para el conjuntos de los informes de alta el índice de concordancia fue de 61 por ciento (65:57). Este índice se elevaría a 70,7 por ciento al incluir los informes con un sólo diagnóstico, transformación necesaria para su comparación con otros estudios. Se observó disparidad de concordancia entre las diferentes especialidades. Conclusiones: el estándar construido presentó una consistencia muy elevada. La concordancia hallada manifestó un considerable desacuerdo entre el diagnóstico principal original y el obtenido con los criterios del SIS, aunque semejante a la mayor parte de estudios (AU)


Subject(s)
Patient Discharge/statistics & numerical data , Patient Discharge/standards , Patient Selection , Clinical Diagnosis , Internal Medicine/methods , Internal Medicine/standards , Internal Medicine/organization & administration , Patient Discharge/economics , Internal Medicine/classification , Internal Medicine/legislation & jurisprudence , Internal Medicine
15.
Rev. calid. asist ; 15(2): 88-92, feb. 2000. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-14017

ABSTRACT

Fundamento: Se exponen los resultados de los estudios de evaluación y monitorización de la adecuación de ingreso y estancia, realizados en un Servicio de Medicina Interna (SMI) durante dos años, destacando los controles de monitorización con el muestreo de aceptación de lotes (LQAS).Se valora la utilidad práctica de este sistema en la gestión del uso inapropiado de la hospitalización. Métodos: Con la aplicación del protocolo AEP, se realizan una primera evaluación con muestra de enfermos ingresados en un día (n=135), estimando la adecuación de ingreso y estancia y causas de inadecuación. Tras implantar acciones de mejora, se realiza una segunda evaluación (n=163) seis meses después y, basándose en sus resultados, se pasa a la fase de monitorización semestral con el método LQAS. Se contabiliza, para comparar, el tiempo empleado en cada uno de los estudios de evaluación y monitorización. Resultados: En la 1ª evaluación tienen ingreso adecuado 83,7 (+6) por ciento y estancia adecuada 46,6 (+8) por ciento. Las causas principales de inadecuación fueron la dificultad de programación de pruebas y el tratamiento conservador. Se discuten estos resultados entre los médicos implicados. En la 2ª evaluación tienen ingreso adecuado 90,2 (+4) por ciento y estancia adecuada 64,4 (+7) por ciento (mejora de +6,5 y de +17.8 por ciento, p <0,05 y p<0,001). En la monitorización, se eligen para ingreso adecuado estándar 85 por ciento y umbral 60 por ciento y para estancia adecuada estándar 65 por ciento y umbral 45 por ciento, con (<5 por ciento y (<10 por ciento. Se han realizado 2 controles semestrales, con las muestras indicadas en tabla de LQAS y resultados de aceptación. Los tiempos empleados en la monitorización (1,5 horas por control) son muy inferiores a los de evaluaciones (17,2 y 19,5 horas).Conclusiones: El sistema desarrollado en nuestro servicio de gestión del uso inadecuado, con fase inicial de ciclos de mejora, seguida de controles periódicos con LQAS, nos resulta útil y de fácil aplicación. El LQAS es un método eficiente para monitorizar la mejora conseguida (AU)


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Male , Middle Aged , Child , Humans , /methods , /standards , Internal Medicine/standards , Internal Medicine/organization & administration , Patient Discharge/standards , Cluster Sampling , Hospitalization , Organization and Administration , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health Status Indicators , Internal Medicine/classification , Internal Medicine/statistics & numerical data , Internal Medicine , Internal Medicine/trends
16.
An R Acad Nac Med (Madr) ; 117(1): 145-56; discussion 156-62, 2000.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11209554

ABSTRACT

The author suggest in his lecture in the present of the well versed Royal Academy National of Medicine, the concept, current situation and future of Internal Medicine. After a brief explanation of its creation and development, in several european and north american medical schools, he analyzes the present situation of Internal Medicine coming to the conclusion that, as a result of the fragmentation of medicine into countless sub-specialties, its survival is even being questioned as a medical specialty itself.


Subject(s)
Internal Medicine/trends , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Humans , Internal Medicine/classification , Internal Medicine/history , Pathology, Clinical/classification , Pathology, Clinical/history , Spain
18.
León; UNAN; mar. 1999. 43 p. tab.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-251077

ABSTRACT

El absceso hepático es una patología que por tener diferentes formas clínicas de presentación es difícil de establecer su etiología conllevando a problemas en el manejo terapéutico inicial. Por éste motivo se realizó este estudio en el que ser relacionaron parámetros clínicos y de laboratorio para conocer el comporamiento de esta patología en nuestro medio y contribuir de alguna manera al mejor manejo de estos pacientes. Se realizó un estudio de serie de casos que incluyó 33 pacientes con absceso hepático que fueron ingresados al servicio de Medicina Interna en el período de Marzo de 1996 a Diciembre de 1998. Entre los resultados más importantes se encontró, que la mayoría de pacientes eran del sexo masculino, tenían escolaridad primaria, procedían del área urbana y eran mayores de 40 años. Los factores predominantes más importanes fueron alcoholismo, antecedentes personal de amebiasis intestinal y hacinamiento. Todos los pacientes presentaron dolor en hipocondrio derecho, hepatología y leucocitos. El abceso hepático único y localizado en el lóbulo derecho fue el más frecuentemente encontrado. El tratamiento médico fue el más empleado y la letalidad global fue mínima...


Subject(s)
Liver Abscess/classification , Liver Abscess/diagnosis , Liver Abscess/pathology , Liver Abscess/transmission , Internal Medicine/classification , Liver Abscess, Amebic
19.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9357700

ABSTRACT

Medical language is in essence highly compositional, allowing complex information to be expressed from more elementary pieces. Embedding the expressive power of medical language into formal systems of representation is recognized in the medical informatics community as a key step towards sharing such information among medical record, decision support, and information retrieval systems. Accordingly, such representation requires managing both the expressiveness of the formalism and its computational tractability, while coping with the level of detail expected by clinical applications. These desiderata can be supported by enumerative as well as compositional approaches, as argued in this paper. These principles have been applied in recasting a frame-based system for general medical findings developed during the 1980s. The new system captures the precise meaning of a subset of over 1500 medical terms for general internal medicine identified from the Quick Medical Reference (QMR) lexicon. In order to evaluate the adequacy of this formal structure in reflecting the deep meaning of the QMR findings, a validation process was implemented. It consists of automatically rebuilding the semantic representation of the QMR findings by analyzing them through the RECIT natural language analyzer, whose semantic components have been adjusted to this frame-based model for the understanding task.


Subject(s)
Internal Medicine/classification , Natural Language Processing , Vocabulary, Controlled , Semantics , Terminology as Topic
20.
Ann Ital Med Int ; 9(2): 74-81, 1994.
Article in Italian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7917765

ABSTRACT

We investigate here the problem of the nature of Internal Medicine in the context of the different medical disciplines. After reviewing the origins of Internal Medicine and the changes it has undergone since the early 19th century, we deal with the present crisis of this medical branch and the reasons for it. In Italy, the crisis of Internal Medicine began at the dawn of this century when Neurology became a distinct discipline, isolated from the rest of Clinical Medicine. The present-day crisis is determined by the fact that the different constituent parts of Special Medical Pathology have become autonomous specialist disciplines: this situation has convinced some specialists that Internal Medicine, as a single branch, no longer exists. We thus examine the "justification" for the existence of Internal Medicine. Specialist disciplines were originally created to permit deeper analysis of pathological phenomena; however, the great emphasis on detailed and precise analysis of the different phenomena has paved the way for immense progress in pathophysiology and diagnosis, while the synthetic approach fundamental to Clinical Medicine has been neglected. After referring to Claude Bernard's idea that an organism is greater than the sum of its parts, we note that nowadays considerable importance is given to the "whole", that is, to the global study of very complex systems. We thus examine the thesis of Internal Medicine (which views the organism as a whole) as the specific clinical tool enabling the physician to evaluate each single pathophysiological phenomenon.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)


Subject(s)
Internal Medicine , History of Medicine , History, 18th Century , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Internal Medicine/classification , Internal Medicine/history , Italy , Societies, Medical/history , Specialization , United States
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