ABSTRACT
A 57-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of high fever and generalized tonic seizure. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) delineated multiple abnormal intensity areas. Thallium-201 (201Tl) scintigraphy revealed abnormal uptake in the brain. The imaging findings did not allow definitive exclusion of brain tumor, even though brain abscess was the more strongly suspected diagnosis. As the patient improved, the multiple abnormal intensity areas in the brain on MRI and the abnormal areas of accumulation on 201Tl scintigraphy were reduced, and eventually completely disappeared. A final diagnosis of brain abscess was therefore made. Since relatively few studies have reported 201Tl accumulation in cases of brain abscess, we report here our patient in whom the changes in the accumulation of 201Tl in a brain abscess were observed over time.
Subject(s)
Brain Abscess/diagnostic imaging , Frontal Lobe/diagnostic imaging , Iodipamide/analogs & derivatives , Parietal Lobe/diagnostic imaging , Thallium/pharmacokinetics , Brain Abscess/complications , Brain Abscess/diagnosis , Brain Abscess/metabolism , Fever of Unknown Origin/diagnostic imaging , Fever of Unknown Origin/etiology , Frontal Lobe/metabolism , Humans , Iodipamide/pharmacokinetics , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Parietal Lobe/metabolism , Seizures/diagnostic imaging , Seizures/etiology , Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon/methodsABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To study the feasibility of using an iodinated particulate contrast agent, iodipamide ethyl ester (IDE), for angiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: IDE at doses of 40-100 mg of iodine per kilogram was diluted to a total volume of 5-20 mL and used for digital subtraction angiography in nine dogs under general anesthesia. Equivalent images were obtained by using water-soluble contrast medium (WSCM) for comparison (iohexol) in seven animals. All images were reviewed by blinded reviewers and graded subjectively on a five-point scale. RESULTS: Angiographic studies of multiple vascular territories performed with IDE yielded images of slightly lower overall quality compared with images obtained with WSCM (P = .14, Mann-Whitney U test). Arterial phase images were subjectively superior with WSCM when compared with IDE (P < .0001, chi 2.) Depiction of the corresponding veins during the venous phase on the IDE angiograms was superior to that on WSCM angiograms in 12 of 21 cases, although this did not reach statistical significance (P > .05 chi 2). Images of the renal vein and portal vein achieved with IDE were graded as superior to those achieved with WSCM in eight of 10 reviews. CONCLUSION: Angiography is feasible with IDE. Compared with WSCM, IDE produced images of lesser quality during the arterial phase, but of equal or superior quality in the venous phase depending on the vessel studied. Because it is excreted slowly in bile and is isotonic, it may prove useful in patients with renal insufficiency, diabetes, multiple myeloma, or severe coronary disease.
Subject(s)
Contrast Media , Iodipamide/analogs & derivatives , Angiography, Digital Subtraction , Animals , Contrast Media/pharmacokinetics , Contrast Media/toxicity , Dogs , Feasibility Studies , Iodipamide/pharmacokinetics , Iodipamide/toxicity , Iohexol , Particle Size , Tissue DistributionABSTRACT
It was found that the accumulation of 125I-bilignost by isolated hepatocytes as target cells is mediated by the saturated and unsaturated systems. In thymocytes as non-target cells no saturated system of 125I-bilignost absorption was detected. 125I-triombrast transport in isolated hepatocytes and thymocytes takes place by usual diffusion.
Subject(s)
Contrast Media/pharmacokinetics , Liver/metabolism , Thymus Gland/metabolism , Absorption , Animals , Biological Transport , Cells, Cultured , Diatrizoate Meglumine/pharmacokinetics , Diffusion , Iodine Radioisotopes , Iodipamide/pharmacokinetics , Liver/cytology , Male , Rats , Thymus Gland/cytology , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Particulate iodipamide ethyl ester, a new hepatolienographic x-ray contrast agent, was intravenously injected into rats. Lung and kidney biopsies taken at various intervals after the injection were examined by light and electron microscopy. IDE particles could be found in the lung capillaries phagocytized by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). There were also free particles in the alveolar capillaries in the samples taken 5 min to 4 hours after the injection. No aggregates or emboli were seen. Two days or more after the injection no intra- and extracellular particles were present. The PMNs underwent transient local hydropic degeneration; the lung cells were morphologically intact. In the kidneys, the particles first appeared in both cortical and medullary capillaries. No emboli were observed. The kidney cells did not ingest IDE, but polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) with ingested IDE were often seen loosely attached to the glomerular capillary walls. In addition, free particles were evident in the capillaries in the samples taken up to 1 hour after injection. All particles in subsequent kidney samples were located in PMNs in the glomeruli. After three or more days the renal tissue was totally devoid of particulate IDE. No morphological evidence of kidney cell injury was observed.
Subject(s)
Iodipamide/analogs & derivatives , Kidney/metabolism , Lung/metabolism , Animals , Female , Fixatives , Injections, Intravenous , Iodipamide/administration & dosage , Iodipamide/pharmacokinetics , Iodipamide/pharmacology , Kidney/anatomy & histology , Kidney/drug effects , Lung/anatomy & histology , Lung/drug effects , Male , Neutrophils/metabolism , Neutrophils/ultrastructure , Phagocytosis , Rats , Specimen HandlingABSTRACT
It was found that a preliminary administration of phenobarbital to rats caused an increase of the rate of 125I-bilignost excretion in the bile by 46.6% but reduced its half-life in the blood by 48.3% and its excretion in the urine by 46.4%. Phenobarbital decreased the rate of 125I-bilignost absorption by the liver slices and increased the rate of release from them.
Subject(s)
Bile/drug effects , Contrast Media/pharmacokinetics , Iodipamide/pharmacokinetics , Phenobarbital/pharmacology , Animals , Bile/metabolism , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Half-Life , In Vitro Techniques , Iodine Radioisotopes , Liver/drug effects , Liver/metabolism , Male , Rats , Time Factors , Tissue DistributionABSTRACT
Iodipamide ethyl ester (IDE) is an experimental particulate contrast agent being developed for CT image enhancement of the liver and spleen. IDE particles are phagocytized by the reticuloendothelial cells after an intravenous injection. The uptake and dissolution of IDE particles were studied in the spleen with light and electron microscopy. Two minutes after injection, intra- and extracellular IDE particles were found in the red pulp of the spleen. Highest concentration of IDE was seen in the marginal zone surrounding the white pulp. Particles also were seen elsewhere in the red pulp but only occasionally between the outermost cells of the white pulp. The extracellular particles disappeared within 4 hours postinjection. At one day postinjection, the amount of intracellular IDE particles had begun to decrease. Electron micrographs showed that the intracellular particles dissolved gradually in the phagocytes and caused transient degenerative morphologic changes. At three days postinjection, practically all IDE particles had disappeared from the spleen. Polystyrene latex particles were used as controls. They were phagocytized like the IDE particles, but they did not disappear from the phagocytes. IDE particles caused no morphologic injuries in nonphagocytic cells of the spleen.
