Lesão traumática facial em cão - reconstrução cirúrgica com retalho de transposição rotacional / Facial traumatic injury in a dog - surgical reconstruction with rotational transposition flap

Background: Bite injuries are commonly found in small animal clinics, especially in male dogs, due to their habits of fighting and territorial disputes. In general, the lesions are treated with the use of compresses and bandages, however, it is extremely important to carefully evaluate the site, in order to carry out the appropriate treatment. In cases of tissue loss, an increasingly used practice is reconstructive surgery, which launches alternatives for treatment through flaps and skin grafts, promoting healing and satisfactory aesthetic repair. This report describes the case of a dog with a facial bite, treated with reconstructive surgery. Case: A 5-year-old male mixed-breed dog, with a body mass of 5 kg, was treated and submitted to a physical examination, due to the owner's complaint that he had been attacked by another dog, causing a bite on the face. On physical examination, the animal showed normal vital parameters, except for mild hyperthermia due to rectal temperature (39.5°C). On the face, it was possible to observe a lacerative lesion in the temporomandibular and masseteric regions, with loss of skin and muscle, in addition to having an aspect of infection and necrosis. To describe the hematological profile, a blood count was performed, showing no changes. In the biochemical tests, the present alteration was a slight increase in Alkaline Phosphatase (393.8 IU/L). Surgical treatment was indicated through facial reconstruction with a skin graft. After performing the antisepsis, the lesion was debrided, the edges were regularized and the injured tissue was curetted. For reconstruction of the defect, we used a flap obtained through a perpendicular incision at the base of the ear, in a caudal direction, and this flap was pulled and transposed over the wound. Flap synthesis was performed with 3-0 nylon thread. After surgery, a compressive bandage was performed, which was removed after 24 h. It was indicated to avoid exertion in the area and to return in 10 days for the evaluation of the surgery and removal of the stitches. Discussion: Traumatic injuries in animals are being increasingly reported, with male and non-neutered dogs being the most prevalent patients. This report is in line with other studies, with the patient's profile being a male dog, with an average age, in line with the literature. In general, in certain types of wounds, the affected animals can develop sepsis and even progress to death, however, in this case the patient did not show changes in vital parameters and in hematological tests. Reconstructive surgeries are performed with the aim of correcting skin defects and knowledge of the available techniques is important. It is also necessary to carry out a good planning, in order to avoid complications in the trans and postoperative period. In the present case, we chose to use a flap obtained through an incision perpendicular to the base of the ear, transposing it over the wound, in addition to relieving tissue tension through skin divulsion, increasing its elastic potential. The use of bandages is considered extremely important for the success of the surgical procedure, as it provides an efficient barrier against infections, trauma and adhesions. However, we emphasize the need to use ointments, gauzes and bandages concomitantly, in order to have the desired success in the postoperative period. In addition to proper surgical techniques, pain management and infection control are important for patient recovery. It is important to use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids to obtain analgesia, in addition to antibiotic therapy before and after surgery. The reported case demonstrated that lesions in dogs with skin loss can be reconstructed using skin flaps, with an excellent recovery and good prognosis, as was the case with the patient in this report.

Assessment of tear film osmolarity using the IPen® Vet osmometer in Pug and Shih-Tzu dogs with and without keratoconjunctivitis sicca.

OBJECTIVE: To establish tear film osmolarity (TFO) values in Pugs and Shih-Tzus, with and without keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS). ANIMALS STUDIED: A total of 82 adult dogs were evaluated. PROCEDURE: The inclusion criteria for the healthy group was a Schirmer tear test (STT-1) ≥15 mm/min with no clinical signs of KCS, whereas those with KCS had clinical signs and a STT-1 ≤10 mm/min. All animals underwent complete ophthalmological evaluation prior to STT-1 and TFO. Student's t tests were used to compare STT-1 and TFO in KCS and healthy eyes as well as possible differences in TFO between breeds. In addition, a linear regression to model the relationship between the two variables (STT-1 and TFO) was performed. A P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: STT-1 results were significantly lower (p = 0.0001) in the KCS group (4.46 ± 1.74) compared with the control group (18.80 ± 2.02). Mean TFO results were significantly higher in the KCS group (353.02 ± 16.58 mOsm/L) (p < 0.0001) compared with the control group (315.27 ± 6.15 mOsm/L). The formula Y = 365.059-2.625 * X significantly predicts (p < 0.001) the value of the variable Y (TFO mOsm/L) as a function of the variable X (STT-1 mm/min), with a coefficient of determination of 0.71. CONCLUSIONS: The results revealed differences in TFO and STT-1 between KCS and healthy dogs. Additionally, STT-1 and TFO values were correlated with the aim to use STT-1 values to predict TFO values in brachycephalic breeds.

Collection of semen in a dog with partial penectomy followed by successful artificial insemination: case report / [Coleta de sêmen em um cão parcialmente penectomizado seguida de inseminação artificial bem sucedida: relato de caso]

This study describes a case of a dog with a lacerated penile tear treated with partial penectomy followed by successful semen collections for artificial insemination. A 1.5-year-old Jack Russel Terrier with normal libido, genital organs and semen, had a penile laceration after copulation. The dog underwent a partial penectomy without orchiectomy, thus preserving the possibility of semen collection. Semen was successfully collected at 45 and 53 days after surgery, and it was used for artificial insemination of two bitches, one of which became pregnant. Therefore, this report demonstrated that semen may be collected from dogs with partial penectomy for artificial insemination, this technique has the potential to preserve fertility of dogs with penile lesions that require penectomy.(AU)

Este estudo descreve o caso de um cão que teve laceração peniana tratada por penectomia parcial seguida de coleta de sêmen para inseminação artificial bem sucedida. Um cão Jack Russel Terrier de 1,5 anos, com libido, órgãos genitais e sêmen normais, teve laceração peniana após cópula. O cão foi parcialmente penectomizado sem orquiectomia, preservando a possibilidade de coleta de sêmen. A coleta de sêmen foi bem sucedida 45 e 53 dias após a cirurgia, sendo utilizado para inseminação artificial de duas cadelas, uma delas se tornando gestante. Portanto, sêmen para inseminação artificial pode ser coletado em cães parcialmente penectomizados, esta técnica revelando ser uma potencial forma de preservação da fertilidade de cães com lesões penianas que necessitem penectomia.(AU)

Utilização de creme de extrato de calêndula em ferida lacerante em equino / Use of calender extract cream in equine lacerate wound

Background: Wounds and lacerations are constant in the clinical routine of horses. The treatment of wounds by the secondintention is the most common in the equine clinic; it consists in addition to surgical debridement, the use of allopathic orphytotherapeutic healing. In this context, several phytotherapics used in folk medicine have been used with promisingresults in the equine species, especially marigold (Calendula officinalis L.), recognized by the German scientific committee as antiseptic and healing. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the nonionic cream of Calendulaofficinalis at 2% in an extensive lacerating wound in an equine.Case: A 6-month-old female Quarter Horse, weighing 160 kg, a lacerating wound in the pectoral region of unknowntraumatic origin, was treated in the large animal sector of the Veterinary Hospital of Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR).Clinical examination revealed an exudative wound in the pectoral region, complicated by the presence of environmentalorganic matter and myiasis, involving transverse pectoral and descending pectoral muscles, with a large tissue separationand exposure of part of the first sternum. After an initial evaluation, a trichotomy was performed around the wound, removalof myiasis and sanitization of the wound with water and PVP-I, which was filled with sterile dressings and covered with adressing using a tubular mesh. Antibiotic therapy was instituted, along with anti-inflammatory medication and antitetanicserum (5,000 IU). Due to the need for surgical debridement, after previous fasting and general anesthesia followed bysite antisepsis, surgical debridement was performed, followed by reduction of dead space with application of standard“Wolf” sutures, for re-approximation of the wound edges was applied suture in Wolf pattern captonated with segmentsof equipment. In the post-surgical period, topical treatment with nitrofurazone ointment and crystal...(AU)

Utilização de creme de extrato de calêndula em ferida lacerante em equino / Use of calender extract cream in equine lacerate wound

Background: Wounds and lacerations are constant in the clinical routine of horses. The treatment of wounds by the secondintention is the most common in the equine clinic; it consists in addition to surgical debridement, the use of allopathic orphytotherapeutic healing. In this context, several phytotherapics used in folk medicine have been used with promisingresults in the equine species, especially marigold (Calendula officinalis L.), recognized by the German scientific committee as antiseptic and healing. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the nonionic cream of Calendulaofficinalis at 2% in an extensive lacerating wound in an equine.Case: A 6-month-old female Quarter Horse, weighing 160 kg, a lacerating wound in the pectoral region of unknowntraumatic origin, was treated in the large animal sector of the Veterinary Hospital of Universidade Paranaense (UNIPAR).Clinical examination revealed an exudative wound in the pectoral region, complicated by the presence of environmentalorganic matter and myiasis, involving transverse pectoral and descending pectoral muscles, with a large tissue separationand exposure of part of the first sternum. After an initial evaluation, a trichotomy was performed around the wound, removalof myiasis and sanitization of the wound with water and PVP-I, which was filled with sterile dressings and covered with adressing using a tubular mesh. Antibiotic therapy was instituted, along with anti-inflammatory medication and antitetanicserum (5,000 IU). Due to the need for surgical debridement, after previous fasting and general anesthesia followed bysite antisepsis, surgical debridement was performed, followed by reduction of dead space with application of standard“Wolf” sutures, for re-approximation of the wound edges was applied suture in Wolf pattern captonated with segmentsof equipment. In the post-surgical period, topical treatment with nitrofurazone ointment and crystal...

Primary surgical repair of prostatic urethral rupture following multiple pelvic fracture in a dog

Abdominal urethral rupture commonly occurs in male dogs after traumatic pelvic fractures and can lead to uroperitoneum, causing peritonitis and azotemia. The primary complications of urethral damage include strictures, incontinence and innervation injury. Here, we describe a case report of prostatic urethral rupture, treated by primary suture repair, that yielded early healing and recovery in a ten-year-old, male, mixed-breed dog who visited our facility within 24 hours of being struck by a car. Positive contrast urethrocystography resulted in leakage of the contrast medium into the abdominal cavity in a point caudal to the urinary bladder. Additional radiography revealed multiple pelvic fractures. During surgery, we found a laceration of the right prostatic lobe causing urethral rupture. We performed a full thickness simple continue suture with 7-0 polyglactin 910 to reestablish urethral continuity. The prostate capsule was also sutured in a simple continue pattern. A previously placed indwelling urinary catheter was kept inside to divert urine flow. On the third postoperative day, the animal withdrew the urinary catheter and started to urinate by himself. The conservative treatment of pelvic fractures enabled complete return to function on the 55th day. One hundred and fifty days after the trauma, no evidence of urinary stricture or another clinical sign was observed. Urethral wounds can be treated surgically by primary suturing and urinary diversion. A short healing time was experienced, and the indwelling urinary catheter was removed three days after surgery since there was no more urine leakage and the animal began voiding normally.(AU)

Primary surgical repair of prostatic urethral rupture following multiple pelvic fracture in a dog

Abdominal urethral rupture commonly occurs in male dogs after traumatic pelvic fractures and can lead to uroperitoneum, causing peritonitis and azotemia. The primary complications of urethral damage include strictures, incontinence and innervation injury. Here, we describe a case report of prostatic urethral rupture, treated by primary suture repair, that yielded early healing and recovery in a ten-year-old, male, mixed-breed dog who visited our facility within 24 hours of being struck by a car. Positive contrast urethrocystography resulted in leakage of the contrast medium into the abdominal cavity in a point caudal to the urinary bladder. Additional radiography revealed multiple pelvic fractures. During surgery, we found a laceration of the right prostatic lobe causing urethral rupture. We performed a full thickness simple continue suture with 7-0 polyglactin 910 to reestablish urethral continuity. The prostate capsule was also sutured in a simple continue pattern. A previously placed indwelling urinary catheter was kept inside to divert urine flow. On the third postoperative day, the animal withdrew the urinary catheter and started to urinate by himself. The conservative treatment of pelvic fractures enabled complete return to function on the 55th day. One hundred and fifty days after the trauma, no evidence of urinary stricture or another clinical sign was observed. Urethral wounds can be treated surgically by primary suturing and urinary diversion. A short healing time was experienced, and the indwelling urinary catheter was removed three days after surgery since there was no more urine leakage and the animal began voiding normally.

Tratamento de feridas lacerantes em membros pélvicos comparando enxerto em malha e cicatrização por segunda intenção / Treatment of lacerating wounds in pelvic members comparing mesh enzyme and healing for second intention

The efficiency of the mesh graft used in lacerating wound was evaluated when comparedto another wound treated by second intention. The debridement of the wound wasperformed, the necrotic tissue was removed for subsequent granulation tissue formationand graft application. The transplanted skin was collected from the thoracic region with thesame measures of the defect to be corrected. The preparation of the graft consisted of theremoval of adipose tissue, and later, with the use of the scalpel blade, several rectilinearcuts were made, leaving it with mesh pattern. The graft was fixed to the wound with theuse of a separate single suture. After the surgical procedure, a bandage with hydrogel wasapplied to the limb of the animal, where the dressing change occurred at intervals of fourdays. We concluded that the wound treatment in the MTE using the graft was efficient withtotal wound healing when compared to the non-grafted MTD treatment.Palavras-chaves: cirurgia reconstrutiva; plástica; cão.(AU)

Laceração de traqueia em cão Relato de Caso / Laceration of Trachea in dog - Case report

Tracheal laceration can have several causes, among them by run over, bite, projectile andiatrogeny. Tracheal lesions, although uncommon in companion animals, deserve specialattention, since, depending on the severity, they may cause death to the affected patients.The treatment may be conservative or surgical, being the choice dependent on thepresentation of the patient. This study is a case report of a laceration of the trachea in a dogby trampling, whose treatment of choice was the surgical one due to the critical state inwhich the animal presented itself. It all went well, the animal recovered quickly and well.(AU)

Laceração de traqueia em cão – Relato de Caso / Laceration of Trachea in dog - Case report

Tracheal laceration can have several causes, among them by run over, bite, projectile andiatrogeny. Tracheal lesions, although uncommon in companion animals, deserve specialattention, since, depending on the severity, they may cause death to the affected patients.The treatment may be conservative or surgical, being the choice dependent on thepresentation of the patient. This study is a case report of a laceration of the trachea in a dogby trampling, whose treatment of choice was the surgical one due to the critical state inwhich the animal presented itself. It all went well, the animal recovered quickly and well.

Tratamento de feridas lacerantes em membros pélvicos comparando enxerto em malha e cicatrização por segunda intenção / Treatment of lacerating wounds in pelvic members comparing mesh enzyme and healing for second intention

The efficiency of the mesh graft used in lacerating wound was evaluated when comparedto another wound treated by second intention. The debridement of the wound wasperformed, the necrotic tissue was removed for subsequent granulation tissue formationand graft application. The transplanted skin was collected from the thoracic region with thesame measures of the defect to be corrected. The preparation of the graft consisted of theremoval of adipose tissue, and later, with the use of the scalpel blade, several rectilinearcuts were made, leaving it with mesh pattern. The graft was fixed to the wound with theuse of a separate single suture. After the surgical procedure, a bandage with hydrogel wasapplied to the limb of the animal, where the dressing change occurred at intervals of fourdays. We concluded that the wound treatment in the MTE using the graft was efficient withtotal wound healing when compared to the non-grafted MTD treatment.Palavras-chaves: cirurgia reconstrutiva; plástica; cão.

Tratamento conservativo e modelo de fisioterapia extensora na laceração total do tendão extensor digital longo em equinos: relato de três casos / Conservative treatment and extension physical therapy model in total laceration of long digital extensor tendon in horses: three cases report

A ruptura traumática do tendão extensor digital longo (TEDL) apresenta alta incidência entre as afecções que acometem o aparelho locomotor dos equinos, estando frequentemente associada aos acidentes em cercas de arame liso. O sinal clínico evidente é a perda da capacidade de extensão das falanges e do casco, trazendo déficit de propriocepção e claudicação aparente. Estas lesões tendíneas possuem prognóstico reservado, sendo que em alguns casos podem ser fatais. O objetivo deste artigo é relatar três casos de equinos com ruptura total do TEDL, submetidos a tratamentos de cicatrização de ferida por segunda intenção e modelo de fisioterapia extensora. As cicatrizações e retorno de função extensora ocorreram em média com 52,7± 7,36 dias, com retorno às atividades anteriormente desempenhadas em tempo inferior a 120 dias. Conclui-se que a cicatrização por segunda intenção com aparato de fisioterapia extensora apresenta-se como opção viável em situações que a sutura não é indicada ou nas deiscências relacionadas às lacerações de TEDL.(AU)

The traumatic rupture of the long digital extensor tendon has a high incidence of diseases that affect the locomotor system of horses, and is often associated with accidents in smooth wire fences. The obvious clinical sign is the loss of extensibility of the phalanges and the hull, bringing proprioception deficit and limping apparent. These tendon injuries have a poor prognosis, and in some cases can be fatal. The purpose of this article is to report three cases of horses with total TEDL rupture undergoing healing treatments wound by secondary intention and model extensor physiotherapy. The scarring and extensor function return occurred on average 52.7 ± 7.36 days, with return to activities previously performed in less than 120 days. It was concluded that the healing by secondary intention with extensor physiotherapy apparatus is presented as a viable option in situations where the suture is not indicated or the dehiscence related to lacerations TEDL.(AU)

Tratamento conservativo e modelo de fisioterapia extensora na laceração total do tendão extensor digital longo em equinos: relato de três casos / Conservative treatment and extension physical therapy model in total laceration of long digital extensor tendon in horses: three cases report

A ruptura traumática do tendão extensor digital longo (TEDL) apresenta alta incidência entre as afecções que acometem o aparelho locomotor dos equinos, estando frequentemente associada aos acidentes em cercas de arame liso. O sinal clínico evidente é a perda da capacidade de extensão das falanges e do casco, trazendo déficit de propriocepção e claudicação aparente. Estas lesões tendíneas possuem prognóstico reservado, sendo que em alguns casos podem ser fatais. O objetivo deste artigo é relatar três casos de equinos com ruptura total do TEDL, submetidos a tratamentos de cicatrização de ferida por segunda intenção e modelo de fisioterapia extensora. As cicatrizações e retorno de função extensora ocorreram em média com 52,7± 7,36 dias, com retorno às atividades anteriormente desempenhadas em tempo inferior a 120 dias. Conclui-se que a cicatrização por segunda intenção com aparato de fisioterapia extensora apresenta-se como opção viável em situações que a sutura não é indicada ou nas deiscências relacionadas às lacerações de TEDL.

The traumatic rupture of the long digital extensor tendon has a high incidence of diseases that affect the locomotor system of horses, and is often associated with accidents in smooth wire fences. The obvious clinical sign is the loss of extensibility of the phalanges and the hull, bringing proprioception deficit and limping apparent. These tendon injuries have a poor prognosis, and in some cases can be fatal. The purpose of this article is to report three cases of horses with total TEDL rupture undergoing healing treatments wound by secondary intention and model extensor physiotherapy. The scarring and extensor function return occurred on average 52.7 ± 7.36 days, with return to activities previously performed in less than 120 days. It was concluded that the healing by secondary intention with extensor physiotherapy apparatus is presented as a viable option in situations where the suture is not indicated or the dehiscence related to lacerations TEDL.

Laceração perineal de 3° grau em égua Quarto de Milha / 3° grade Perineal laceration in mare Quarter horse

The present report describes the occurrence of a third degree perineal laceration of a Quarter Horsemare and the clinical and surgical measures addressed. During the anamnesis it was reported that the femalepresented a dystocic birth with obstetric maneuvers for the removal of a dead colt from the handler. Areproductive clinical examination revealed third degree perineal laceration compromising mucosa of the vulva,vestibule and vagina with presence of hemorrhage, small amount purulent exudate, pnemovagina and presenceof a rectovaginal communication orifice with fecal contamination. The surgical treatment approached wasvulvoplasty for plastic recovery of the vulva, perineum and rectum allied to the use of antibiotic therapy, antiinflammatory,cleaning of the lesion and adequate diet. The treatment used was successful, associated withveterinary monitoring during the pre, trans and postoperative period, thus minimizing the risks of compromisingthe mare's reproductive efficiency.

Laceração perineal de 3° grau em égua Quarto de Milha / 3° grade Perineal laceration in mare Quarter horse

The present report describes the occurrence of a third degree perineal laceration of a Quarter Horsemare and the clinical and surgical measures addressed. During the anamnesis it was reported that the femalepresented a dystocic birth with obstetric maneuvers for the removal of a dead colt from the handler. Areproductive clinical examination revealed third degree perineal laceration compromising mucosa of the vulva,vestibule and vagina with presence of hemorrhage, small amount purulent exudate, pnemovagina and presenceof a rectovaginal communication orifice with fecal contamination. The surgical treatment approached wasvulvoplasty for plastic recovery of the vulva, perineum and rectum allied to the use of antibiotic therapy, antiinflammatory,cleaning of the lesion and adequate diet. The treatment used was successful, associated withveterinary monitoring during the pre, trans and postoperative period, thus minimizing the risks of compromisingthe mare's reproductive efficiency.(AU)