[Bronchoscopy in complex examination and treatment of patients with lung abscess]. / Bronkhoskopiia v kompleksnom obsledovanii i lechenii bol'nykh s abstsessami legkikh.

Lung abscess was diagnosed during a complex examination in 115 patients. All the patients had local treatment through the bronchoscope. Cleansing of the abscess cavity takes place 1,3 times quicker in the patients who were given laser irradiation in addition to sanitation bronchoscopy or to whom immunomodulators and antibiotics were introduced lymphotropically intrabronchially, than in those with usual sanitation. The administration of 20 ml of glycerol in the abscess cavity allowed cleansing of the cavity to be 2-3 times quicker.

Ultrastructure of alveolar macrophages under endobronchial laser therapy of acute and chronic inflammatory lung disease.

512 specimens of the bronchoalveolar fluid of 171 patients with acute and chronic inflammatory processes in the lung were studied. It was shown that significant qualitative and quantitative changes in cellular composition of the bronchoalveolar fluid occurred under the influence of a helium-neon laser: an increase in the percentage of macrophages and a decrease in the percentage of neutrophils. With the help of autoradiographic studies the induction of metabolic and proliferative activity (according to level of RNA- and DNA-synthesis) of alveolar macrophages after laser treatment was revealed. Based on morphologic changes of the respiratory compartment of the lung, conclusions were drawn about the stimulation of the functional activity of alveolar macrophages as a basis of the clinical effect of laser therapy on acute and chronic inflammatory processes.

[Effects of laser irradiation on the regeneration of the bronchial epithelium in chronic inflammation]. / Vliianie lazernogo oblucheniia na regeneratsiiu bronkhial'nogo épiteliia pri khronicheskom vospalenii.

Structural and metabolic changes were studied in 162 large bronchial mucosa biopsy specimens from 63 patients with chronic lung diseases. Proliferative and metabolic processes were shown to be induced by endotracheal therapy with helium-neon laser for the damaged epithelium, which passed through a number of transitional forms and repaired its structure and differentiation into ciliary and goblet cells with normal ultrastructure. In lamina propria, there was hyperemia, intensive leukodiapedesis, formation of leukocytic infiltrated and granulations, the metabolic activity of endotheliocytes and interstitial cells increased, giving rise to delicate fibrous connective tissue. The simultaneous reorganization of the epithelium and underlying connective tissue is interpreted from the standpoint of a concept of parenchymal and stromal relationships.

[The ultrastructure of the neutrophilic leukocytes and alveolar macrophages in chronic lung inflammation and in endobronchial laser irradiation]. / Ul'trastruktura neitrofil'nykh leikotsitov i al'veoliarnykh makrofagov pri khronicheskom vospalenii legkikh i éndobronkhial'nom lazernom obluchenii.

310 samples of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from 90 patients with chronic inflammatory processes of lung were studied in the course of endobronchial laser influence. It is shown that considerable quantitative and qualitative changes in cell composition of BAL-fluid resulted from helium-neon laser influence: the percentage increase in macrophage amount, and the decrease in neutrophil number. Using the radioautographic analysis, stimulation of metabolic and proliferative reactions (on the level of RNA and DNA syntheses) of alveolar macrophages under laser influence was found. On the basis of morphological changes of cells in respiratory compartment of lung it is concluded that the clinical effect of laser treatment of chronic inflammatory processes in lung is conditioned by stimulation of regenerative-plastic reactions.

[Helium-neon laser irradiation in combined treatment of children with suppurative diseases of the lungs and pleura]. / Gelii-neonovoe lazernoe izluchenie v kompleksnom lechenii detei s gnoinymi zabolevaniiami legkikh i plevry.

The article discusses the results of treatment of acute ischemia of the pleura in 60 children with the use of intracavitary laser therapy. The empyema cavity was irradiated through a quartz flexible monocrystal light guide. The authors studied the effect of helium-neon laser beam on the empyema microflora, the condition of immunity, and the specific features of the clinical course of acute empyema of the pleura. Treatment by helium-neon laser radiation promotes rapid closure of bronchopleural fistulas, reduces the period of treatment, causes an immunocorrection effect, and does not exert a bactericidal effect on the flora.

[Intravascular laser irradiation of blood in the treatment of patients with lung abscess]. / Vnutrisosudistoe lazernoe obluchenie krovi v lechenii bol'nykh s abstsessami legkikh.

Intravascular blood laser irradiation has been introduced into a multimodality treatment of pulmonary abscesses in 47 patients. Intracavitary laser irradiation of the abscess or pleural empyema was performed in 10 cases. A suggested detoxication and immunostimulation related to the laser therapy was confirmed. The highest efficacy of the treatment was found for chronic pulmonary abscesses, the least one in decompensation associated with multiorgan failure.