One-year survey of cutaneous lesions in 1000 consecutive Iranian newborns.

Our objective was to study skin disorders in neonates within the first 48 hours of life in Ahvaz, Iran. One thousand consecutive neonates were examined in a descriptional prospective cohort study for 1 year (2002-03). The rate of skin disorders and their relationship to age of gestation and sex were calculated and analyzed using the computerized program SPSS version 10 and chi-squared test (chi2). Our findings were Mongolian spots (71.3%), Epstein pearls (70.2%), sebaceous hyperplasia (43.7%), salmon patch (26.2%), hypertrichosis (25.7%), erythema toxicum (11.1%), milia (7.5%), desquamation (1.9%), hemangioma (1.3%), and miliaria (1.3%). The most frequent skin disorders were Mongolian spots, Epstein pearls, and sebaceous hyperplasia. Differences between our study findings and those of others may be based on racial differences and study method.

Miliaria rubra / Miliaria rubra

La miliaria es una erupción que afecta predominantemente a los neonatos y a la primera infancia, se produce por obstrucción del poro sudoríparo y, en su aparición, intervienen factores como exceso de sudación infecciones superficiales y aplicación de cremas. Dependiendo de la profundidad de la obstrucción, la miliaria puede ser cristalina, que es la más superficial, rubra que es la intermedia, y profunda. Las lesiones varían de vésiculas transparentes a papulovesículas o a pápulas edematosas. No se acompaña casi de síntomas y evoluciona favorablemente; desaparece en pocos días cuando cesa, el estímulo causal (AU)

Miliaria rubra of the lower limbs in underground miners.

This report documents a case series of miliaria rubra of the lower limbs in miners at a deep underground metalliferous mine in tropical arid Australia. During the summer months of February and March 1999, all cases of miliaria rubra of the lower limbs in underground miners seen at the mine's medical centre were clinically examined and administered a questionnaire. Twenty-five patients were seen, an incidence of 56.4 cases per million man-hours. Miliaria rubra was most often located between the ankle and knee (88% of cases). Twenty-four percent had concurrent folliculitis and 20% had concurrent tinea. Thirty-two percent had a personal history of asthma. Walking through ground-water and splashing of the legs was common. Three to 4 weeks of sedentary duties in air conditioning was generally required to achieve resolution of miliaria rubra. The incidence of miliaria rubra of the lower limbs is 38% of the incidence of heat exhaustion at the same mine. The length of disablement is greater, however. Atopics may be at increased risk of miliaria rubra. Control measures are discussed.

Investigation into the environmental factors associated with the incidence of skin disease following an outbreak of Miliaria rubra at a coal mine.

A retrospective study was undertaken to examine by interactive linear modeling a possible association between environmental conditions and the incidence of skin conditions (excluding athletes foot) in a coal mine following an increase in skin rashes, mainly 'prickly heat' (Miliaria rubra). An increase in the incidence was found with increasing surface temperature and underground air velocity; a decreased incidence with increased underground air quantity (air volume per unit time); whilst the relationship with underground temperature was found to be quadratic with incidence decreasing until 27 degrees C wet bulb (although this is not necessarily the optimum temperature for other purposes) and then increasing. The association between skin incidence and environmental factors was strongest (in terms of variance explained) when the incidence was associated with the environmental conditions of 4 to 8 weeks previously. The constant nature of relative humidity over the period prevented an examination of its relationship with rash incidence. Possible strategies for reducing the incidence of 'prickly heat' are discussed.

Statistical survey of skin changes in Japanese neonates.

We observed 5387 infants over 10 years in weekly visits to a neonatal ward and obtained the following frequency data on these skin changes: erythema toxicum neonatorum, 40.8%; perianal dermatitis, 18.9%; scrotal pigmentation, 15.2%; miliaria, 8.5%; and adnexal polyp of neonatal skin, 4.1%. The frequencies of the types of birthmarks were: mongolian spots, 81.5%; salmon patches, 22.3%; nevocellular nevi, 2.7%; port-wine stains, 2.1%; strawberry marks, 1.7%; café au lait spots, 1.7% (including a case of von Recklinghausen's disease); epidermal and sebaceous nevi, 0.3%; accessory auricles, 0.3%; and smooth muscle hamartomas, 0.2%. A positive relationship was observed between infant maturity and the prevalence of erythema toxicum neonatorum. Apart from candidiasis, neonatal skin infections were extremely rare.

An outbreak of periporitis staphylogenes of complex origin.

During the summer 1971 an outbreak of periporitis staphylogenes occurred among newborn in Horsens Hospital. 23 babies (16 boys and 7 girls) were infected with Staphylococcus aureus resistant to penicillin. Some of them also developed pemphigus neonatorum and sweat gland abscesses. Phage typing of staphylococci from the infected babies indicated, that some had acquired bacteria from the hand-eczema of a midwife and others from a doctor carrying Staphylococcus aureus, in his nose.

Skin diseases of football and wrestling participants.

This discussion has highlighted some of the cutaneous disorders that are found in football and wrestling participants in an exaggerated form. These disorders may occur in any person, of course, and are not limited to football or wrestling participants. Also, football and wrestling participants may have any cutaneous disorder; their disorders are not limited to those mentioned in this review. The dermatologist should be alert to contagous disorders in these participants, especially because of the close contact their activities necessitate and the potential epidemic spread of these disorders. One must also be alert to the possibility that a condition may be masked by the minor trauma of the sport. It is re-emphasized that these disorders are exaggerated because of the increased perspiration, heat, friction, secretion of fatty acids, body contact, special gear, climatic conditions, and trauma. Fortunately, the participants are normally healthy individuals who respond quickly to the appropriate therapy.