Evaluación del nivel de eficiencia física a estudiantes de Medicina / Evaluation of the level of physical efficiency in medical students

Introducción: La calidad del proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje en las clases de Educación Física, depende del desarrollo adecuado de habilidades y capacidades físicas, esto implica la búsqueda de vías más factibles para poder determinar con mayor acierto las deficiencias de nuestros estudiantes. Objetivo: Evaluar el nivel de eficiencia física a estudiantes de Medicina. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio explicativo con diseño experimental, en la Filial de Ciencias Médicas Gabriela Arias del municipio de Cárdenas, en el curso escolar 2015-2016. El universo estuvo constituido por 54 estudiantes de Medicina de primer año quienes cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión; seleccionaron una muestra de 20, que se distribuyeron aleatoriamente en dos grupos, al grupo control se les aplicó las pruebas de aptitud físicas integradoras del programa de la signatura Educación Física y al grupo estudio las pruebas funcionales de terreno. Resultados: Las pruebas de aptitud físicas integradoras establecidas por el programa, no poseen ninguna prueba que determine la capacidad aeróbica y, por ende, los P1 no cuentan con la calidad científica requerida. Las pruebas funcionales de terreno permiten realizar una correcta planificación de las cargas de entrenamiento y lograr cumplir con los objetivos de la preparación, conociendo las características funcionales de los estudiantes y sus respuestas a las cargas de entrenamiento. Conclusiones: La aplicación de las pruebas funcionales de terreno permite una mayor integralidad en el proceso de evaluación de los diferentes sistemas energéticos, aeróbicos y anaeróbicos(AU)

Introduction: The quality of the teaching-learning process in Physical Education, depends on the appropriate development of abilities and physical capacities, which implies the search of more appropriate ways of determining the deficiencies of our students in a more successful way. Objective: To evaluate the level of physical efficiency in medical students. Material and Methods: An explanatory study with experiment design was conducted in the Subsidiary of Medical Sciences Gabriela Arias in Cárdenas municipality during the 2015-2016 academic year. The universe was composed of 54 first year medical students that fulfilled the inclusion criteria; a sample of 20 students was selected, who were randomly distributed in two groups. Tests of physical integrated behavior corresponding to the Physical Education syllabus were applied to the control group; and field tests of functional performance were applied to the experimental group. Results: The tests of physical integrated behavior conceived in the syllabus, do not demonstrate any evidence that determines the aerobic capacity; therefore, the lesson plans do not have the required scientific quality. The field tests of functional performance allow to carry out a correct planning of the training loads to be able to fulfill the objectives of the preparation, knowing the functional characteristics of the students and their responses to the training loads. Conclusions: The application of the field tests of functional performance provides a greater comprehensiveness in the evaluation process of the different energetic, aerobic, and anaerobic systems(AU)

Fitbit, una app para medir la actividad física diaria / Fitbit app: tracking all day physical activity

Fitbit es conocida básicamente por su capacidad de seguimiento de actividades, y la App es una herramienta adicional para ello. La App puede contar los pasos, las calorías quemadas, y junto con otros productos Fitbit puede incluso grabar otras informaciones útiles como la presión sanguínea, los niveles de glucosa o los patrones de sueño. El objetivo del artículo de opinión es realizar una revisión de Fitbit, una app de la categoría de deportes y salud, que puede tener aplicaciones clínicas importantes(AU)

Fitbit is basically known for its ability to track activities, and the App is an additional tool for this. The App can count the steps, the calories burned, and along with other products Fitbit can even record other useful information such as blood pressure, glucose levels or sleep patterns. The objective of the opinion article is to carry out a review of Fitbit, an app in the sports and health category, which may have important clinical applications(AU)

Physical Activity Enjoyment, Perceived Barriers, and Beliefs Among Adolescents With and Without Intellectual Disabilities.

BACKGROUND: Youths with intellectual disabilities (ID) exhibit low levels of physical activity, but the underlying contributors to behavior are unclear. We compared physical activity enjoyment, perceived barriers, beliefs, and self-efficacy among adolescents with ID and typically developing (TD) adolescents. METHODS: A questionnaire was administered to 38 adolescents with ID (mean age, 16.8 years) and 60 TD adolescents (mean age, 15.3 years). Of the original 33 questionnaire items, 23 met the test-retest reliability criteria and were included in the group comparisons. RESULTS: Fewer adolescents with ID reported that they have someone with whom to do physical activity (64% vs 93%: P < .001), and a greater percentage of adolescents with ID perceived that physical activities were too hard to learn (41% vs 0%; P < .001). Fewer adolescents with ID believed that physical activity would be good for their health (92% vs 100%; P = .05). More adolescents with ID reported a dislike of individual physical activities (P = .02). A large percentage of adolescents with ID (84%) responded that they were good at doing physical activities, but the difference between groups was only of borderline significance (95% of TD adolescents, P = .06). CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents shared many of the same perceptions about physical activity, but some important differences between groups were identified.

Do all health care professionals have a responsibility to prescribe and promote regular physical activity: or let us carry on doing nothing.

Physical inactivity's propensity to cause preventable morbidity and mortality grossly is under-recognized by both the public and by health care professionals. If health care professionals are serious about doing the best for every patient every patient visit, then we must be skilled in assessing physical activity levels as well as providing appropriate advice and must be able to guide patients through options and to activity. We have a professional duty and responsibility to know and deliver best treatments as well as keep ourselves up to date with and strive for the current best practice. Physical activity is central to health, and doing nothing is not a responsible option for our patients or health care professionals. More importantly, there is an urgent need for all health care professionals to embrace physical activity and strive for systems change, at governmental, organizational, educational, and medical leadership levels.

Eficacia y tolerancia de un condroprotector oral a base de ácido hialurónico y colágeno hidrolizado sobre la funcionalidad articular en individuos activos con artrosis de rodilla / Efficacy and tolerance of an oral hyaluronate and collagen chondroprotector on joint function in active adults suffering from knee osteoarthritis

Introducción: Se estudió la eficacia y la tolerancia de la administración diaria de un condroprotector oral conteniendo ácido hialurónico (AH) y colágeno hidrolizado (HC) sobre la funcionalidad articular, y el dolor asociado, en individuos activos afectos de osteoartrosis de rodilla. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio piloto exploratorio en fase IV, multicéntrico, abierto y no comparativo. Se incluyeron 108 sujetos afectos de osteoartrosis de rodilla que realizaban actividad física diaria. Se les administró, durante 90 días consecutivos, un vial oral con 7g de HC y 25mg de AH. La evaluación clínica de la funcionalidad articular y del dolor se realizó utilizando el índice WOMAC para incapacidad funcional y rigidez, una escala analógica visual (EAV) para dolor, y la opinión del médico y el paciente. Resultados: La evolución de la escala WOMAC, en sus componentes de incapacidad funcional y rigidez, mostró un progresivo descenso a partir de la visita inicial (p<0,01). Paralelamente, se produjo una disminución del dolor articular desde el inicio del tratamiento (p<0,01). Se observó un aumento de la eficacia en las sucesivas visitas. La tolerancia al tratamiento fue valorada positivamente durante todo el estudio. Conclusiones: La administración oral de un suplemento diario de AH y HC durante 90 días consecutivos es eficaz, mejorando la capacidad funcional de la articulación y disminuyendo el dolor en individuos activos con gonartrosis. El valor medio de todos los parámetros de eficacia a lo largo de las diferentes visitas indicó una clara mejoría durante todo el estudio. El tratamiento fue bien tolerado(AU)

Introduction: To study the efficacy and tolerance of the daily administration of an oral chondroprotector based on hyaluronate (HA) and hydrolysed collagen (HC) on joint function and pain in active adults suffering from knee osteoarthritis. Material and methods: A phase IV exploratory, multicentre, open and non-comparative pilot study was performed, which included 108 subjects affected by knee osteoarthritis who practised daily physical activity. They took one daily vial containing 7g of HC and 25mg of HA for 90 consecutive days. The clinical evaluation of joint function and pain was performed using the WOMAC Index for functional disability and stiffness, a visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, and the opinion of the doctor as well as the patient suffering from knee osteoarthritis. Results: The changes in the WOMAC scale, in its components of functional disability and stiffness, showed a gradual decrease after the initial visit (P<.01). At the same time, a reduction in joint pain was observed from the beginning of the treatment (P<.01). Efficacy evaluation of the treatment increased with time. Tolerance was positively evaluated during the whole treatment. Conclusions: The oral administration of a daily supplement of HA and HC for 90 consecutive days was effective in improving joint function and reducing pain in active adults suffering from knee osteoarthritis. The mean value of all efficacy evaluations during the different visits showed a clear improvement during all the follow-up. The treatment was well tolerated throughout the study(AU)

Influencia de determinantes socio-demográficos en la adherencia a las recomendaciones de actividad física en personas de entre 15 y 74 años de Madrid / Influence of socio-demographic correlates on the adherence to physical activity recommendations in adults aged from 15-to 74 years. Madrid, Spain

Fundamento: Conocer el nivel de adherencia de las personas a las recomendaciones de actividad física (AF) es de interés socio-sanitario. El objetivo del presente estudio fue describir el nivel de adherencia a las recomendaciones de AF por los adultos de la Comunidad de Madrid, así como analizar su asociación con posibles determinantes socio-demográfi-cos. Métodos: En el presente estudio transversal se realizó una encuesta telefónica a una muestra de 1.500 personas de 15 a 74 años de la Comunidad de Madrid. La AF se evaluó con la versión 2 del Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQv2) y se clasificó en tres niveles de intensidad (bajo, moderado y alto), según procedimiento de análisis del GPAQv2. Las variables socio-demográficas estudiadas fueron: sexo, edad, nivel de estudios, ocupación, estado civil, consumo de tabaco y salud percibida. Para analizar la asociación entre las características socio-demográficas y la AF, se realizaron análisis de regresión logística multinomial. Resultados: El 82% de los varones y 78% de las mujeres (80% en total) tenían un nivel global de AF moderado o alto, y el 40,1% y el 22,6% (31% en total) de los varones y mujeres, respectivamente, alcanzó las recomendaciones de AF en el tiempo libre. Tenían más probabilidades de no alcanzar las recomendaciones de AF los participantes con estudios superiores (OR: 2,05; 95%IC: 1,48-2,86), los fumadores habituales (OR: 1,41; 95%IC: 1,04-1,90) y los que percibían su salud como mala (OR: 3,58; 95%IC: 2,39-5,38). En cuanto a la edad fueron las personas del grupo entre 35-44 años las que tenían menos probabilidades de no cumplirlas (OR: 0,61; 95%IC: 0,39-0,95) y 45-54 (OR: 0,52; 95%IC: 0,32-0,83). Conclusiones: El 20% de las personas de la Comunidad de Madrid que tienen entre 15 y 74 años no cumplen con las recomendaciones mínimas de AF, y cuando se considera la AF realizada exclusivamente durante el tiempo libre se llega al 69% de los participantes que no alcanzan las recomendaciones de AF. El nivel de estudios, el hábito de fumar y la percepción de tener mala salud influyen en los niveles de AF(AU)

Background: To know the adherence to physical activity recommendations of the population is of clinical and social interest. The aim of this study was to estimate the proportion of Spanish adults adhering to the physical activity recommendations, and to examine the influences of socio-demographic correlates. Methods: In the present cross-sectional study we conducted a telephone survey of 1,500 Spanish adults (15-74 years old) from Madrid (Spain). Physical activity (work place, transport and leisure time) was assessed with the version 2 of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQv2). Participants were categorized in three physical activity levels (low, moderate and high). The socio-demographic correlates included: gender, age, educational level, employment status, marital status, smoking status, and self-perceived health. The association between socio-demographic factors and physical activity was examined with multinomial logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 82% of men and 78% of women (total 80%) had moderate to high levels of physical activity, yet, when considering the leisure time physical activity, only 40,1% of mean and 22,6% of women (total 31.1%) reach the recommendations. Participants with university degree (OR: 2.05; 95%IC: 1.48-2.86), those who were smokers (OR: 1.41; 95%IC: 1.04-1.90), and those who perceived their health as bad (OR: 3.58; 95%IC: 2.39-5.38) were more likely to not to reach the recommendations. In contrast, those participants aged 35-44 years (OR: 0.61; 95%IC: 0.39-0.95) and 45-54 years (OR: 0.52; 95%IC: 0.32-0.83) were less likely not to reach the recommendations. Conclusions: The 20% of adults from Madrid did not reach the physical activity recommendations, and when considering only leisure time physical activity, only 69% reached the recommendations. The findings suggest that the educational level, smoking status, and the self-perceived health seem to be key determinants. There is a large diversity in the physical activity levels in the population subgroup; therefore, there is a need of developing socialecological approaches to physical activity promotion(AU)