ABSTRACT
This report examines the delivery of sports physiotherapy at the Tsing Ma Bridge marathon and 10 km race in Hong Kong. The incidence, type of injury encountered, and treatment modalities selected are examined. The report also highlights the flexibility required when planning the provision of such a service.
Subject(s)
Physical Therapy Modalities , Running/injuries , Adolescent , Adult , Climate , Cryotherapy , Female , Hong Kong , Hot Temperature , Humans , Humidity , Incidence , Knee Injuries/etiology , Knee Injuries/rehabilitation , Leg Injuries/etiology , Leg Injuries/rehabilitation , Male , Massage , Middle Aged , Muscle Cramp/etiology , Muscle Cramp/rehabilitation , Rain , Risk Factors , Soft Tissue Injuries/etiology , Soft Tissue Injuries/rehabilitation , Sprains and Strains/etiology , Sprains and Strains/rehabilitationSubject(s)
Dystonia/rehabilitation , Hand , Muscle Cramp/rehabilitation , Self-Help Devices , Writing , Female , Humans , Middle AgedABSTRACT
The management of "functional" cramps known as professional cramps is often considered as very disappointing. Minor objective anomalies which can be detected upon clinical evaluation are common findings: rigidity of antagonist muscles, abnormal postures involving the proximal limbs, trunk and head, poor subjective perception of muscular contraction and relaxation, and coordination abnormalities during motion. In addition, patients have a distinctive psychological status. Rehabilitation should be principally psychomotor, including: psychotherapy based on analysis of the personality, rectification of abnormal postures and rehabilitation of the impaired motion bearing mainly on the antagonist muscles. Removable ortheses may be useful adjuncts. Analysis of results in 31 patients: 6 writers, 13 pianists, 10 guitarists, 1 conductor and 1 flutist.
Subject(s)
Muscle Cramp/rehabilitation , Occupational Diseases/rehabilitation , Physical Therapy Modalities/methods , Female , Humans , Male , Posture , PsychotherapyABSTRACT
Problems involving the coordination of movements of the hand analogous to the "writers cramp" have been seen in musicians and other professions. They occur in individuals with muscular imbalance, who assume abnormal body postures affecting not only the involved limb but also the spine and pelvis. These patients also often have a particular psychological make up. Treatment is based on the re-training of their muscular actions and on teaching the patients to avoid assuming abnormal stances or postures.
Subject(s)
Hand/physiopathology , Muscle Cramp/etiology , Music , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Writing , Arm/physiopathology , Attitude , Attitude to Health , Exercise Therapy , Humans , Muscle Contraction/physiology , Muscle Cramp/diagnosis , Muscle Cramp/psychology , Muscle Cramp/rehabilitation , Muscle Cramp/therapy , Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Occupational Diseases/psychology , Occupational Diseases/rehabilitation , Occupational Diseases/therapy , Orthotic Devices , Pelvic Bones/physiopathology , Physical Therapy Modalities , Posture , Shoulder/physiopathology , Spine/physiopathologyABSTRACT
A theoretical model of writer's cramp is presented. In addition to the original emotional arousal and subsequent conditioned stimuli inherent in a classical conditioning paradigm, this model stresses the role of operant behaviors in the maintenance of the disorder. The immediate consequences of the actual cramp and subsequent escape behaviors are emphasized. An extinction procedure consisting of response-cost and response-prevention measures is tested using an A-B-A-B design. Two patients totally unable to write, were able to increase cramp latency and were gradually retrained to write. Follow-up assessments at 6, 9 and 12 months confirmed the treatment gains.
