ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical presentations of patients diagnosed with ocular adnexal or orbital squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which possess features similar to feline restrictive orbital myofibroblastic sarcoma (FROMS). PROCEDURES: A retrospective review of adnexal and/or orbital SCC was performed. Cases were collected from the University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine and the Comparative Ocular Pathology Laboratory of Wisconsin (COPLOW) (1990-2016). Data included signalment, ophthalmic clinical signs, nonophthalmic history and clinical signs, clinician suspicion of FROMS, advanced imaging results, and subsequent histopathologic diagnosis. FROMS cases from the COPLOW over the same time span were reviewed and compared statistically to the SCC cases with a significance threshold of 0.05. RESULTS: Nineteen cases (20 eyes) were identified with adnexal SCC with features similar to FROMS, including keratitis and eyelid/third eyelid restriction and/or thickening. There were no statistically significant differences between clinical findings in the SCC cases and the identified and compared FROMS cases (57 cases; 67 eyes), except for exophthalmos and/or resistance to retropulsion, which was less common in SCC cases (20%) than in FROMS cases (47.8%) (P = 0.027); and clinical or imaged presence of an overt eyelid or orbital mass, which was more common in the SCC cases (30%) than in the FROMS cases (4.5%) (P = 0.0010). CONCLUSIONS: SCC with adnexal involvement has many features similar to FROMS. In addition to FROMS, SCC should be considered a differential diagnosis in cats with restrictive adnexal or orbital signs and corneal changes.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/veterinary , Cat Diseases/diagnosis , Eyelid Neoplasms/veterinary , Fibrosarcoma/veterinary , Myosarcoma/veterinary , Orbital Neoplasms/veterinary , Animals , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/secondary , Cat Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Cat Diseases/mortality , Cats , Diagnosis, Differential , Eyelid Neoplasms/diagnosis , Eyelid Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Eyelid Neoplasms/mortality , Female , Fibrosarcoma/diagnosis , Fibrosarcoma/mortality , Fibrosarcoma/secondary , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/veterinary , Male , Myosarcoma/diagnosis , Myosarcoma/mortality , Myosarcoma/secondary , Orbital Neoplasms/diagnosis , Orbital Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Orbital Neoplasms/mortality , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Mitotic activity and tumor size are currently regarded as the most powerful prognostic indicators for patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). This retrospective study evaluated the prognostic accuracy of MIB-1 proliferative index (PI) in combination with these two indicators in 35 GIST patients. Within a high-risk group, determined initially by tumor size and mitotic count, overall survival was significantly shorter for patients whose tumors had PI > or = 10% MIB-1 positive cells. When tumor location (gastric versus small intestine) was taken into account, a combination of tumor size, mitotic count, and PI > or = 10% identified a subgroup of patients with significantly shorter survival for gastric (but not small intestinal) GIST. Based on our results, MIB-1 immunostaining, when used in combination with tumor size and mitotic count, appears to be a powerful tool for identifying patients, especially those with gastric tumors, at high risk of recurrence and early tumor-related death.
Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Intestinal Neoplasms/pathology , Ki-67 Antigen/analysis , Mitotic Index , Myosarcoma/pathology , Stomach Neoplasms/pathology , Stromal Cells/pathology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Intestinal Neoplasms/mortality , Intestines/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Muscle, Smooth/pathology , Myosarcoma/mortality , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology , Predictive Value of Tests , Prognosis , Stomach/pathology , Stomach Neoplasms/mortality , Survival RateABSTRACT
A retrospective study was made of 38 myosarcomas of the small and large intestines (34 leiomyosarcomas and 4 malignant leiomyoblastomas). Endoenteric, small, and noninvasive tumors were successfully treated by simple wedge excision, cautery snare removal, or segmental bowel resection with a high 5-yr cure rate of 86% (12/14). Exo-enteric tumors often invaded adjacent structures or perforated into the peritoneal cavity. Extensive resection procedures, including pancreaticoduodenectomy, abdominoperineal resection, and pelvic exenteration salvaged only 13% (2/16) of these patients. Three clinicopathologic factors adversely affected prognosis: i) tumor size greater than 5 cm in diameter, ii) extra-intestinal invasion or free perforation, and iii) high histopathologic grade of malignancy. The presence of none, one, two, or three of these adverse factors gave decreasing 5-yr survival rates of 100, 44, 31, and 0%, respectively. These observations suggest use of a multimodal treatment program that may minimize treatment failure from local as well as distant disease.
