ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Intakes of choline and betaine have been inversely related to the risk of various neoplasms, but scant data exist on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We examined the association between consumption of choline and betaine and risk of NPC. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study with 600 incident NPC patients and 600 controls 1 : 1 matched by age, sex and household type in Guangdong, China. Dietary intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire through face-to-face interview. RESULTS: Intakes of total choline, betaine and choline+betaine were inversely related to NPC after adjustment for various lifestyle and dietary factors (all P-trend <0.001). Adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) for quartile 4 (vs quartile 1) were 0.42 (0.29, 0.61) for total choline, 0.50 (0.35, 0.72) for betaine and 0.44 (0.30, 0.64) for betaine+total choline. Regarding various sources of choline, lower NPC risk was associated with greater intakes of choline from phosphatidylcholine, free choline, glycerophosphocholine and phosphocholine, but not sphingomyelin. CONCLUSION: These findings are consistent with a beneficial effect of choline and betaine intakes on carcinogenesis.
Subject(s)
Betaine/administration & dosage , Choline/administration & dosage , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/diet therapy , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/pathology , Adult , Aged , Carcinogenesis/drug effects , Carcinoma , Case-Control Studies , China , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Tumor-induced osteomalacia is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by hypophosphatemia and inappropriately normal or low 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. CLINICAL CASE: Here, we report a 6-year postoperative follow-up of a patient with oncogenic osteomalacia with a distinctive skeletal manifestation. The latter was characterized by an almost linear lytic lesion of a few millimeters with irregular borders, mainly involving the trabecular compartment but extending into cortical shell, located in the middle third of the right fibula. Six years after tumor resection, a sclerotic repair with a complete recovery was observed. Furthermore, we monitored a striking increase in bone mineral density throughout the observation period, reaching a peak of 73% over basal values at lumbar spine after 2 years; at total femur and radius, the peak was 47.5 and 4.6% respectively, after 4 years from tumor resection. CONCLUSIONS: We report for the first time that an osteolytic lesion may be part of the skeletal involvement in tumor-induced osteomalacia.
