ABSTRACT
Neisseria mucosa, a Gram-negative diplococcus, is part of normal nasopharyngeal flora. We report a case of bacteremia caused by N. mucosa in a 50-year-old neutropenic patient suffering from non-secretory multiple myeloma stage IIIA. This case underscores that mostly nonpathogenic N. mucosa can cause bacteremia in neutropenic patients who developed mucositis after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Subject(s)
Bacteremia/etiology , Neisseria mucosa/pathogenicity , Neisseriaceae Infections/etiology , Bacteremia/microbiology , Female , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects , Humans , Immunocompromised Host , Middle Aged , Multiple Myeloma/complications , Multiple Myeloma/therapy , Neisseria mucosa/classification , Neisseria mucosa/genetics , Neisseriaceae Infections/microbiology , Neutropenia/complicationsSubject(s)
Bacteremia/etiology , HIV Infections/complications , Neisseria mucosa/isolation & purification , Neisseriaceae Infections/diagnosis , Pneumonia, Bacterial/etiology , Substance Abuse, Intravenous/complications , Adult , Bacteremia/microbiology , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation , Heroin Dependence/complications , Heroin Dependence/drug therapy , Humans , Immunocompromised Host , Male , Methadone/therapeutic use , Neisseria mucosa/pathogenicity , Neisseriaceae Infections/complications , Neisseriaceae Infections/microbiology , Pacemaker, Artificial , Pneumonia, Bacterial/microbiology , Polypharmacy , Postoperative Complications/microbiology , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Measuring cell proliferation and cell death during bacterial infection involves performing end-point assays that represent the response at a single time point. A new technology from Roche Applied Science and ACEA Biosciences allows continuous monitoring of cells in real-time using specialized cell culture microplates containing micro-electrodes. The xCELLigence system enables continuous measurement and quantification of cell adhesion, proliferation, spreading, cell death and detachment, thus creating a picture of cell function during bacterial infection. Furthermore, lag and log phases can be determined to estimate optimal times to infect cells. In this study we used this system to provide valuable insights into cell function in response to several virulence factors of the meningitis causing pathogen Neisseria meningitidis, including the lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the polysaccharide capsule and the outer membrane protein Opc. We observed that prolonged time of infection with pathogenic Neisseria strains led to morphological changes including cell rounding and loss of cell-cell contact, thus resulting in changed electrical impedance as monitored in real-time. Furthermore, cell function in response to 14 strains of apathogenic Neisseria spp. (N. lactamica and N. mucosa) was analyzed. In contrast, infection with apathogenic N. lactamica isolates did not change electrical impedance monitored for 48 h. Together our data show that this system can be used as a rapid monitoring tool for cellular function in response to bacterial infection and combines high data acquisition rates with ease of handling.
Subject(s)
Endothelial Cells/drug effects , Endothelial Cells/physiology , Neisseria meningitidis/pathogenicity , Virulence Factors/toxicity , Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/toxicity , Cells, Cultured , Electric Impedance , Epithelial Cells/drug effects , Epithelial Cells/physiology , Fibroblasts/drug effects , Fibroblasts/physiology , Humans , Lipopolysaccharides/toxicity , Neisseria lactamica/pathogenicity , Neisseria mucosa/pathogenicity , Polysaccharides, Bacterial/toxicityABSTRACT
No disponible
