Compression-induced dedifferentiation of adipocytes promotes tumor progression.

Dysregulated physical stresses are generated during tumorigenesis that affect the surrounding compliant tissues including adipocytes. However, the effect of physical stressors on the behavior of adipocytes and their cross-talk with tumor cells remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that compression of cells, resulting from various types of physical stresses, can induce dedifferentiation of adipocytes via mechanically activating Wnt/ß-catenin signaling. The compression-induced dedifferentiated adipocytes (CiDAs) have a distinct transcriptome profile, long-term self-renewal, and serial clonogenicity, but do not form teratomas. We then show that CiDAs notably enhance human mammary adenocarcinoma proliferation both in vitro and in a xenograft model, owing to myofibrogenesis of CiDAs in the tumor-conditioned environment. Collectively, our results highlight unique physical interplay in the tumor ecosystem; tumor-induced physical stresses stimulate de novo generation of CiDAs, which feedback to tumor growth.

Posttraumatic lipoma: fact or fiction?

BACKGROUND: Both trauma and lipomas are a common occurrence in surgical practice. Lipomas are usually benign adipose tumors with as-yet unexplained pathogenesis and etiology. A link between soft tissue trauma and the formation of lipomas has been described, with the latter being named posttraumatic lipomas. METHODS: Twenty-three cases of posttraumatic lipomas in 19 patients treated at our institution between August 2001 and January 2005 were reviewed with regard to medical history, magnetic resonance imaging findings, intraoperative findings, clinical chemistry, and histology. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 50.0 years (+/-15.5). The average time between soft tissue trauma and lipoma formation was 2.6 years (range, 0.5-6.0 years). Sixteen of the 19 patients reported extensive and slowly resolving hematoma formation after the traumatic event. Nine of 23 lipomas were found on the upper extremities, 3 on the lower extremities, 9 on the trunk, and 2 on the face. All tumors were located epifascially. Twenty-two lipomas were removed by simple excision and, in one case, aspiration lipectomy was performed. Pathology demonstrated capsulated and noncapsulated benign adipose tumors in 23 cases. The average body mass index, amounted to 30 kg/m(2) (+/-7.6 kg/m(2)). Seven patients without known bleeding disorders presented with an elevated partial thromboplastin time. CONCLUSIONS: The pathogenetic link between soft tissue trauma and the formation of posttraumatic lipomas is still controversially discussed. There are 2 potential explanations to correlate soft tissue trauma and adipose tissue tumor growth. The first is the formation of so-called posttraumatic pseudolipomas by prolapsing adipose tissue through fascia resulting from direct impact. A second possibility points toward lipoma formation as a result of preadipocyte differentiation and proliferation mediated by cytokine release following soft tissue trauma and hematoma formation.

[Cytomorphological features of the fatty tissue tumors of the liver]. / Tsitomorfologichni osobenosti na tumorite na mastnata tukan s lokalizatsiia v cherniia drob.

The necrotizing soft tissue infection caused by anaerobic microorganisms or by mixed aerobic-anaerobic flora is one of the most severe infections in surgical practice with a mortality rate up to 75%. Of great importance for successful treatment are the early diagnosis followed by aggressive debridement and adequate antibacterial therapy. Depending on the studies of 358 isolates made in the Clinic of Septic Surgery, we specify the most often used antibiotics in cases of severe anaerobic surgical infection. It is established that the incidence of this severe infection is unpredictable and its spreading depends on the immune answer the concomitant illnesses and the previous undertaken surgeries of the patient.

Angiopaniculitis granulomatosa mamaria / Mammary granulomatous angiopanniculitis

Introducción Las lesiones granulomatosas en la mama constituyen un variado espectro de alteracione que pueden traducir diferentes tipos de afecciones. Material y método: Presentamos una observación clinicopatológica acerca de una paciente de 49 años de edad que mostró lesiones recurrentes, primero en las mamas y más tarde en el muslo y pierna, que se resolvieron de forma espontánea sin ningún tratamiento. Resultados: EL examen citológico por punción de todas las lesiones mostró granulomas no necronizantes. El estudio histológico de la lesión mamaria evidenció una angiopaniculitis granulomatosa mamaria, consistente en la asociación de una angeítis llinfoide y una paniculitis granulomatosa no necronizante. Conclusión: La angiopaniculitis granulomatosa mamaria debe diferenciarse de las llamadas mastitis granulomatosas idiopáticas. El proceso puede simular clínica y radiográficamente un proceso neoplásico. Su curso evolutivo, a pesar de su carácter recurrente, es benigno, siendo considerada por algunos autores como una variedad de la enfermedad de Weber-Christian (AU)