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1.
Med. UIS ; 13(1): 19-7, ene.-feb. 1999.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-294235

ABSTRACT

La neurocisticercosis en la enfermedad parasitaria más frecuente del sistema nervioso central; corresponde a la fase larvaria o quística de la infestación por la Taenia solium. Tiene una distribución mundial, con mucha mayor frecuencia en países en vía de desarrollo, donde las malas condiciones higienicas, la pobre disposición de excretas y las formas primitivas de criar cerdos favorecen su diseminación. Los quistes se pueden localizar en el parénquima cerebral, meninges, sistema ventricular y médula espinal. Las manifestaciones clínicas más importantes son el síndrome convulsivo, la hidrocefalia, las alteraciones psiquiátricas y las disfunciones del tracto piramidal, pero pueden dar origen a casi cualquier cuadro clínico. El diagnóstico se basa en la ponderación de los datos epidemiológicos, clínicos, imagenológicos. La tomografía axial computarizada y la resonancia nuclear magnética son de gran utilidad para establecer la presencia de la enfermedad, así como el número y actividad de las lesiones. Los métodos inmunológicos ayudan a confirmar el diagnóstico y han permitido establecer la epidemiología de la enfermedad. Existen medicamentos cisticidas efectivos para su tratamiento, pero hay controversias a cerca de las indicaciones de los mismos. El complejo tenia/cisticercosis es una de las enfermedades erradicables en el futuro utilizando los conocimientos existentes sobre su transmisión y control.


Subject(s)
Humans , Neurocysticercosis/diagnosis , Neurocysticercosis/drug therapy , Neurocysticercosis/etiology , Neurocysticercosis/physiopathology , Neurocysticercosis/rehabilitation
2.
Rev Neurol ; 29(11): 1003-6, 1999.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10637857

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Neurocysticercosis is one of the main causes of epilepsy in the tropics, particularly in Central and South America. OBJECTIVES: To report the only five patients diagnosed in a tertiary care institution as having neurocysticercosis and its relation to epilepsy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We made a retrospective study, reviewing the clinical histories of patients admitted to the Instituto de Neurologia y Neurocirugia of La Habana, Cuba, over 25 years up to 1989, to determine those with neurocysticercosis. RESULTS: We found only five patients, representing a frequency of 0.01% of all admissions. We discuss the origin of these cases and their possible place of infection, showing that this is almost non-existent in Cuba since three of the cases were of foreigners and there was evidence that the two Cubans had acquired the disease abroad. The correlation between neurocysticercosis and epilepsy (4 of 5 cases) was assessed. The main symptoms were analyzed: the three most important, in order, were tonic-clonic convulsions, headache and motor deficit respectively. The epileptic seizures were classified as secondary generalized partial seizures (symptomatic partial epilepsy secondary to cysticercosis). The clinical form, when the site is considered, was inactive, with intraparenchymatous and meningeal (mixed) calcifications in one case. CONCLUSION: We assess the elements which permit diagnosis, the efficacy of anti-helminth treatment and the drugs used to treat epilepsy and cerebral oedema, the prognosis as a function of the diagnosis and the treatment.


Subject(s)
Epilepsies, Partial/epidemiology , Epilepsies, Partial/etiology , Neurocysticercosis/complications , Neurocysticercosis/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Cuba/epidemiology , Electroencephalography , Epilepsies, Partial/diagnosis , Female , Hospitalization , Humans , Male , Neurocysticercosis/cerebrospinal fluid , Neurocysticercosis/rehabilitation , Patient Admission/statistics & numerical data , Retrospective Studies
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