Shave Excision Versus Elliptical Excision of Nonpigmented Intradermal Melanocytic Nevi: Comparative Assessment of Recurrence and Cosmetic Outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Nonpigmented intradermal melanocytic nevi (IMN) are benign lesions often removed for cosmetic reasons. There is no consensus as to the best technique for IMN excision. OBJECTIVE: To compare cosmetic outcomes and risk of recurrence after shave excision versus elliptical excision of IMN. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this randomized clinical trial, patients underwent shave excision or elliptical excision with sutured closure of IMN of the face or back. Recurrence, patient satisfaction, cosmetic outcome, postoperative discomfort, scar size, discoloration, and presence of hypertrophic or keloid scars were evaluated at 3, 6, and 9 months. RESULTS: Overall, 145 nevi were removed from 45 patients (86.7% women, mean age 52.1 ± 12.5 years). The recurrence rate was 11.7%, occurring only after shave excision; 94.1% of recurrences were observed at 3-month follow-up. Shave excision was associated with less discomfort 48 hours after intervention but a greater likelihood of involved lateral and deep margins (p < .001). Scars were larger after elliptical excision and suture than after shave excision (p < .01). The mean patient satisfaction was higher in the shave excision group (p < .004). CONCLUSION: Shave excision of IMN is associated with higher rates of involved surgical margins and recurrence than elliptical excision but provides superior cosmesis and patient satisfaction.

Intradermal nevi with atypical nuclei in the elderly: The senescent nevus.

BACKGROUND: Benign melanocytic nevi removed from elderly patients may demonstrate focal areas with nuclear atypia. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the prevalence of these nevi and their clinical and histologic features. METHODS: Intradermal nevi from patients older than 60 years were evaluated for areas of focal nuclear atypia and analyzed for 9 histologic characteristics. The patients' sex, biopsy sites, and clinical diagnoses were also tabulated. A statistical analysis of the 2 groups was undertaken. RESULTS: In all, 197 specimens from 157 patients were found. Twenty exhibited nuclear atypia (senescent nevi) and 177 did not (benign nevi). Significant differences were found for suggested clinical diagnosis, epithelioid-appearing melanocytes, the number of mast cells, evidence of solar elastosis, the number of intranuclear pseudoinclusions, and the presence of abnormally staining connective tissue. LIMITATIONS: This is a single-site, retrospective analysis involving a modest number of specimens. In addition, only a single age group was evaluated and only intradermal nevi were examined. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of focal nuclear atypia in benign melanocytic nevi in the elderly is not a rare finding. As these features are likely a result of the age of the lesion and possibly of long-standing ultraviolet light exposure, the term "senescent" nevus is suggested.

Nevus comedonicus: a case series.

Twelve previously unreported cases of nevus comedonicus are presented. Characteristic closely grouped dilated follicular openings with horny plugs that mimic comedones led to the diagnosis. One patient had nevus comedonicus syndrome and there were cases with atypical locations and unusual complications of this condition. We also highlight clinical associations and therapeutic options.

Benign lip lesions. A 10-year retrospective study.

OBJECTIVES: This paper aims to present a retrospective analysis of a cohort of patients with benign lip lesions managed over the last decade at the Department of Maxillofacial Surgical Oncology of Theagenio Cancer Hospital of Thessaloniki. It aims to highlight the substantial clinical and histological diversity of the lesions, as well as to present an epidemiological analysis for the specific cohort/population. STUDY DESIGN: During the period 1995-2004 a total of 420 patients were managed for lip lesions. Of these, 280 were malignant and 116 benign. A total of 24 cases of actinic keratosis were added in the latter group. RESULTS: Of the benign lesions, the commonest were haemangiomas (19.28%), actinic keratosis (17.14%), intradermal naevus (14.28%), fibroma (9.28%), papilloma (7.85%), mild and moderate dysplasia (7.85%) and mucocele (7.14%). The group included 17 different histological types of benign lesions. The most frequent site of presentation was the lower lip (56.42%). Post-operative follow-up ranged from 6 months to 2 years (average 15.5 months). There was a single case of recurrence during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Benign lip lesions do not usually pose a problem for the clinician and their surgical management is straightforward. Accurate auditing and detailed statistical analysis aid in disease prevention and help avoid errors in diagnosis and management.

Clinical analysis of benign eyelid and conjunctival tumors.

PURPOSE: To assess the relative frequency and clinicopathologic characteristics of benign conjunctival tumors. METHODS: A retrospective study of 80 consecutive patients admitted to our hospital with benign eyelid and conjunctival tumor between April 2000 and November 2002 was undertaken, and clinical records including age, sex and involved site of tumors and pathology slides of the patients were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: Twenty-three males and 33 females presented with benign eyelid tumors and 12 males and 12 females with conjunctival tumors. Mean age was 42.3 and 29.7 years, respectively. The lower eyelid was involved in 27 (48.2%) of eyelid tumors and the medial conjunctiva in 14 (58.3%) of conjunctival tumors. The most frequent tumor was intradermal nevus (44.6%), seborrheic keratosis (16.1%) and compound nevus (10.7%) in eyelid tumors, and compound nevus (29.2%) and intradermal nevus (25.0%) in conjunctival tumors. CONCLUSION: This report will provides a basic analysis of benign eyelid and conjunctival tumors.

Relative frequency of solitary melanocytic lesions of the oral mucosa.

BACKGROUND: Solitary pigmented lesions of melanocytic origin are uncommon in the oral mucosa. These lesions include the oral and labial melanotic macule, oral melanocytic nevus, oral melanoacanthoma, oral melanoma and atypical melanocytic proliferation. The purpose of the study was twofold: to report a large series of solitary melanocytic lesions from one source, and to determine the relative frequency of these lesions. METHODS: The study was based on a systematic search of the files of the Pacific Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Laboratory, University of the Pacific, San Francisco for solitary pigmented melanocytic lesions (benign and malignant) accessed during the years 1984-2002. RESULTS: Of the 89 430 biopsies accessed during the 19-year period, 773 (0.83%) cases of solitary pigmented melanocytic lesions in the oral mucosa were identified. Oral and labial melanotic macules were the most common melanocytic lesions comprising 86.1% of the entire group and 0.7% of the total number of accessed biopsies. The vermilion border and gingiva were the most common sites (31.1% and 31.0% respectively). Oral melanocytic nevi comprised 11.8% of the entire melanocytic group and 0.1% of the total number of biopsies. The most common site was the palate (44%). Intramucosal nevi were the most common (64%), followed by compound nevi (16.5%) and common blue nevi (16.5%). Junctional nevi were uncommon (3.0%). Oral melanoacanthoma comprised only 0.9% of the entire melanocytic group and 0.008% of the total number of biopsies. Oral melanoma and atypical melanocytic proliferation were the least common lesions each comprising 0.6% of the entire melanocytic group and 0.006% of the total number of biopsies. The most common site for oral melanoma was the palate (60%). CONCLUSION: The palate was the most common location for both melanocytic nevi and oral melanoma. Thus, all melanocytic lesions in the palate should be viewed with caution and biopsy is recommended to rule out melanoma. Further studies are required to elucidate the entity of oral atypical melanocytic proliferation.

Benign atypical junctional melanocytic hyperplasia associated with intradermal nevi: a common finding that may be confused with melanoma in situ.

Over the past few years, consultation cases thought to represent melanoma in situ have been received that consisted of otherwise normal intradermal nevi with an abnormal but benign junctional proliferation of melanocytes that we have termed benign atypical junctional melanocytic hyperplasia. In order to evaluate the incidence of this feature, 400 cases of intradermal nevi were reviewed. Of these, 25 (6.2%) qualified for inclusion, making this a rather common phenomenon. Clinically, patient ages ranged from 18 to 64 years (mean, 35 years), with a male to female ratio of 1:1. Face (40%) and back (32%) were the most common locations. Histologically, the lesions were predominantly dome-shaped with an intradermal component consisting of conventional nevus cells. Most importantly, each lesion exhibited prominent individual nevomelanocytic cells dispersed at uneven intervals along the dermoepidermal junction in insufficient numbers to be considered compound nevi. The cells exhibited abundant pale to clear cytoplasm, an increased nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio, and often exhibited prominent nucleoli. However, these lesions could be distinguished from melanoma in situ by the lack of several features including lateral spread, upward epidermal migration, marked cytologic atypia, finely granular "smoky" melanin pigment, mitotic figures, and a subjacent host inflammatory response. All cases behaved in a benign fashion. Although benign atypical junctional melanocytic hyperplasia is a relatively common histological curiosity, it is a potential pitfall in the diagnosis of pigmented lesions.

Identification of melanoma risk factors in the Polish population.

BACKGROUND: There is a great deal of literature regarding malignant melanoma risk factors all over the world. However, such data concerning the Polish population has not been published as of yet. OBJECTIVE: To identify the importance of melanoma risk factors including number and distribution of common and atypical nevi of the patients, phenotypic features, and environmental conditions. METHODS: This is a case-control study of 74 melanoma patients and 300 controls. We used histopathological examination to confirm diagnosis of melanoma. Epiluminescence microscopy was introduced for differential diagnosis of all pigmented lesions. RESULTS: The mean number of common nevi in melanoma patients was significantly higher compared with the control group (22.1 vs 15.2; P < 0.05). Atypical nevi in the melanoma patients group and in the control group were encountered in 16.2% and 6.6%, respectively (P < 0.05). In the melanoma group more patients with fair complexion, intense sun exposure, and sunburn were identified compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: It was stated that an increased number of nevi (especially atypical ones), fair skin, and blue/green eyes, as well as intense UV exposure and sunburns, are important risk factors for melanoma development.

A new look at nevus-associated melanomas.

The frequency with which malignant melanomas arise in association with preexisting melanocytic nevi has been studied extensively. We opted to evaluate new aspects of this association. In particular, we addressed the relative proportions of acquired versus congenital nevi involved and categorized the acquired nevi according to morphological type. Approximately 23% of the melanomas (29 of 124) in this group arose in association with preexisting nevi of which 55% (n = 16) were acquired and 28% (n = 8) were congenital (small). In 17% (n = 5) a distinction could not confidently be made. Of the acquired nevi, the vast majority were of Clark's type. It is clear that a relatively small proportion of melanomas as a whole are associated with preexisting nevi, and this number should be kept in perspective in devising strategies for early detection and prevention. The involvement of Clark's nevi in this regard is known, but to date the role of small congenital nevi has been underrecognized.

Statistical evaluation of epiluminescence microscopy criteria for melanocytic pigmented skin lesions.

BACKGROUND: Epiluminescence microscopy (ELM) is a noninvasive technique by which the clinical diagnosis of pigmented skin lesions (PSL) can be improved. Many ELM criteria have been described, but their significance in the differential diagnosis of PSL has not yet been established. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the value of ELM criteria in the differential diagnosis of PSL. METHODS: Two hundred one melanocytic PSL (61 common nevi, 60 dysplastic nevi, and 80 melanomas) were investigated with ELM for the presence of certain ELM criteria; their significance was determined by calculating the odds ratios. RESULTS: Individual ELM criteria have different weights of significance in the differential diagnosis of melanocytic PSL. Selected patterns of ELM criteria adjusted to the distinct types of PSL considerably improve the diagnostic accuracy of melanocytic PSL. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of certain distinct ELM criteria in a given melanocytic PSL has statistical value in differential diagnosis.