ABSTRACT
Purpose: The pathophysiologic relationship between vitamin K and glaucoma remains largely unknown. The aim of the study was to explore the effect of dietary vitamin K supplementation in a rat glaucoma model. Methods: Rats were randomly divided into two groups: standard diet and high vitamin K1 (VitK1) diet (300 mg VitK1/kg diet). Induction of chronic ocular hypertension by episcleral vein cauterization was performed on the right eye. The left eye with sham operation served as controls. Rats received standard or high VitK1 diets for 5 weeks after surgery until the end of experiment. Immunohistochemistry analyses of the retina and trabecular meshwork were performed. The change in coagulation function and IOP were evaluated. Results: We observed a significant declined IOP at 2 weeks after surgery in the high VitK1 group compared with the control group. High VitK1 showed no significant effect on the body weight, rat phenotypes, or coagulation function. High VitK1 significantly inhibited the loss of retinal ganglion cells in the retina and increased the expression of matrix gla protein. High VitK1 also ameliorated the collapsed trabecular meshwork structure and increased collagen staining in the trabecular meshwork. Conclusions: High VitK1 intake inhibited the loss of retinal ganglion cells during glaucomatous injury, probably by increasing the expression of matrix gla protein. A transient decrease in the IOP was observed in the high VitK1 group, implying a potential effect of VitK1 on aqueous outflow. Retinal ganglion cells protection by high VitK1 supplementation may be due to the IOP-lowering effects as well as neuroprotective effect. Further research is required to delineate these processes.
Subject(s)
Blood Coagulation/drug effects , Ocular Hypertension , Retinal Ganglion Cells , Trabecular Meshwork , Vitamin K 1 , Animals , Calcium-Binding Proteins/metabolism , Dietary Supplements , Extracellular Matrix Proteins/metabolism , Immunohistochemistry , Neuroprotective Agents , Ocular Hypertension/diagnosis , Ocular Hypertension/diet therapy , Rats , Retinal Ganglion Cells/drug effects , Retinal Ganglion Cells/metabolism , Trabecular Meshwork/drug effects , Trabecular Meshwork/metabolism , Treatment Outcome , Vitamin K 1/administration & dosage , Vitamin K 1/metabolism , Vitamins/administration & dosage , Vitamins/metabolism , Matrix Gla ProteinABSTRACT
Objetivo: Estudiar la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea (dM) en pacientes diagnosticados de glaucoma primario de ángulo abierto (GPAA). Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional para valorar la adherencia a la dM en los pacientes diagnosticados de GPAA que acuden a la consulta del Servicio de Oftalmología del Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Canarias. Consistió en la realización de una encuesta -personal o telefónica-, compuesta de 14 ítems validados por el estudio PREDIMED. Resultados: Se encuestó a 100 pacientes, 50 hombres y 50 mujeres. El grupo de los hombres tenía una edad media de 69,58 años y el de las mujeres, de 67,42 años. Los hombres presentaban mayores comorbilidades que las mujeres (tabaco 28 vs. 6%), hipertensión arterial (60 vs. 56%), diabetes (32 vs. 12%). La adherencia a la dM en hombres fue baja en 9 pacientes (18%), moderada en 37 pacientes (74%) y alta en 4 pacientes (8%). En las mujeres la adherencia a la dM fue baja en 14 pacientes (28%), media en 34 pacientes (68%) y alta en 2 pacientes (6%). El total de adherencia a la dM de los pacientes es baja en el 23%, moderada en el 71% y alta en el 6%. Conclusiones: Los pacientes diagnosticados de GPAA en nuestra área de atención sanitaria presentan en su mayoría una adherencia moderada a la dM. El papel del facultativo es importante y debe mejorar, para proporcionar la información adecuada sobre la dM y sus beneficios respecto al GPAA (AU)
Objective: To study the adherence to the Mediterranean diet in patients affected by primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). Materials and methods: An observational study was conducted to assess the adherence to the Mediterranean diet in patients affected by POAG, and who attended the Ophthalmology Department of the Canary Islands University Hospital. The study included completing a 14-item questionnaire validated by the PREDIMED Study, in person or by telephone. Results: A total of 100 questionnaires were completed successfully by 50 males and 50 females. The mean age was 69.58 years for the males and 67.42 years for women. The men had more comorbidities than women (tobacco 14 vs. 3%), arterial hypertension, and diabetes (30 vs. 28%, and 16 vs. 6%, respectively). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet in males, was low in 9 patients (18%), moderate in 37 (74%), and high in 4 (8%) cases. In women adherence was low in 14 patients (28%), moderate in 34 (68%), and high in 2 (6%) cases. The overall adhesion to the Mediterranean diet is low in 23%, moderate in 71% and high in 6% of the cases. Conclusion: Patients who are affected by POAG have moderate adherence to the Mediterranean diet (AU)
