Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 1 de 1
Filter
Add more filters










Database
Language
Publication year range
1.
Drug Metab Pharmacokinet ; 32(2): 135-144, 2017 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28190755

ABSTRACT

Significant histamine H1 receptor occupation in the central nervous system (CNS) is associated with sedation. Here we examined the time profiles of the H1 receptor occupancy (RO) in the CNS using sedative (diphenhydramine and ketotifen) and non-sedative (bepotastine and olopatadine) antagonists at their therapeutic doses by integrating in vitro and animal data. A pharmacokinetic model was constructed to associate plasma concentrations and receptor binding in the brain. Dissociation and association rate constants with the H1 receptor and plasma and brain unbound fractions were determined in vitro. Passive and active clearances across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) were estimated based on physicochemical properties and microdialysis studies in mice and monkeys. The estimated RO values were comparable with the reported values determined at time to maximum concentration (Tmax) of plasma by positron-emission tomography in humans. The simulation suggested that the predicted maximum ROs by bepotastine and olopatadine were greater than the reported values. Sensitivity analysis showed that active transport across BBB had a significant impact on the RO duration of the H1 antagonists examined. The present study demonstrated that modeling and simulation permits a reasonable RO estimation in the human CNS. Our findings will facilitate the development of CNS-acting drugs.


Subject(s)
Central Nervous System/drug effects , Histamine H1 Antagonists/pharmacology , Receptors, Histamine H1/metabolism , Animals , Brain/metabolism , Central Nervous System/metabolism , Diphenhydramine/blood , Diphenhydramine/pharmacology , Histamine H1 Antagonists/blood , Humans , Ketotifen/blood , Ketotifen/pharmacology , Macaca fascicularis , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred Strains , Olopatadine Hydrochloride/blood , Olopatadine Hydrochloride/pharmacology , Piperidines/blood , Piperidines/pharmacology , Positron-Emission Tomography , Pyridines/blood , Pyridines/pharmacology , Time Factors
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...