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1.
Rev. Baiana Enferm. (Online) ; 35: e43346, 2021.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1347115

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: conhecer os dilemas éticos vivenciados na prática da equipe de saúde no cuidado da pessoa em tratamento oncológico. Método: estudo exploratório e descritivo de abordagem qualitativa realizado em uma unidade de assistência de alta complexidade em oncologia em um município do interior da Bahia, Brasil. Foi realizada entrevista semiestruturada, que contou com a participação de onze profissionais da área da saúde. A análise dos dados ocorreu utilizando-se a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo proposta por Bardin. Resultados: o estudo apontou que os profissionais de saúde que atuam em cuidados oncológicos vivenciam dilemas éticos na prática, frente às intervenções nos cuidados paliativos, tais como não revelar o diagnóstico à pessoa com câncer e dúvida quanto às manobras para reanimar ou não. Conclusão: os profissionais de saúde vivenciam dilemas éticos cotidianamente e, em sua maioria, possuem conhecimento sobre eles, embora tenha sido encontrada ambiguidade entre os termos conflito ético e dilema ético.


Objetivo: conocer los dilemas éticos experimentados en la práctica del equipo de salud en el cuidado de la persona en tratamiento oncológico. Método: estudio cualitativo utilizando el marco metodológico Historia Oral de la Vida. Se realizaron entrevistas a 13 hombres en procesos penales por violencia conyugal vinculados a la 2ª Corte de Justicia por la Paz en la Casa del municipio de Salvador, Bahía, Brasil. Los datos fueron interpretados a la luz del marco teórico sobre la masculinidad. Resultados: el estudio señaló que los profesionales de la salud que trabajan en la atención oncológica experimentan dilemas éticos en la práctica, frente a las intervenciones en cuidados paliativos, como no revelar el diagnóstico a la persona con cáncer y tener dudas sobre las maniobras para revivir o no. Conclusión: los profesionales de la salud experimentan dilemas éticos a diario y, en su mayor parte, tienen conocimiento sobre ellos, aunque se ha encontrado ambigüedad entre los términos conflicto ético y dilema ético.


Objective: to know the ethical dilemmas experienced in the practice of the health team in the care of the person in cancer treatment.to know the ethical dilemmas experienced in the practice of the health team in the care of the person in cancer treatment. Method: exploratory and descriptive study of qualitative approach conducted in a unit of high complexity assistance in oncology in a municipality in the countryside of Bahia, Brazil. A semi-structured interview was conducted, with the participation of eleven health professionals. Data analysis occurred using the Content Analysis technique proposed by Bardin. Results: the study pointed out that health professionals working in cancer care experience ethical dilemmas in practice, before interventions in palliative care, such as not revealing the diagnosis to the person with cancer and doubt as to the maneuvers to revive or not. Conclusion: health professionals daily experience ethical dilemmas and most have knowledge about them, although ambiguity has been found between the terms ethical conflict and ethical dilemma.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Patient Care Team/ethics , Oncology Service, Hospital/ethics , Ethics, Professional , Neoplasms/nursing , Palliative Care
2.
Cuad. bioét ; 28(92): 71-81, ene.-abr. 2017. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-161261

ABSTRACT

Los criterios de agresividad terapéutica publicados hace una década proporcionan un juicio de calidad y son una referencia en la atención de pacientes con cáncer avanzado, pero su utilización no está generalizada en la evaluación de los Servicios de Oncología. En este trabajo analizamos la agresividad terapéutica, según los criterios estándar, en 1.001 pacientes con cáncer avanzado fallecidos en el Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, entre los años 2010 y 2013. Los resultados parecen demostrar que la agresividad terapéutica al final de la vida en nuestro medio hospitalario está presente con más frecuencia de lo recomendado, ya que el 25% de los pacientes cumple al menos un criterio de agresividad. Este resultado podría explicarse por la presencia de una Oncología líquida que no prioriza al paciente como sujeto moral del encuentro clínico. Los cuidados se dirigen a la atención de las necesidades y deben estar articulados en modelos centrados en la comunicación y en la dignidad. Su aplicación mediante la Planificación Anticipada de los Cuidados, la consideración de los valores y preferencias del paciente y la Limitación del Esfuerzo Terapéutico, son formas de disminuir esta agresividad y mejorar la práctica clínica al final de la vida. Necesitamos plantear actitudes sinérgicas y proactivas, sumando lo mejor de la investigación oncológica con el mejor cuidado y atención clínica en beneficio del ser humano, sujeto moral y finalidad última de la Medicina


Aggressiveness criteria proposed in the scientific literature a decade ago provide a quality judgment and are a reference in the care of patients with advanced cancer, but their use is not generalized in the evaluation of Oncology Services. In this paper we analyze the therapeutic aggressiveness, according to standard criteria, in 1.001 patients with advanced cancer who died in our Institution between 2010 and 2013. The results seem to show that aggressiveness at the end of life is present more frequently than experts recommend. About 25% of patients fulfill at least one criterion of aggressiveness. This result could be explained by a liquid Oncology which does not prioritize the patient as a moral subject in the clinical appointment. Medical care is oriented to necessities and must be articulated in a model focused on dignity and communication. Its implementation through Advanced Care Planning, consideration of patient’s values and preferences, and Limitation of therapeutic effort are ways to reduce aggressiveness and improve clinical practice at the end of life. We need to encourage synergic and proactive attitudes, adding the best of cancer research with the best clinical care for the benefit of human being, moral subject and main goal of Medicine


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Terminal Care/ethics , Hospice Care/ethics , Medical Oncology/ethics , Oncology Service, Hospital/ethics , Medical Overuse , Bioethics , Inappropriate Prescribing/ethics , Medical Overuse/legislation & jurisprudence , Retrospective Studies , Drug Therapy/ethics
3.
Palliat Support Care ; 11(3): 215-21, 2013 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22883931

ABSTRACT

Change affects all areas of healthcare organizations and none more so than each aspect of the oncology ward, beginning with the patient's room. It is there that the issues faced by the major players in healing environments - administrator, caregiver, family member, and, most importantly, the patient - come sharply into focus. Hospitals are building new facilities or renovating old ones in order to adapt to new environmental demands of patient care and security. Driven by ethical and professional responsibility, the oncological team headed by Professor Hellmut Samonigg of Graz Medical University Graz pursued a vision of designing a model oncology ward unique in Europe. Friedensreich Hundertwasser, the world-famous artist, was the creative force behind the design. The oncology ward became a place of healing, permeated with a colorful sense of life and harmonious holistic care. The successful outcome was confirmed by the extraordinarily positive feedback by patients, families, and healthcare staff.


Subject(s)
Color , Interior Design and Furnishings , Oncology Service, Hospital/ethics , Patients' Rooms , Europe , Family , Humans , Organizational Innovation
4.
Obstet Gynecol ; 119(3): 504-8, 2012 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22353948

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Selection of physicians for fellowships in obstetrics and gynecology subspecialties has become increasingly competitive. The number and quality of research publications is an important factor in the selection process. We sought to estimate the incidence of unverifiable publications among gynecologic oncology fellowship applicants. METHODS: We reviewed the applications to a single gynecologic oncology fellowship program during 2004-2008. Articles and book chapters reported as published, in press, submitted, or in progress were searched for systematically by three reviewers using PubMed and Google. χ2 analysis was used to evaluate associations between demographic factors and unverifiable publications. RESULTS: Two hundred forty-three applications met the inclusion criteria. Of the 35 applicants who listed membership in Alpha Omega Alpha, four (11%) were not listed on the organization's web site as inductees. Of the 464 articles reported as published or in press, only 387 (83%) could be verified. Of the 148 applicants who reported at least one published or in press article, 44 (30%) had at least one unverifiable publication. On multivariable analysis, only male gender increased the likelihood of unverifiable ("ghost") publications (odds ratio 2.1, 95% confidence interval 1.1-4.1). Of the 282 manuscripts reported as submitted or in progress, only 126 (45%) were published. Of the 124 applicants who reported at least one submitted or in progress manuscript, 88 (71%) had at least one unverifiable manuscript. CONCLUSION: The proportion of unverifiable publications listed on gynecologic oncology fellowship applications is concerning. Stringent review of applications before interview invitations and match list submission is warranted.


Subject(s)
Bibliographies as Topic , Fellowships and Scholarships/ethics , Gynecology/ethics , Oncology Service, Hospital/ethics , Scientific Misconduct , Gynecology/education , Oncology Service, Hospital/economics , Research Report
6.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2009. 127 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-517634

ABSTRACT

É alta a prevalência de dor crônica em pacientes com câncer, que é comprovadamente associada ao sofrimento psicológico acentuado e muitas vezes não é adequadamente diagnosticada e tratada. Estudo que realizamos com 120 pacientes adultos em atendimento ambulatorial na Clínica de Dor do Instituto Nacional de Câncer, no Rio de Janeiro que demonstrou que os pacientes mesmo conhecendo o seu diagnóstico de câncer, não se sentiam informados sobre a doença e a dor oncológica a contento, o que trazia insatisfação com o tratamento recebido e maior exigência com os resultados do mesmo. Nosso estudo revelou, ainda, que o comportamento do profissional durante o atendimento pode ser percebido pelos pacientes como fator tanto de melhora como de piora da dor, sendo o comportamento atencioso do profissional muitas vezes mais valorizado pelos pacientes que a supressão da dor. Estes resultados suscitaram questões relativas à qualidade da interação entre médicos e pacientes, desenvolvidas nesta dissertação. Embora não sejam suficientemente investidas nem na relação médico-paciente, nem na educação e no treinamento profissional, as habilidades de comunicação do médico afetam diretamente o nível de informação e de satisfação do paciente, suas crenças e os resultados do tratamento. Ao longo do tempo a relação médico paciente vem mudando, deixando de ser tão centrada na doença e no médico, para centrar-se mais no doente como um ser integral, o que implica no reconhecimento, pelo médico, de saberes diferentes dos seus e de que o seu saber não constitui uma verdade absoluta a ser acatada pelos demais. Apesar de bem-vindas, estas mudanças trazem uma certa confusão nos papéis a serem desempenhados por médicos e pacientes e dificuldades aos médicos de lidarem com as diferenças, com as queixas subjetivas dos pacientes, com as emoções destes e as suas próprias...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pain Clinics/ethics , Pain Clinics , Patient Rights/ethics , Patient Rights/trends , Pain/psychology , Pain/therapy , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Neoplasms/psychology , Physician's Role/psychology , Physician-Patient Relations/ethics , Patient-Centered Care/ethics , Patient-Centered Care/methods , Patient Care/ethics , Patient Care/psychology , Interpersonal Relations , Sick Role , Oncology Service, Hospital/ethics , Oncology Service, Hospital
9.
Med Health Care Philos ; 6(3): 263-72, 2003.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14620463

ABSTRACT

Clarifying and analysing moral problems arising in the practice of palliative care was the objective of participatory observations in five palliative care settings. The results of these observations will be described in this contribution. The moral problems palliative caregivers have to deal with in their daily routines will be explained by comparison with the findings of a previously performed literature study. The specific differences in the manifestation of moral problems in the different palliative care settings will be highlighted as well.


Subject(s)
Ethics, Clinical , Moral Obligations , Pain Management , Palliative Care/ethics , Attitude to Death/ethnology , Decision Making/ethics , Humans , Medical Futility , Neoplasms/complications , Neoplasms/therapy , Oncology Service, Hospital/ethics , Pain/etiology , Patient Participation , Qualitative Research , Terminal Care/ethics
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