ABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Malingering/diagnosis , Cognition Disorders/diagnosis , Orientation/classification , Social IdentificationABSTRACT
The human body, standing on two feet, produces a continuous sway pattern. Intended movements, sensory cues, emotional states, and illnesses can all lead to subtle changes in sway appearing as alterations in ground reaction forces and the body's center of pressure (COP). The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that carefully selected COP parameters and classification methods can differentiate among specific body movements while standing, providing new prospects in camera-free motion identification. Force platform data were collected from participants performing 11 choreographed postural and gestural movements. Twenty-three different displacement- and frequency-based features were extracted from COP time series, and supplied to classification-guided feature extraction modules. For identification of movement type, several linear and nonlinear classifiers were explored; including linear discriminants, nearest neighbor classifiers, and support vector machines. The average classification rates on previously unseen test sets ranged from 67% to 100%. Within the context of this experiment, no single method was able to uniformly outperform the others for all movement types, and therefore a set of movement-specific features and classifiers is recommended.
Subject(s)
Gestures , Kinesthesis/physiology , Motor Activity/physiology , Orientation/classification , Postural Balance/physiology , Weight-Bearing/physiology , Female , Humans , Linear Models , Male , Neuromuscular Junction/physiology , Nonlinear Dynamics , Orientation/physiology , Support Vector Machine , Young AdultSubject(s)
Humans , Orientation/classification , Emotions , Psychology, Educational , Emotional Intelligence , Family/psychologyABSTRACT
Perceptual mechanisms are generally flexible or "adaptive", as evidenced by perceptual aftereffects: distortions that arise following exposure to a stimulus. We examined whether adaptive mechanisms for coding gaze direction are atypical in children diagnosed with an autism spectrum condition. Twenty-four typical children and 24 children with autism, of similar age and ability, were administered a developmentally sensitive eye-gaze adaptation task. In the pre-adaptation phase, children judged whether target faces showing subtle deviations in eye-gaze direction were looking leftwards, rightwards or straight-ahead. Next, children were adapted to faces gazing in one consistent direction (25° leftwards/rightwards) before categorising the direction of the target faces again. Children with autism showed difficulties in judging whether subtle deviations in gaze were directed to the left, right or straight-ahead relative to typical children. Although adaptation to leftward or rightward gaze resulted in reduced sensitivity to gaze on the adapted side for both groups, the aftereffect was significantly reduced in children with autism. Furthermore, the magnitude of children's gaze aftereffects was positively related to their ability to categorise gaze direction. These results show that the mechanisms coding gaze are less flexible in autism and offer a potential new explanation for these children's difficulties discriminating subtle deviations in gaze direction.
Subject(s)
Attention/physiology , Autistic Disorder/complications , Figural Aftereffect/physiology , Fixation, Ocular/physiology , Orientation/physiology , Perceptual Disorders/etiology , Adaptation, Physiological , Adolescent , Analysis of Variance , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Orientation/classification , Pattern Recognition, Visual/physiology , Photic Stimulation , Reaction TimeSubject(s)
Computer Graphics , Geographic Information Systems , Geography/methods , Internet , Maps as Topic , Orientation/classification , User-Computer Interface , Algorithms , Image Enhancement/methods , Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/methods , Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods , Information Storage and Retrieval/methods , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Orientation/ethics , Postural Balance/genetics , Burnout, Professional/pathology , Aerospace Medicine/education , Coronary Disease/pathology , Air Ambulances/classification , Sleep Apnea Syndromes/metabolism , Sleep Apnea Syndromes/pathology , Orientation/classification , Postural Balance/physiology , Burnout, Professional/psychology , Aerospace Medicine/methods , Coronary Disease/metabolism , Air Ambulances/supply & distribution , Sleep Apnea Syndromes/complications , Sleep Apnea Syndromes/diagnosisABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Animals , Health Strategies , Models, Psychological , Orientation/physiology , Solar System , Human Migration , Cognitive Science/methods , Space Perception/physiology , Spatial Behavior/physiology , Solar System , Aptitude/physiology , Orientation/classification , Memory/physiology , Psychology, Experimental/classification , Psychology, Experimental/methodsABSTRACT
Past research on attentional orienting and Parkinson's disease (PD) has been compromised because the experimental paradigms tended to confound different forms of orienting. We sought to overcome this by examining the attentional orienting of three distinct groups (PD-patients, age-matched controls, and young controls) on five different tasks, four of which isolated pure forms of orienting. On two covert orienting tasks PD patients oriented volitional (Experiment 1) and reflexive (Experiment 2) covert attention in a healthy and normal manner for their age. On two overt orienting tasks, PD patients were found to execute volitional eye movements that were prone to undershoot their target goal (Experiment 3), and reflexive eye movements that were unusually fast (Experiment 4). When required to perform an antisaccade task (Experiment 5), which combines reflexive and volitional modes of overt orienting, PD patients performed normally. This indicates that using a task which combines different modes of orienting creates a situation that is more than the sum of its parts. Together our study supports the thesis that it is crucial to isolate and investigate different modes of attentional control.
Subject(s)
Attention/physiology , Orientation/physiology , Parkinson Disease/psychology , Visual Perception/physiology , Aged , Case-Control Studies , Eye Movements/physiology , Humans , Matched-Pair Analysis , Middle Aged , Models, Psychological , Orientation/classification , Photic Stimulation , Psychomotor Performance , Reaction Time , Reflex/physiology , Saccades/physiology , Space Perception , Volition/physiologyABSTRACT
BAGEN fue diseñada para evaluar demencias en pacientes con bajo nivel educativo. Evalúa orientación, lenguaje, memoria, praxias y atención. El principal objetivo de este estudio fue determinar los ítems con mayor poder discriminante entre demencia y otros trastornos cognitivos. Dos grupos, formaron un total de 144 sujetos. Todos los sujetos incluidos en el informe habían completado todas las pruebas neuropsicológicas. El diagnóstico de demencia estuvo basado en un examen clínico. El resultado de esta investigación sugiere que algunos ítems pueden ser eliminados de la batería (AU)
Subject(s)
Equipment and Supplies/standards , Dementia/diagnosis , Neuropsychological Tests/standards , Orientation/classification , Language , Memory/classification , Attention/classificationABSTRACT
Smeets and Brenner have suggested that it may be time to abandon Jeannerod's "classical approach" to studying human prehension, and have presented a mathematical model as an alternative. We argue that this model provides insufficient grounds for widespread acceptance, and questions whether or not such an approach furthers the science of motor control.
Subject(s)
Hand Strength/physiology , Models, Biological , Orientation , Psychomotor Performance/physiology , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Humans , Orientation/classification , Orientation/physiology , Research Design , Science/standardsABSTRACT
Contiene: Como preparar una charla; para el uso del cirujano dentista; presentacion de la boca; importancia fisiologica de la boca; caries dental; cuidado de la boca; alimentos que cuidan la salud de los dientes y las encias; uso y abuso de los azucares
