Effects of MRgFUS Treatment on Musculoskeletal Pain: Comparison between Bone Metastasis and Chronic Knee/Lumbar Osteoarthritis.

Local bone denervation by magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) is a promising tool for alleviation of pain in patients with painful bone metastasis (BM). Considering the underlying mechanism of pain alleviation, MRgFUS might be effective for various bone and joint diseases associated with local tenderness. This study was conducted to clarify the therapeutic effect of focused ultrasound in patients with various painful bone and joint diseases that are associated with local tenderness. Ten patients with BM, 11 patients with lumbar facet joint osteoarthritis (L-OA), and 19 patients with knee osteoarthritis (K-OA) were included. MRgFUS treatment was applied to the bone surface with real-time temperature monitoring at the target sites. Pain intensity was assessed using a 100 mm numerical rating scale (NRS) at various time points. Pressure pain threshold (PPT) was evaluated on the sonication area and control sites. Compared to baseline, the pain NRS scores significantly decreased in all groups 1 month after treatment, and PPT at the treated sites significantly increased in all groups 3 months after treatment. The percentage of patients who showed a ≥ 50% decrease in pain NRS scores at 1 month after treatment was 80% in BM, 64% in L-OA, and 78% in K-OA groups. PPTs were significantly higher after treatment at all evaluation time points. This study indicated that MRgFUS is effective in reducing pressure pain at the site of most severe tenderness in patients with painful bone and joint diseases. Treatment response was comparable between patients with BM, L-OA, and K-OA.

The Use of Allogenic Stromal Vascular Fraction (SVF) Cells in Degenerative Joint Disease of the Spine in Dogs.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Stem cells are widely used in regenerative medicine and in clinical practice for the treatment of damaged nerve tissue, myocytes, tendons, and ligaments. The aim of the study was to monitor VEGF levels after the administration of allogenic cellular material (SVF) in the course of treatment of dogs suffering from degenerative joint disease in the spinal region. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted on 10 dogs of both genders, aged between 6 and 13 years in which allogenic stromal vascular fraction of stem cells (SVF) was administered intravenously. The control group was composed of 10 clinically healthy dogs. Before treatment and after 2- and 8-week intervals blood samples were obtained from the study group dogs in order to determine VEGF levels via immunoenzymatic test. RESULTS: in a few days after the therapy, alleviation of pain symptoms and reduction of lameness were noticed. The VEGF level in 2 weeks after the therapy was significantly elevated (median: 38.77 pg/ml), while in 8 weeks a decrease was observed (median: 18.37 pg/ml). Conlusion: Administration of allogenic stem cells has a positive influence on elevation of the VEGF levels in the blood serum of affected animals as well as their regeneration capacity.

PNF and manual therapy treatment results of patients with cervical spine osteoarthritis.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of PNF and manual therapy methods in the treatment of patients with cervical spine osteoarthritis, especially their efficacy in reducing pain and improving functionality in everyday life. Long-term results were also compared in order to determine which method of treatment is more effective. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Eighty randomly selected females aged 45-65 were included in the study. They were randomly divided into two groups of 40 persons. One group received PNF treatment and the other received manual therapy (MAN.T). To evaluate functional capabilities, the Functional Rating Index was used. To evaluate changes in pain, a shortened version of the McGill Questionnaire was used. RESULT: The PNF group achieved a greater reduction in pain than the MAN.T group. The PNF group showed a greater improvement in performing daily activities such as sleeping, personal care, travelling, work, recreation, lifting, walking and standing as well as decreased intensity and frequency of pain compared to the MAN.T group. CONCLUSION: The PNF method proved to be more effective in both short (after two weeks) and long (after three months) term.

Tratamiento quirúrgico de la estenosis lumbar degenerativa en octogenarios / Surgical treatment of degenerative lumbar stenosis in octogenarians

Introducción: el diagnóstico de estenosis lumbar degenerativa se ha incrementado en años recientes y representa una parte importante de las actividades diarias de los cirujanos espinales. Los pacientes mayores de 80 años presentan características y comorbilidades que incrementan los riesgos perioperatorios y pueden ocasionar malos resultados. Objetivo: mostrar resultados en el tratamiento quirúrgico, mediante descompresión, de los pacientes mayores de 80 años con diagnóstico de estenosis lumbar degenerativa. Métodos: estudio de intervención longitudinal prospectivo con 13 pacientes mayores de 80 años de edad, siete hombres y seis mujeres, diagnosticados e intervenidos por estenosis lumbar degenerativa entre el 1ro. de enero de 2005 y el 31 de octubre de 2011, en el Centro de Investigaciones en Longevidad, Envejecimiento y Salud, y evaluados dos años después. Resultados: predominó la afectación de cuatro o más espacios intervertebrales, con más de dos años de padecer fundamentalmente del síntoma de claudicación de origen neurógeno, las comorbilidades de causas cardiovasculares y ocurrieron cinco complicaciones perioperatorias. La disminución del dolor y del nivel de discapacidad fue significativa, con predominio de resultados bueno y regular. Conclusiones: el tratamiento quirúrgico de la estenosis lumbar degenerativa, en pacientes mayores de 80 años de edad, según nuestros resultados, produce efectos beneficiosos, con disminución de dolor y discapacidad y baja ocurrencia de complicaciones(AU)

Introduction: the diagnosis of degenerative lumbar stenosis has increased in recent years and it represents an important part of the daily activities of spinal surgeons. Patients older than 80 have characteristics and comorbidities that increase the perioperative risk causing bad results.Objective: show results in the surgical treatment by decompression of patients older than 80 years diagnosed with degenerative lumbar stenosis. Methods: a prospective longitudinal intervention study was conducted in 13 patients older than 80 years of age, seven men and six women diagnosed and treated for degenerative lumbar stenosis, from January 1, 2005 to October 31, 2011, at the Center for Research in Longevity, Aging and Health, and they were evaluated two years later. Results: predominant involvement of four or more intervertebral spaces, more than two years of suffering primarily symptom of neurogenic claudication, comorbidities and cardiovascular causes occurred five perioperative complications. Reducing pain and disability was significant, with a predominance of good and fair results.Conclusions: surgical treatment of degenerative lumbar stenosis, in patients older than 80 years, according to our results, produces beneficial effects, with reduced pain and disability and low occurrence of complications(AU)

Tratamiento quirúrgico de la estenosis lumbar degenerativa en octogenarios / Surgical treatment of degenerative lumbar stenosis in octogenarians

INTRODUCCIÓN: el diagnóstico de estenosis lumbar degenerativa se ha incrementado en años recientes y representa una parte importante de las actividades diarias de los cirujanos espinales. Los pacientes mayores de 80 años presentan características y comorbilidades que incrementan los riesgos perioperatorios y pueden ocasionar malos resultados. OBJETIVO: mostrar resultados en el tratamiento quirúrgico, mediante descompresión, de los pacientes mayores de 80 años con diagnóstico de estenosis lumbar degenerativa. MÉTODOS: estudio de intervención longitudinal prospectivo con 13 pacientes mayores de 80 años de edad, siete hombres y seis mujeres, diagnosticados e intervenidos por estenosis lumbar degenerativa entre el 1ro. de enero de 2005 y el 31 de octubre de 2011, en el Centro de Investigaciones en Longevidad, Envejecimiento y Salud, y evaluados dos años después. RESULTADOS: predominó la afectación de cuatro o más espacios intervertebrales, con más de dos años de padecer fundamentalmente del síntoma de claudicación de origen neurógeno, las comorbilidades de causas cardiovasculares y ocurrieron cinco complicaciones perioperatorias. La disminución del dolor y del nivel de discapacidad fue significativa, con predominio de resultados bueno y regular. CONCLUSIONES: el tratamiento quirúrgico de la estenosis lumbar degenerativa, en pacientes mayores de 80 años de edad, según nuestros resultados, produce efectos beneficiosos, con disminución de dolor y discapacidad y baja ocurrencia de complicaciones.

INTRODUCTION: the diagnosis of degenerative lumbar stenosis has increased in recent years and it represents an important part of the daily activities of spinal surgeons. Patients older than 80 have characteristics and comorbidities that increase the perioperative risk causing bad results. OBJECTIVe: show results in the surgical treatment by decompression of patients older than 80 years diagnosed with degenerative lumbar stenosis. METHODS: a prospective longitudinal intervention study was conducted in 13 patients older than 80 years of age, seven men and six women diagnosed and treated for degenerative lumbar stenosis, from January 1, 2005 to October 31, 2011, at the Center for Research in Longevity, Aging and Health, and they were evaluated two years later. RESULTS: predominant involvement of four or more intervertebral spaces, more than two years of suffering primarily symptom of neurogenic claudication, comorbidities and cardiovascular causes occurred five perioperative complications. Reducing pain and disability was significant, with a predominance of good and fair results. CONCLUSIONS: surgical treatment of degenerative lumbar stenosis, in patients older than 80 years, according to our results, produces beneficial effects, with reduced pain and disability and low occurrence of complications.

[Comparison of the effect of laser and magnetic therapy for pain level and the range of motion of the spine of people with osteoarthritis lower back]. / Porównanie wplywu laseroterapii i magnetoterapii na poziom bólu oraz zakres ruchomosci kregoslupa osób z choroba zwyrodnieniowa dolnego odcinka kregoslupa.

UNLABELLED: Increased expression of degenerative disease of the lumbar spine is an onerous task, which reduces the efficiency of the activity and life of many populations. It is the most common cause of medical visits. In 95% of cases the cause of complaints is a destructive process in the course of degenerative intervertebral disc called a lumbar disc herniation. Protrusion of the nucleus pulposus causes severe pain and impaired muscle tone, often more chronic and difficult to master. Successful treatment of lumbar disc herniation constitutes a serious interdisciplinary problem. It is important to properly planned and carried out physiotherapy. Based on the number of non-invasive methods, to reduce muscle tension, mute pain and alleviation of inflammation. It is the treatment safe, effective, and at the same time, which is their big advantage, readily available and cheap. It is worth noting that not every method has the same efficiency. The question that the methods are effective in relieving pain and helping to effectively increase the range of motion led to a comparison of two methods - Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) and pulsating magnetic field therapy. AIM: The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of LLLT and pulsating magnetic field therapy in combating pain and increase range of motion of the spine of people with degenerative spine disease of the lower back. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 120 patients with diagnose lumbar disc herniation whit no nerve roots symptoms. Patients were divided into two Groups: A and B. Group A of 60 patients were subjected to laser therapy (λ=820nm, P=400mW, Ed=6-12 J/cm²) and the second Group B of 60 patients too, to pulsating magnetic fields procedures (5mT, 30 Hz, 15 minutes). Every patient before rehabilitation started and right after it has finished has undergone examination. Subjective pain assessment was carried out using a modified Laitinen questionnaire and Visual Analogue Scale of Pain intensity. Spine mobility was evaluated whit the Schober test and the Fingertip-to-floor-test. The obtained results were subjects to statistical analysis. RESULTS: Research shows that both low energy laser and pulsating magnetic field physical attributes are effective methods for the treatment of pain and restricted mobility of the spine caused by disc herniation. Careful analysis emphasizes greater efficiency laser for pain. In contrast, a statistically greater improvement in global mobility of the spine, as well as flexion and extension of the lumbar recorded in group B, where the applied pulsating magnetic field. CONCLUSIONS: Both laser and magnet therapy reduces pain and improves mobility of the spine of people with degenerative spine disease of the lower back. Comparison of the effectiveness of both methods showed a greater analgesic effect of laser treatment, and greater mobility of the spine was observed under the influence of pulsating magnetic field therapy.

[The influence of kinesiotaping on lumbar spine pain]. / Wplyw kinesiotapingu na dolegliwosci bólowe odcinka ledzwiowo-krzyzowego kregoslupa.

INTRODUCTION: Pain in the lumbosacral spine is currently one of the most common pain complaints among the elderly. About 72% of the Polish population younger than 40 years have at least once been treated by a doctor for back pain. Degenerative changes of intervertebral joints, overloads, intervertebral disc diseases, and dysfunction of spinal ligaments are very often responsible for the formation of back pain, which is basically a problem of the elderly, MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was conducted among 60 residents of a Nursing Home in Szczecin with chronic lumbar pain. The age range was 56-85 years. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups of 30 (study group, where KinesioTaping was used, and a control group without KinesioTaping application). To assess the degree of pain experienced by the patient a visual analogue scale (VAS) in the horizontal format from 0-10 was used, on which subjects scored the severity of pain. Flexion, extension, tilt and rotation were measured with a tape to assess spinal and trunk mobility. RESULTS: In all patients, who had a KinesioTaping patch applied on the lumbosacral spine pain measured by VAS reduced (p ≤ 0.001). Considering respondents' sex, the spine mobility in the tilting position improved in men in the study group in terms of tilting to both sides. In all patients, the application of a KinesioTaping patch significantly improved the rotation to the right side (p ≤ 0.05), scores in the "finger-floor" flexion test (p ≤ 0.01), and the extension range (p ≤ 0.01). CONCLUSION: KinesioTaping is a beneficial method reducing pain and improving the mobility in the lumbosacral spine. The improvement was independent of the sex of the respondents.

Access to public healthcare services and waiting times for patients with chronic nonmalignant pain: feedback from a tertiary pain clinic.

Evaluation of healthcare services by patients is an essential component of quality improvement. We studied association between patient satisfaction and accessibility of healthcare services to patients with chronic nonmalignant pain. A hundred patients from the Pain Clinic, Split University Hospital Center, Split, Croatia, completed a 27-item questionnaire about their condition, duration of chronic pain treatment, access to healthcare, waiting times for various healthcare services, and their satisfaction with the pain clinic and health system. Patients were referred to the pain clinic after median of 4.5 years of chronic nonmalignant pain duration. Median waiting time for pain clinic appointment, seeing a specialist and performing diagnostic procedures was 10, 30 and 90 days, respectively. However, some patients waited for an appointment to a specialist and diagnosis for up to one year. Negative association was found between waiting time for pain clinic appointment and healthcare system grade (r = -0.34, P = 0.02). Patient suggestions for improving pain clinic were more staff, better approach to each patient, and better organization. In conclusion, access to public healthcare for patients with chronic nonmalignant pain should be better to improve patient satisfaction and provide better care.

Spine osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis of the spine develops as a consequence of the natural aging process and is associated with significant morbidity and health care expenditures. Effective diagnosis and treatment of the resultant pathologic conditions can be clinically challenging. Recent evidence has emerged to aid the investigating clinician in formulating an accurate diagnosis and in implementing a successful treatment algorithm. This article details the degenerative cascade that results in the osteoarthritic spine, reviews prevalence data for common painful spinal disorders, and discusses evidence-based treatment options for management of zygapophysial and sacroiliac joint arthrosis.

Comparison of lifetime incremental cost:utility ratios of surgery relative to failed medical management for the treatment of hip, knee and spine osteoarthritis modelled using 2-year postsurgical values.

BACKGROUND: Demand for surgery to treat osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip, knee and spine has risen dramatically. Whereas total hip (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) have been widely accepted as cost-effective, spine surgeries (decompression, decompression with fusion) to treat degenerative conditions remain underfunded compared with other surgeries. METHODS: An incremental cost-utility analysis comparing decompression and decompression with fusion to THA and TKA, from the perspective of the provincial health insurance system, was based on an observational matched-cohort study of prospectively collected outcomes and retrospectively collected costs. Patient outcomes were measured using short-form (SF)-36 surveys over a 2-year follow-up period. Utility was modelled over the lifetime, and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were determined. We calculated the incremental cost per QALY gained by estimating mean incremental lifetime costs and QALYs of surgery compared with medical management of each diagnosis group after discounting costs and QALYs at 3%. Sensitivity analyses were also conducted. RESULTS: The lifetime incremental cost:utility ratios (ICURs) discounted at 3% were $5321 per QALY for THA, $11,275 per QALY for TKA, $2307 per QALY for spinal decompression and $7153 per QALY for spinal decompression with fusion. The sensitivity analyses did not alter the ranking of the lifetime ICURs. CONCLUSION: In appropriately selected patients with leg-dominant symptoms secondary to focal lumbar spinal stenosis who have failed medical management, the lifetime ICUR for surgical treatment of.

[Spa therapy in osteoarthritis: experience in Cervia]. / La terapia termale nell'osteoartrosi: esperienza di Cervia.

AIMS: Mud-bath treatment has a relevant therapeutic activity in reducing symptoms and disabilities in rheumatic diseases, as studies on inflammation process and clinical symptomatology have shown. Objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of mud therapy by natural limans of Cervia on clinical parameters in patients with lumbar spine osteoarthrosis (OA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 30 patients (20 females and 10 males) suffering from lumbar OA, diagnosed by clinical symptoms and X-Ray findings (osteophytosis, morphological changes of vertrebral somes, tightness of intervertebral spaces, alterated lumbar physiologic lordosis) were studied. All patients were examined first when recruited (T0) and after two weeks of therapy (T1). Interviews were submitted in order to estimate functional restrictions and pain. Statistical analysis was performed via t test for paired data. RESULTS: On the basis of the statistical analysis a very significant difference was demonstrated between the average values of the tests before and after the treatment. These results confirm the improvement of the symptoms concerning the pain, the articular functionality and the quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study demonstrate the efficacy of the mud-bath treatment with natural limans of Cervia on the patients affected by lumbar spine osteoarthrosis (OA).