Report: Laparoscopic management for coexistent parasitic ovarian teratoma of the omentum and ovarian mucinous cystadenoma: A case report.

We report a case of a 34-year-old woman who underwent laparoscopy for her adnexal tumor. Coexistence of ovarian mucinous cystadenoma and parasitic ovarian teratoma of the omentum was found and successfully treated by laparoscopic surgery. As our case presented, it is thought that the omental teratomas could be resulting from the auto-amputation and re-implantation of a dermoid cyst of the ovary.

The ovarian cancer oncobiome.

Humans and other mammals are colonized by microbial agents across the kingdom which can represent a unique microbiome pattern. Dysbiosis of the microbiome has been associated with pathology including cancer. We have identified a microbiome signature unique to ovarian cancers, one of the most lethal malignancies of the female reproductive system, primarily because of its asymptomatic nature during the early stages in development. We screened ovarian cancer samples along with matched, and non-matched control samples using our pan-pathogen array (PathoChip), combined with capture-next generation sequencing. The results show a distinct group of viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic signatures of high significance in ovarian cases. Further analysis shows specific viral integration sites within the host genome of tumor samples, which may contribute to the carcinogenic process. The ovarian cancer microbiome signature provides insights for the development of targeted therapeutics against ovarian cancers.

Intraoperative diagnosis of hydatid cyst of the ovary masquerading as tumor.

Hydatid disease, caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus, is found most commonly in the liver and lungs, but no organ is immune. The ovarian involvement is often secondary to a cyst's dissemination localized in a different site. Occasionally, the cyst enlarges, thus mimicking an ovarian tumor. Patients with hydatid cysts at unusual locations present with atypical presentations and pose a diagnostic dilemma. A high index of suspicion is required in order to make a correct diagnosis pre-operatively to prevent spillage of the cyst contents during surgery. We report a case of hydatid cyst in the ovary in a young female. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2017;45:267-269. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Unreported location and presentation for a parasitic ovarian dermoid cyst in an indirect inguinal hernia.

Extragonadal mature cystic teratomas (dermoid cysts) have been reported occasionally, with the most common site being the omentum. We report a rare case of a parasitic dermoid cyst that was incidentally found in an indirect inguinal hernia sac in a 66-year-old woman. The right ovary was absent from its proper anatomical location. Histopathologic study revealed a mature cystic teratoma with viable ovarian tissue. These findings suggested auto-amputation of the ovary either by inflammation or torsion.

There is no decision to make: experiences and attitudes toward treatment-focused genetic testing among women diagnosed with ovarian cancer.

OBJECTIVE: There is growing evidence that the BRCA mutation status of women newly diagnosed with ovarian cancer may be used to make treatment recommendations in the future. This qualitative study aimed to assess women's attitudes and experiences toward treatment-focused genetic testing (TFGT). METHODS: Women (N=22) with ovarian cancer who had either (i) advanced disease and had previously had TFGT (n=12) or (ii) had a recent ovarian cancer diagnosis and were asked about their hypothetical views of TFGT (n=10), were interviewed in-depth. RESULTS: This study demonstrates that patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer found the concept of TFGT acceptable with the primary motivation for genetic testing being to increase their treatment options. Women reported that there was no decision to make about TFGT, and the advantages of TFGT were perceived to outweigh the disadvantages. Many women described elements of resilience and active coping, in the context of hypothetical and actual TFGT. CONCLUSIONS: Resilience and active coping strategies are important factors that warrant investigation as potential moderators of psychological distress in future prospective studies exploring the optimal way of offering BRCA genetic testing to women newly diagnosed with ovarian cancer, and to assess the impact of TFGT upon patients' survival, psychological distress, and quality of life.

Pelvic hydatidosis mimicking a malignant multicystic ovarian tumor.

Echinococcosis is a multisystem disease and has propensity to involve any organ, an unusual anatomical site, and can mimic any disease process. Primary peritoneal echinococcosis is known to occur secondary to hepatic involvement but occasional cases of primary peritoneal hydatid disease including pelvic involvement have also been reported. We report here 1 such case of primary pelvic hydatidosis mimicking a malignant multicystic ovarian tumor where there was no evidence of involvement of the liver or spleen. Our patient, a 27-year-old female, was detected to have a large right cystic adnexal mass on per vaginal examination which was confirmed by ultrasonography. Her biochemical parameters were normal and CA-125 levels, though mildly raised, were below the cut off point. She underwent surgery and on exploratory laparotomy, another cystic mass was found attached to the mesentery of the small gut. The resected cysts were processed histopathologically. On cut sections both large cysts revealed numerous daughter cysts. Microscopic examination of fluid from the cysts revealed free scolices with hooklets and the cyst wall had a typical laminated membrane with inner germinal layer containing degenerated protoplasmic mass. The diagnosis of pelvic hydatid disease was confirmed and patient was managed accordingly. Hydatid disease must be considered while making the differential diagnosis of pelvic cystic masses, especially in endemic areas.

Peptides generated ex vivo from serum proteins by tumor-specific exopeptidases are not useful biomarkers in ovarian cancer.

BACKGROUND: The serum peptidome may be a valuable source of diagnostic cancer biomarkers. Previous mass spectrometry (MS) studies have suggested that groups of related peptides discriminatory for different cancer types are generated ex vivo from abundant serum proteins by tumor-specific exopeptidases. We tested 2 complementary serum profiling strategies to see if similar peptides could be found that discriminate ovarian cancer from benign cases and healthy controls. METHODS: We subjected identically collected and processed serum samples from healthy volunteers and patients to automated polypeptide extraction on octadecylsilane-coated magnetic beads and separately on ZipTips before MALDI-TOF MS profiling at 2 centers. The 2 platforms were compared and case control profiling data analyzed to find altered MS peak intensities. We tested models built from training datasets for both methods for their ability to classify a blinded test set. RESULTS: Both profiling platforms had CVs of approximately 15% and could be applied for high-throughput analysis of clinical samples. The 2 methods generated overlapping peptide profiles, with some differences in peak intensity in different mass regions. In cross-validation, models from training data gave diagnostic accuracies up to 87% for discriminating malignant ovarian cancer from healthy controls and up to 81% for discriminating malignant from benign samples. Diagnostic accuracies up to 71% (malignant vs healthy) and up to 65% (malignant vs benign) were obtained when the models were validated on the blinded test set. CONCLUSIONS: For ovarian cancer, altered MALDI-TOF MS peptide profiles alone cannot be used for accurate diagnoses.

Adult filarial worm (Wuchereria bancrofti) in a benign ovarian tumour.

A case of an adult filarial worm (Wuchereria bancrofti) associated with a benign ovarian tumour and a cyst is presented. Possible reasons for the findings of a well preserved part of the worm and a foreign body granuloma in the lymphatic subendothelium are discussed.