ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To examine normal Overbite Depth Indicator (ODI) and Anteroposterior Dysplasia Indicator (APDI) values in African Americans and to compare them with mean values from white patients. Secondary aims were to compare mean ODI and APDI values among different age, gender, and combined age-gender groups in African American patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 160 African American patients (97 boys and 63 girls; age, 7 to 14 years) with normal occlusion and no history of orthodontic treatment were collected from the Bolton-Brush Growth Center. Cephalometric images were hand traced, and ODI and APDI values were assessed. Two-sample t tests were used to compare mean ODI and APDI values between African American and white patients; and between male and female African American patients. One-way analysis of variance, followed by the Tukey test, was used to compare mean ODI and APDI values among different African American age and combined age-gender groups. RESULTS: Mean ODI and APDI values were significantly lower (P < .0001) in African American than white patients with normal occlusion and no history of orthodontic treatment. Mean ODI and APDI values increased with age in African American patients, and there were no significant gender differences. CONCLUSIONS: The mean ODI and APDI values in 7- to 14-year-old African Americans with normal occlusion and no history of orthodontic treatment were 70.9° and 78.1°, respectively, and were significantly lower than the mean values for white patients in the same age range.
Subject(s)
Cephalometry , Malocclusion, Angle Class II , Overbite , Adolescent , Black or African American , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Malocclusion, Angle Class II/ethnology , Overbite/ethnology , Reference Values , White PeopleABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) symptoms among Turks and re-settlers with German origin from Russia and to compare those findings with a German group from the same area. METHOD: Sixty-nine Turkish migrants, 50 re-settlers, and 96 Germans were clinically examined according to a short version of the Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC/TMD) protocol. The subjects participated in a feasibility study of the German National Cohort and were recruited from the study center Heidelberg/Mannheim of the cluster Baden-Württemberg/Saarland. RESULTS: Significant differences emerged between the three ethnic groups for unassisted opening without pain, maximum unassisted opening, and overbite, with highest values for the German group. No significant differences were found for muscle pain on palpation or muscle and joint pain during opening. DISCUSSION: As the authors identified significant differences between the different ethnic groups for metric measurements, it might be beneficial to include questions concerning the ethnicity to the German version of the RDC/TMD for further research, to make the results more comparable.
Subject(s)
Cross-Cultural Comparison , Ethnicity/statistics & numerical data , Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome/ethnology , Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome/epidemiology , Transients and Migrants/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Cohort Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Feasibility Studies , Female , Germany , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Overbite/diagnosis , Overbite/epidemiology , Overbite/ethnology , Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome/diagnosis , Turkey/ethnology , USSR/ethnologyABSTRACT
This study evaluated cephalometric differences between 113 Japanese (43 males and 70 females, aged 14.1 ± 5 years) and 106 European subjects (36 males and 70 females, aged 13.5 ± 7.3 years) using two compound angular measurements and their single components: the overbite depth indicator (ODI) for the assessment of vertical skeletal relationships and the antero-posterior dysplasia indicator (APDI) for an evaluation of sagittal dysgnathia. Both populations were assigned to groups representing Angle Classes I, II, and III, and an anterior open bite (AOB) group. Two sample t- and Wilcoxon signed-ranks tests were performed (P < 0.05). The ODI values showed no statistically significant differences between the Japanese and European samples. The Japanese sample showed a significantly smaller APDI but only in the Class II group. In the Japanese Class II and III subjects, the malocclusion patterns were more pronounced than those in the Caucasian sample (overbite, overjet, and APDI).
