Development and Implementation of a Pediatric Nursing Emergency Behavioral Health Assessment Tool.

INTRODUCTION: The national pediatric mental and behavioral health crisis dramatically increased emergency department mental and behavioral health visits and changed emergency nursing practice. Acuity assessment determines patient severity level and supports appropriate resources and interventions. There are no established nursing tools that assess pediatric mental or behavioral health acuity in the emergency department setting. Our goal was to develop and implement the novel pediatric emergency nurse Emergency Behavioral Health Acuity Assessment Tool. METHODS: This quality-improvement project used the plan, do, study, act model to design/refine the Emergency Behavioral Health Acuity Assessment Tool and a non-experimental descriptive design to assess outcomes. The setting was a 47-bed urban level 1 pediatric trauma center with more than 60,000 annual visits. The team designed the tool using published evidence, emergency nurse feedback, and expert opinion. The tool objectively captured patient acuity and suggested acuity-specific nursing interventions. Project outcomes included acuity, length-of-stay, restraint use, and patient/staff injuries. Analyses included descriptive statistics and correlations. RESULTS: With over 3000 annual mental/behavioral-related visits, the emergency department had an average daily census of 23 mental and behavioral health patients. Implementation occurred in August 2021. The Emergency Behavioral Health Acuity Assessment Tool dashboard provided the number of patients, patient location, and acuity. Length-of-stay did not change; however, patient restraint use and patient/staff injuries declined. Number of restraints positively correlated with moderate acuity levels (r = 0.472, P = 0.036). DISCUSSION: For emergency nurses, the Emergency Behavioral Health Acuity Assessment Tool provided an objective measure of patient acuity. Targeted interventions can improve the care of this population.

What the pediatric nurse needs to know about the Impella cardiac assist device.

Background: Cardiogenic shock in children still carries a high mortality risk despite advances in medical therapy. The use of temporary mechanical circulatory supports is an accepted strategy to bridge patients with acute heart failure to recovery, decision, transplantation or destination therapy. These devices are however limited in children and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) remains the most commonly used device. Veno-arterial ECMO may provide adequate oxygen delivery, but it does not significantly unload the left ventricle, and this may prevent recovery. To improve the likelihood of left ventricular recovery and minimize the invasiveness of mechanical support, the Impella axial pump has been increasingly used in children with acute heart failure in the last decade. Purpose: There are still limited data describing the Impella indications, management and outcomes in children, therefore, we aimed to provide a comprehensive narrative review useful for the pediatric nurses to be adequately trained and acquire specific competencies in Impella management.

The Effect of Pain Management Education on Nurses' Pain Knowledge and Attitudes.

BACKGROUND: Pain is a nursing diagnosis. As such, it should be evaluated and recorded regularly. Nurses should possess a high level of pain management knowledge and a positive attitude toward pain, as these are the most important factors affecting pain control and management in children. AIM: To evaluate the effect of the pain management training provided to pediatric nurses on their pain knowledge and attitudes. METHODS: The study, conducted as a pretest-posttest experiment with a control group, was carried out from January-March 2019 with 61 nurses in the institutions of the Ministry of Health in Turkey. The content of the pain management for children education consisted of the definition of pain, pain theories, factors affecting pain, pain in children, the effects of pain on children, pain symptoms in children, perception of pain according to the developmental levels of children, false beliefs, and facts about pain, pain assessment, and factors preventing pain control in children. Data were obtained using the Personal Information Form, the Pediatric Pain Information form, and an Attitude Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, a chi-square test, a t test, and validity and reliability analyses. All ethical principles were adhered to. RESULTS: No significant difference was found between the nurses' pain knowledge and attitudes on the pretest scores in the experimental and control groups, while the mean posttest scores of the nurses in the experimental group increased significantly (p < .001). As for the pain and knowledge sub-dimensions of nurses in the experimental and control groups, no significant difference was found between the pretest scores for care, pain physiology, painless medication methods, pain relief with medication, pain psychology, and sociology. The mean posttest scores in all subdimensions increased significantly in favor of nurses in the experimental group (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Mean posttest scores of pain knowledge and attitude and subdimensions of the nurses in the experimental group increased significantly, indicating that nurses' knowledge deficiencies in the realm of strong pediatric pain management can be overcome by education, and that their attitudes can be improved.

Nurse perceptions of caring for pediatric patients with behavioral health needs on non-psychiatric units during the COVID-19 pandemic.

PURPOSE: The study examined nurses' perceptions of barriers and needs when caring for pediatric patients with behavioral health needs in inpatient non-psychiatric units during the pandemic. DESIGN AND METHODS: A quantitative descriptive comparative design was used. Members of Society of Pediatric Nurses and National Pediatric Nurse Scientist Collaborative were recruited. The survey included questions about perceived barriers and needs in caring for children with behavioral health needs in their units. RESULTS: A total of 335 nurses across the United States participated. Descriptive statistics, chi-square, and Kruskal-Wallis evaluated responses. Nurses in Southeast/Southwest regions were less fearful when caring for pediatric patients with behavioral health needs (p = .03), more often knew what to do (p = .01), and were supported by a behavioral health team with regular rounding (p = .035). Nurses in adult/pediatric hospitals were less likely to have adequate education to feel competent (p = .012). Nurses in the emergency department were less fearful (p = .02), more confident (p = .025), and more competent (p = .006). Nurses with up to two years of experience were likelier to feel assignments reflected the patient workload (p = .001) and more familiar with trauma-informed care protocols (p = .013). CONCLUSIONS: This study illustrated significant variations in competence, readiness, and attitudes among nurses across different regions, hospital types, departments, and experience levels when caring for pediatric patients with behavioral health needs. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Results from this study could lead to the development of clinical practice guidelines, protocols, or policies to guide practice.

Manejo não farmacológico da enfermagem em pacientes pediátricos com febre e hipertermia: uma revisão sistemática / Non-pharmacological nursing management of pediatric patients with fever and hyperthermia: a systematic review / Manejo de enfermería no farmacológico del paciente pediátrico con fiebre e hipertermia: una revisión sistemática

Objetivo: descrever o manejo não farmacológico do enfermeiro frente ao paciente pediátrico com febre ou hipertermia. Método: a revisão seguiu o PRISMA, contou com estudos empíricos, que abordassem o manejo não farmacológico em crianças com febre, estudos entre 2013 e 2023. As bases de dados foram Adolec, BVS, Embase, LILACS, Web of Science e a biblioteca SciELO, com os descritores "criança", "hipertermia", "febre", "enfermagem" e "enfermagem pediátrica". Resultados: selecionado 7 estudos, descrevem que o manejo não farmacológico são massoterapia, compressas, água morna e sabonete com Marshmallow. O uso de antitérmico (paracetamol) e outra medida não farmacológico foi evidenciada como efetiva. Há lacuna de protocolos para guiar os profissionais para o atendimento da criança com febre, além dos profissionais se basearem em suas crenças na assistência. Conclusão: o uso não farmacológico foi eficaz em conjunto com antitérmico. Há necessidade de outros estudos e desenvolvimento de protocolos para guiar os profissionais na assistência.

Objective: to describe the nurse's non-pharmacological management of pediatric patients with fever or hyperthermia. Method: the review followed PRISMA and included empirical studies that addressed non-pharmacological management in children with fever, studies between 2013 and 2023. The databases were Adolec, BVS, Embase, LILACS, Web of Science and the SciELO library, with the descriptors "child", "hyperthermia", "fever", "nursing" and "pediatric nursing". Results: 7 studies were selected, describing non-pharmacological management as massage therapy, compresses, warm water, and soap with Marshmallow. The use of antipyretics (paracetamol) and other non-pharmacological measures were shown to be effective. There is a lack of protocols to guide professionals in caring for children with fever, in addition to professionals relying on their beliefs in care. Conclusion:non-pharmacological use was effective in conjunction with antipyretics. There is a need for further studies and development of protocols to guide professionals in helping.

Objetivos:describir el manejo no farmacológico de la enfermera del paciente pediátrico con fiebre o hipertermia. Método: la revisión siguió PRISMA, incluyó estudios empíricos que abordaron el manejo no farmacológico en niños con fiebre, estudios entre 2013 y 2023. Las bases de datos fueron Adolec, BVS, Embase, LILACS, Web of Science y la biblioteca SciELO, con los descriptores "niño", "hipertermia", "fiebre", "enfermería" y "enfermería pediátrica". Resultados: se seleccionaron 7 estudios que describen manejo no farmacológico como terapia con masajes, compresas, agua tibia y jabón con Marshmallow. Se demostró eficaz el uso de antipiréticos (paracetamol) y otras medidas no farmacológicas. Faltan protocolos que orienten a los profesionales en el cuidado de niños con fiebre, además de que los profesionales se basen en sus creencias sobre el cuidado. Conclusión: el uso no farmacológico fue efectivo en conjunto con antipiréticos. Es necesario realizar más estudios y desarrollar protocolos que orienten a los profesionales en la prestación de asistencia.

Nursing students' views on trauma-informed pediatric nursing care and family-centered care.

PURPOSE: We studied the views of nursing students on family-centered care (FCC) and their knowledge, opinions, self-rated competence, current practice, and perceived implementation barriers with regard to trauma-informed pediatric nursing care. METHODS: This survey was a descriptive correlational study. The sample consisted of 261 nursing students, 3rd and 4th years, who had completed the Child Health and Diseases Nursing Course. The data were obtained using the "Student Information Form," "Family-Centered Care Attitude Scale," and "trauma-informed care (TIC) Provider Survey." RESULTS: Nursing students were knowledgeable and held favorable opinions about TIC. The survey showed that students with higher levels and those with a hospitalization experience during childhood had higher scores regarding TIC. A positive relationship was found between the students' TIC to mean score and FCC attitude mean score. CONCLUSIONS: Nursing students are not competent to practice TIC, especially with pediatric patients. Therefore, they need to develop relevant skills for helping pediatric patients. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Efforts to improve nursing students' trauma-informed pediatric care should highlight specific skills related to helping pediatric patients manage emotional responses to difficult medical experiences. By integrating TIC into the baccalaureate curricula, nursing educators can provide the students with appropriate skills and facilities so that they can provide holistic and highly effective care to highly vulnerable patients.

Actuación de enfermería en niños hospitalizados mediante el empleo del juguete terapéutico / Nursing Performance though the Use of the Therapeutic Toy with Hospitalized Children

Introducción: El juguete terapéutico es eficaz para explorar las percepciones de pacientes pediátricos, ayuda a disminuir la ansiedad y los temores de los infantes en el proceso de hospitalización. Objetivo: Identificar cómo se aborda desde la literatura científica la actuación de enfermería mediante el juguete terapéutico en niños hospitalizados. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión integradora de literatura científica en los meses enero-mayo 2022, mediante búsqueda en bases de datos: Medline, BDenf, PubMed, Lilacs y SciELO, las palabras clave fueron "juego e implementos de juego and enfermería pediátrica and hospitalización". Para la selección se emplearon como criterios de inclusión: estudios originales o de revisión, disponibles a texto completo, que declararan la metodología aplicada, publicado en los idiomas inglés, español o portugués, en el período de 2017 a 2022. Conclusiones: La utilización del juguete terapéutico resultó ser beneficioso en el cuidado de los niños hospitalizados, dada la percepción favorable del paciente pediátrico y la familia, la perspectiva optimista de los profesionales de enfermería para la organización de los cuidados y las contribuciones explicitas declaradas en los estudios revisados con el juguete terapéutico en la actuación de enfermería. La implementación en las unidades de pediatría, como el derecho a jugar en las instituciones de salud, debe propiciar la humanización del cuidado, con la posibilidad de comprender la interacción que los infantes no consiguen entender, disminuir el estrés, el miedo y fortalecer la triada pediátrica, con lo cual la posibilidad del restablecimiento de la salud física y emocional sea más rápida y mejor(AUI

Introduction: The therapeutic toy is effective for exploring the perceptions of pediatric patients, as well as it helps to decrease anxiety and fears of children in the hospitalization process. Objective: To identify how the scientific literature approaches nursing performance through the therapeutic toy with hospitalized children. Methods: An integrative review of scientific literature was carried out in the months from January to May 2022, through a search in the Medline, BDenf, PubMed, Lilacs and SciELO databases. The keywords were juego e implementos de juego and enfermería pediátrica and hospitalización [play and play implements and pediatric nursing and hospitalization]. The selection involved the following inclusion criteria: original or review studies, available in full text, stating the applied methodology, and published in the English, Spanish or Portuguese languages in the period from 2017 to 2022. Conclusions: The use of the therapeutic toy was beneficial in the care of hospitalized children, given the favorable perception of the pediatric patient and family, the optimistic perspective of nursing professionals for the organization of care, and the explicit contributions stated in the reviewed studies regarding the therapeutic toy in nursing performance. Implementation in pediatric units, including the right to play in healthcare facilities, should promote the humanization of care, with the possibility of understanding the interaction that children fail to understand; as well as reduce stress, fear and strengthen the pediatric triad, in such a way to accelerate and improve the possibility of recovering physical and emotional health(AU)

Percepção de enfermeiras sobre a identificação do paciente como segurança na assistência a criança hospitalizada / Percepción del personal de enfermería de la identificación del paciente como medida de seguridad en la atención a los niños hospitalizados / Perception of nurses on patient identification as safety in the care of hospitalized child

Objetivo: identificar a percepção de enfermeiras que atuam em unidade pediátrica sobre medidas de segurança do paciente. Método: estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório, realizado em um hospital público de Pernambuco, Brasil. Participaram seis enfermeiras atuantes na pediatria. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre novembro e fevereiro de 2021 mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas, a análise dos dados foi realizada por meio da investigação do conteúdo. Resultados: identificou-se três categorias a partir da análise dos resultados, sendo elas a percepção das enfermeiras sobre segurança do paciente, as barreiras de identificação do paciente na unidade pediátrica e a pulseiras de identificação: estratégia para mitigar erros na unidade pediátrica. Considerações finais: foi possível perceber que as enfermeiras acreditam na importância da identificação dos pacientes como uma estratégia para minimizar a ocorrência de erros relacionados a medicamentos e enfatizam que esse ato proporciona uma segurança maior aos profissionais durante a execução dos procedimentos.

Objetivo: identificar la percepción de las enfermeras que trabajan en una unidad pediátrica sobre las medidas de seguridad del paciente. Método: estudio cualitativo, descriptivo y exploratorio, realizado en un hospital público de Pernambuco, Brasil. Participaron seis enfermeras que trabajaban en la unidad pediátrica. La recogida de datos se llevó a cabo entre noviembre y febrero de 2021 mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas, el análisis de datos se realizó mediante investigación de contenido. Resultados: se identificaron tres categorías a partir del análisis de los resultados, siendo éstas la percepción de las enfermeras sobre la seguridad del paciente, las barreras de identificación del paciente en la unidad pediátrica y las barreras de identificación: estrategia para mitigar los errores en la unidad pediátrica. Consideraciones finales: Fue posible notar que las enfermeras creen en la importancia de la identificación del paciente como estrategia para minimizar la ocurrencia de errores relacionados a la medicación y destacan que este acto proporciona mayor seguridad a los profesionales durante la ejecución de los procedimientos.

Objective to identify the perception of nurses who work in a pediatric unit about patient safety measures. Method: qualitative, descriptive and exploratory study, conducted in a public hospital in Pernambuco, Brazil. Six pediatric nurses participated. Data collection was conducted between November and February 2021 through semi-structured interviews; data analysis was conducted through content investigation. Results: three categories were identified from the analysis of the Results: nurses' perception of patient safety, patient identification barriers in the pediatric unit, and identification wristbands: a strategy to mitigate errors in the pediatric unit. Final considerations: it was possible to realize that nurses believe in the importance of patient identification as a strategy to minimize the occurrence of medication-related errors and emphasize that this act provides greater safety to professionals during the execution of procedures.

Segurança da criança no cuidado de enfermagem na atenção primária à saúde / Child safety in nursing care in primary health care / La seguridad infantil en el cuidado de enfermería en la atención primaria de salud

Objetivo: Investigar a segurança da criança no cuidado de enfermagem prestado na atenção primária à saúde. Métodos: Pesquisa exploratória com abordagem qualitativa, realizada com nove profissionais de enfermagem de duas unidades básicas de saúde, de um município do Sul do Brasil, no segundo semestre de 2020. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, organizados com o software webQDA e analisados com a análise temática. Resultados: Os resultados foram organizados em dois temas: Orientações fornecidas pelos profissionais de enfermagem para segurança da criança; Medidas adotadas pelos profissionais de enfermagem para a segurança da criança. Evidenciouse que a segurança do paciente em pediatria exige que a enfermagem execute uma avaliação integral da criança, de modo a reconhecer o contexto onde se articula o cuidado, bem como focando na comunicação efetiva e no trabalho multiprofissional, para garantir a qualidade da assistência. Conclusão: Os profissionais atentam para a segurança da criança no cuidado prestado, contudo evidenciam a necessidade de explorar melhor a temática nos serviços de saúde, através de educação permanente e do estabelecimento de protocolos, de modo a viabilizar uma unificação dos conhecimentos e tornar o cuidado mais efetivo e seguro. (AU)

Objective: To investigate child safety in nursing care provided in primary health care. Methods: Exploratory research with a qualitative approach, carried out with nine nursing professionals from two basic health units in a city in southern Brazil, in the second half of 2020. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, organized with the webQDA software and analyzed with thematic analysis. Results: The results were organized into two themes: guidance provided by nursing professionals for child safety; Measures taken by nursing professional for child safety. It was evident that patient safety in pediatrics requires that nursing perform a comprehensive assessment of the child, in order to recognize the context in which care is articulated, as well as focusing on effective communications and multidisciplinary work, to ensure the quality of care. Conclusion: Professionals pay attention to the child's safety in the care provided, however they highlight the need to be better explore the theme in health services, through permanent education and the establishment of protocols, in order to enable a unification of knowledge and make care more effective and safer. (AU)

Objetivo: Investigar la seguridad infantil en los cuidados de enfermería brindados en la atención primaria de salud. Métodos: Investigación exploratoria con enfoque cualitativo, realizada con nueve profesionales de enfermería de dos unidades básicas de salud en una ciudad del sur de Brasil, en el segundo semestre de 2020. Los datos fueran recolectados a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas, organizados con el software webQDA y analizados con análisis temático. Resultados: Los resultados se organizaron en dos temas: Orientación brindada por profesionales de enfermaría para la seguridad infantil; Medidas adoptadas por los profesionales de enfermería para la seguridad infantil. Se evidenció que la seguridad del paciente en pediatría requiere que la enfermaría realice una valoración integral del niño, a fin de reconocer el contexto en el que se articula el cuidado, además de enfocarse en la comunicación efectiva y el trabajo multidisciplinario, para asegurar la calidad del cuidado. Conclusión: Los profesionales prestan atención a seguridad del niño en el cuidado brindado, sin embargo, destacan la necesidad profundizar la exploración del tema en los servicios de salud, a través de la educación permanente y el establecimiento de protocolos, a fin de posibilitar la unificación de conocimientos y hacer la atención más efectiva y segura. (AU)

Analysis of Nursing Effect of Children with Henoch-Schonlein Purpura Based on the PDCA Nursing Model.

By applying the PDCA model to the care of children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura, the nursing process can be divided into four stages: planning, execution, inspection, and treatment. According to the age characteristics and disease progression of pediatric patients, a complete nursing plan is formulated to efficiently implement the nursing content and improve the nursing effect. This paper studies the application of the PDCA nursing model in the nursing of children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura and statistically analyzes the disappearance of skin rash, joint pain relief, disappearance of urine protein, disappearance of gastrointestinal symptoms, etc. Finally, this paper combines the experiment to evaluate the intervention effect of this nursing model and provides reference for the follow-up care of children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura. From the results of experimental research, it can be known that PDCA nursing can improve the comfort of children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura, shorten the time for symptom disappearance, and speed up the recovery process.

Efectos del juguete terapéutico instructivo en la terapia intravenosa en niños hospitalizados / Effects of the Instructive Therapeutic Toy on Intravenous Therapy for Hospitalized Children

Introducción: El juguete terapéutico instructivo puede revelar las necesidades implícitas al paciente y ayudarle a comprender las metodologías, diagnósticos y terapias a las que será sometido, lo que promueve su tranquilidad, seguridad y acuerdo con el tratamiento, además de proporcionar una mejor interacción con los profesionales de la salud. Objetivo: Analizar los efectos del uso del juguete terapéutico instructivo en la preparación del niño hospitalizado para realizar la terapia intravenosa. Métodos: Estudio cuasi-experimental de enfoque cuantitativo, realizado en un hospital pediátrico público de la ciudad de Juazeiro do Norte- Ceará, Brasil. La población de estudio fue compuesta por 31 niños en edad preescolar y escolar. La recolección de datos se realizó de julio a septiembre de 2019, a través de la observación, y el análisis se realizó a través del programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, por medio de la Prueba t y McNemar. Resultados: Hubo una reducción estadísticamente significativa de todas las variables que indican una menor aceptación del niño a la terapia intravenosa, con la excepción de la variable colabora pasivamente. Si bien hubo un aumento estadísticamente significativo en algunas variables que indican una mayor aceptación del niño a la terapia intravenosa. Conclusión: El juguete terapéutico instructivo se establece como una herramienta tecnológica fundamental para la promoción de la responsabilidad, la autonomía y la corresponsabilidad del cuidado de la salud, valoración del sujeto/usuario como un ser humano singular, y la deconstrucción de prácticas de salud deshumanizadas, especialmente en enfermería pediátrica(AU)

Introduction: The instructive therapeutic toy can reveal the needs implicit to the patient and help them understand the methodologies, diagnoses and therapies to which they will be subjected, which promotes his peace of mind, safety and agreement with treatment, in addition to providing better interaction with healthcare professionals. Objective: To analyze the effects of using the instructive therapeutic toy in the preparation of the hospitalized child prior to performing intravenous therapy. Methods: Quasiexperimental study with a quantitative approach, carried out in a public pediatric hospital in Juazeiro do Norte City, Ceará, Brazil. The study population consisted of 31 preschool and school-age children. Data collection was carried out from July to September 2019, through observation, and the analysis was carried out by means of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences program, using t-test and McNemar's test. Results: There was a statistically significant reduction in all the variables that indicate the child´s lower acceptance of intravenous therapy, with the exception of the variable they collaborate passively. However, there was a statistically significant increase in some variables that indicate the child's greater acceptance of intravenous therapy. Conclusion: The instructive therapeutic toy is established as a fundamental technological tool for promoting responsibility, autonomy and co-responsibility of health care, valuating the subject/user as a singular human being, and the deconstruction of dehumanized health practices, especially in pediatric nursing(AU)

Survey on the main pediatric nursing techniques.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this survey is to assess nurses and pe-diatric nurses' knowledge about pediatric procedures and to evaluate, according to the results, whether it may be useful to provide handbooks that include the main techniques, courses or CME. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study is a cross-sectional survey car-ried out from 31st of May 2020 to 21st July 2020 including a sample of 811 subjects. To analyze data obtained from questionnaire, it has been used Distribution Frequency, analysis of variance and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: The sample analyzed, 585 nurses and 226 pediatric nurses, aged >20years, originates from central Italy (54,7%). Most profes-sionals had a post degree training (66,8%) According to ANOVA, the subjects with major knowledge of pediatric procedures are male (p=<0,001) and pediatric nurses (p=< 0,001); furthermore, post degree training (p=0,004) and a larger amount of years of service (p= <0,001) could affect significantly professionals training. Moreover, based on multiple linear regression analysis, what played a major role in a better nurse education was the higher age, 31-40 years old (p= <0,001) and origin from northern Italy (p=<0,001). CONCLUSIONS: After a literature review on the main database, this study appears to be the first of its genre. The Survey demonstrates how pediatric nursing techniques are poorly known within nursing environment. To give a contribution for a better improvement in this field it is requested a pediatric nursing degree or at least a master in pediatrics and continue training.

A moment just for me - parents' experiences of an intervention for person-centred information in paediatric oncology.

PURPOSE: Information can help parents of children with cancer by reducing uncertainty and giving them a sense of control in a chaotic situation. Although providing information to parents is a core activity of paediatric oncology nursing, few studies focus on interventions for informing parents. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate parents' experiences after participating in a person-centred information intervention for parents of children with cancer. METHOD: This study is part of a process evaluation of a person-centred informational intervention in paediatric oncology for patients' parents. Qualitative semi-structured interviews with 13 parents who had taken part in the intervention were analysed using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: An opening for healing emerged as the overarching theme, consisting of three categories. Gaining a deeper understanding of the entire situation describes how parents benefitted from processing current topics and moving forward by learning. Caring reflections in a safe space describes how parents appreciated having a moment just for themselves and feeling better by venting their feelings. Meeting a competent and compassionate nurse describes how parents experienced trust and being listened to. CONCLUSION: Having individual information meetings integrated as a primary nursing responsibility, mediated by competent and compassionate nurses also responsible for the care of the child, could enhance person-centred care and individualise parental education.

Desarrollo y validación de una fórmula de estimación del peso para emergencias pediátricas / Development and validation of a weight estimation tool for paediatric emergency care

OBJETIVOS: Desarrollar y validar una herramienta de estimación del peso en emergencias pediátricas. MÉTODO: Estudio realizado en 2 etapas. Utilizando datos antropométricos informatizados de los servicios de pediatría de atención primaria de Bilbao (País Vasco, España) se elaboraron modelos de regresión lineal para estimar el peso en función de la estatura. Posteriormente, estos modelos fueron aplicados de forma prospectiva a una muestra consecutiva de pacientes pediátricos atendidos en urgencias de 2 hospitales terciarios. Se compararon los pesos estimados con los reales, calculando el coeficiente de correlación intraclase (CCI), media de la diferencia y proporción de mediciones con un error del peso estimado inferior al 10 y 20% con respecto al valor real. RESULTADOS: A partir de los datos antropométricos de 15.522 menores se desarrollaron 2 fórmulas predictivas del peso («fórmulas de Bilbao»). Las formulas fueron validadas sobre una muestra de 780 pacientes pediátricos, y estimaron valores del peso con un alto grado de correlación intraclase con respecto al peso real (CCI=0,93; p < 0,001) y una media de la diferencia de 0,63 (DE: 4,3). La proporción de error de la estimación del peso con respecto al valor real fue inferior al 10 en el 62,2% (IC 95%: 58,7-65,6) de las mediciones e inferior al 20% en el 93,1% (IC 95%: 91,1-94,8), unos resultados notablemente mejores que los que hubiesen obtenido otras fórmulas clásicas. CONCLUSIONES: Las «fórmulas de Bilbao» pueden suponer una herramienta válida en la estimación del peso en pacientes pediátricos en urgencias y predicen el peso con mayor precisión que otras fórmulas de uso más habitual basadas en la edad

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a weight estimation tool applicable in paediatric emergency care. METHODS: Using anthropometric data from a computerized database of the primary health care paediatric services, Bilbao (Basque Country, Spain), linear regression models were developed with the objective of estimating weight from height. Subsequently, these models were prospectively validated using a consecutive sample of children attended in the emergency department of two tertiary hospitals. Estimated weights were compared with actual weights, calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), mean difference and percentages of estimations falling within 10% and 20% of the actual weight. RESULTS: Using anthropometric data from 15522 children two weight predictive formulas were developed (Bilbao Formulas). The formulas were validated on a sample of 780 children and estimated weight values with a high degree of intraclass correlation with the real weight (ICC=.93, P<.001) and a mean difference of .63 (SD: 4.3). The percentages of estimations falling within 10% and 20% of the actual weight of the child was 62.2% (95% CI: 58.7-65.6) and 93.1% (95% CI: 91.1-94.8), respectively. Weight estimations were more accurate using Bilbao Formulas than other classical formulas. CONCLUSIONS: Bilbao Formulas would be a valid tool for estimating weight in children in the emergency department and predict weight more accurately than other more commonly used age-based formulas

Time de acesso vascular e terapia infusional: satisfação da equipe de saúde em hospital pediátrico / Vascular access and infusional therapy team: satisfaction of the health team at pediatric hospital / Equipo de acceso vascular y terapia infusional: satisfacción del equipo de salud en hospital pediátrico

Objetivos: Conhecer a satisfação e qualidade do serviço sobre time de acesso vascular e terapia infusional (TAVTI) e identificar a importância do TAVTI para a equipe de saúde. Metodo: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo exploratória, descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa. Aplicamos formulários para 149 profissionais. Resultados: Dos participantes, 46,97%(n:70) refere total satisfação frente ao TAVTI; a minoria 0,67%(n:1) demonstra insatisfação total; a maioria considera o serviço muito importante 71,14%(n:106) e excelente atuação para 44,96%(n:67). Apenas 1,34%(2) dos profissionais considerou a qualidade do trabalho regular. Dos participantes, 126 declararam: serviço humanizado; seguro para o paciente; necessita de capacitação e treinamento; material seguro; período integral. Conclusão: A atuação do TAVTI demonstra ser efetiva. Constatou-se a satisfação da equipe de saúde e a importância na pediatria devido à preservação do acesso venoso e o desejo dos profissionais em manter o TAVTI período integral. Frente ao percentual de qualidade considerado, excelente e ótimo.(AU)

Objectives: To know the satisfaction and quality of service on the vascular access and infusional therapy team (TAVTI) and to identify the importance of TAVTI for the health team. Methodo: This is an exploratory, descriptive field research, with a quantitative and qualitative approach. We apply forms to 149 professionals. Results: Of the participants, 46.97% (n: 70) reported total satisfaction with TAVTI; the minority 0.67% (n: 1) shows total dissatisfaction; the majority considered the service very important 71.14% (n: 106) and excellent performance for 44.96% (n: 67). Only 1.34% (2) of the professionals considered the quality of work to be regular. Of the participants, 126 declared: humanized service; safe for the patient; needs qualification and training; safe material; Full time. Conclusion: The performance of TAVTI proves to be effective. The satisfaction of the health team and the importance in pediatrics were found due to the preservation of venous access and the desire of professionals to maintain TAVTI full time. In view of the percentage of quality considered, excellent and great.(AU)

Objetivos: Conocer la satisfacción y calidad del servicio del equipo de acceso vascular y terapia infusional (TAVTI) e identificar la importancia de TAVTI para el equipo de salud. Metodo: Se trata de una investigación de campo exploratoria, descriptiva, con enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo. Aplicamos formularios a 149 profesionales. Resultados: De los participantes, el 46,97% (n: 70) reportaron satisfacción total con TAVTI; la minoría 0,67% (n: 1) muestra total insatisfacción; la mayoría consideró el servicio muy importante 71,14% (n: 106) y excelente desempeño para el 44,96% (n: 67). Solo el 1,34% (2) de los profesionales consideró regular la calidad del trabajo. De los participantes, 126 declararon: servicio humanizado; seguro para el paciente; necesita cualificación y formación; material seguro; período integral. Conclusión: La actuación de TAVTI demuestra ser eficaz. La satisfacción del equipo de salud y la importancia en pediatría se encontraron debido a la preservación del acceso venoso y el deseo de los profesionales de mantener TAVTI a tiempo completo. En vista del porcentaje de calidad considerado, excelente y óptimo.(AU)

Brinquedo terapêutico para crianças com Diabetes Mellitus tipo I: intervenções no domicílio / Juguete terapéutico para niños con Diabetes Mellitus tipo I: intervenciones en el hogar / Therapeutic toy for children with Type I Diabetes Mellitus: Home interventions

Resumo Objetivo Descrever o uso do brinquedo terapêutico no cuidado domiciliar de crianças com Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1. Método Estudo qualitativo do tipo Estudo de Caso, realizado com crianças com diagnóstico de Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1, residentes no interior do Paraná. Os dados foram coletados em 2018, por meio de entrevista com as mães, sessões de brinquedo terapêutico com as crianças e anotações no diário de campo. A análise dos dados foi realizada seguindo os preceitos da análise de conteúdo. Resultados As crianças simularam situações cotidianas com o brinquedo terapêutico com naturalidade, evidenciando que cuidados com a glicemia e aplicação da insulina fazem parte da rotina. Contudo, demonstram sinais de insatisfação com a própria saúde, traçando comparações com crianças que não apresentam a doença e demonstrando suas angústias quando submetidas a procedimentos dolorosos. Conclusão A utilização do brinquedo terapêutico permitiu a abertura de um canal efetivo de comunicação entre criança e profissional, possibilitando ao pesquisador compreender a percepção das crianças sobre sua condição de saúde e desenvolver orientações e cuidados direcionados. Implicações para a prática Ao utilizar o brinquedo terapêutico, recurso de intervenção na assistência de enfermagem, como tecnologia de cuidado, amplia-se as possibilidades de atuação da enfermagem pediátrica, auxiliando crianças em condições crônicas.

Resumen Objetivo Describir el uso de juguetes terapéuticos en el cuidado domiciliario de niños con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1. Método Estudio de caso tipo estudio cualitativo realizado con niños diagnosticados de Diabetes mellitus tipo 1, residentes del interior de Paraná. Los datos fueron recolectados en 2018, a través de entrevistas con madres, sesiones de juego terapéutico con niños y notas en el diario de campo. El análisis de datos se realizó siguiendo los preceptos del análisis de contenido. Resultados Los niños simularon situaciones cotidianas con el juguete terapéutico de forma natural, demostrando que los cuidados con la aplicación de glucosa e insulina son parte de su rutina. Sin embargo, muestran signos de insatisfacción con su propia salud, haciendo comparaciones con niños que no padecen la enfermedad y demostrando su angustia al ser sometidos a procedimientos dolorosos. Conclusión El uso de juguetes terapéuticos permitió la apertura de un canal de comunicación eficaz entre los niños y los profesionales, posibilitando al investigador comprender la percepción de los niños sobre su estado de salud, y desarrollar orientaciones y cuidados focalizados. Implicaciones para la práctica Al utilizar el juguete terapéutico, recurso de intervención en el cuidado de enfermería, como tecnología asistencial, se amplían las posibilidades del trabajo de enfermería pediátrica y se presta ayuda a los niños en condiciones crónicas.

Abstract Objective To describe the use of therapeutic toys in home care for children with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Method A qualitative case study carried out with children diagnosed with type 1 Diabetes mellitus, residents in the inland of Paraná. Data was collected in 2018, through interviews with mothers, therapeutic play sessions with children and notes in the field diary. Data analysis was performed following the precepts of content analysis. Results The children simulated everyday situations with the therapeutic toy naturally, showing that the care measures with blood glucose and insulin application are part of the routine. However, they show signs of dissatisfaction with their own health, drawing comparisons with children who do not suffer from the disease and demonstrating their distress when subjected to painful procedures. Conclusion The use of therapeutic toys allowed for the opening of an effective communication channel between children and professionals, enabling the researcher to understand the children's perception of their health condition, and to develop guidelines and targeted care measures. Implications for the practice When using the therapeutic toy, a resource for intervention in Nursing care, as a care technology, the possibilities for pediatric Nursing work are expanded, helping children in chronic conditions.

Management tools in nursing care for children with pressure injury.

OBJECTIVES: to develop and validate management tools for the systematization of nursing care for children with pressure injuries. METHODS: methodological study in which the focus group technique was used for validation of tools in three different groups of 17 nurses. Conducted in April and May 2018 at a large pediatric hospital. RESULTS: two management tools were developed. The first was the Nursing care systematization instrument for children with pressure injury with three parts: a) risk factors; b) Psychobiological Basic Human Needs; c) signs of wound infection. The second was the Flowchart of pressure injury risk and prevention in pediatric patients with three categories: a) risk factors; b) Braden Q scale; c) nursing care. Final Considerations: the tools will support nurses in the care of children with pressure injuries by aiming at an individualized and systematized assessment based on a theoretical framework.