ABSTRACT
The expression of leukocyte adhesion molecules CR3 (CD11b) and p150,95 (CD11c) in synovial tissue was evaluated immunohistochemically. Although a significant proportion of synoviocytes in normal and osteoarthritic synovial membranes expressed the leukocyte common antigen and CR3, very few expressed the p150,95 molecule. In contrast, p150,95 was more evident in rheumatoid synovial membranes. Expression of this molecule was strongest in synovial membranes with a prominent macrophage infiltrate and accumulation of mononuclear phagocytes at the joint surface; p150,95 was also present on interdigitating cells in lymphoid collections. The patterns of expression suggest that these leukocyte adhesion molecules may be important in the diapedesis of mononuclear phagocytes into and through inflamed synovial membranes, as well as in cellular interactions within rheumatoid synovial membranes.
Subject(s)
Antigens, Differentiation/metabolism , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/metabolism , Osteoarthritis/metabolism , Phagocytes/metabolism , Synovial Membrane/metabolism , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology , Antigens, Differentiation/genetics , Antigens, Differentiation/immunology , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/pathology , CD11 Antigens , Female , Gene Expression Regulation , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Integrin alphaXbeta2 , Male , Middle Aged , Osteoarthritis/pathology , Phagocytes/physiopathology , Synovial Membrane/cytology , Synovial Membrane/pathologyABSTRACT
The cellular activity generated by PMNs and macrophages in association with diverse cytokines has a profound impact on all major functional responses of host cellular components during sepsis and septic injury. It is the modulation of these cellular interactions and their effect on the continuum between appropriate and inappropriate responses during inflammation that will dictate the outcome of humans with sepsis.
Subject(s)
Sepsis/immunology , Shock, Septic/immunology , Humans , Lymphokines , Multiple Organ Failure/physiopathology , Neutrophils/immunology , Neutrophils/physiopathology , Phagocytes/immunology , Phagocytes/physiopathology , Sepsis/mortality , Shock, Septic/etiology , Shock, Septic/mortalitySubject(s)
Phagocyte Bactericidal Dysfunction/immunology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Ascorbic Acid/therapeutic use , Blood Transfusion , Cell Adhesion , Chemotaxis , Female , Granulocytes/pathology , Granulocytes/physiopathology , Granulocytes/transplantation , Granulomatous Disease, Chronic/immunology , Granulomatous Disease, Chronic/prevention & control , Granulomatous Disease, Chronic/therapy , Humans , Hypergammaglobulinemia/immunology , Hypergammaglobulinemia/physiopathology , Immunoglobulin E/analysis , Luminescent Measurements , Neutrophils/immunology , Phagocyte Bactericidal Dysfunction/blood , Phagocytes/pathology , Phagocytes/physiopathologyABSTRACT
Splenectomy impairs survival after pneumococcal challenge in rats, while preservation of sufficient splenic tissue can be protective. This study investigated the effects of methylcellulose on stimulation of splenic weight, splenic histology, reticuloendothelial (RE) activity, and survival after pneumococcal infection. Methylcellulose increased spleen weight four- to five-fold but did not improve RE function or survival after infection. These parameters correlated best with the weight of the remnant in animals that did not receive methylcellulose. The functional limitations of splenic autotransplants were not corrected by methylcellulose stimulation of splenic weight. Preservation of a splenic remnant with intact blood supply is preferable to autotransplantation of the spleen to conserve RE capability.
Subject(s)
Mononuclear Phagocyte System/physiopathology , Pneumococcal Infections/physiopathology , Spleen/physiopathology , Animals , Female , Liver/physiopathology , Methylcellulose/pharmacology , Mononuclear Phagocyte System/drug effects , Organ Size , Phagocytes/physiopathology , Rats , Rats, Inbred Strains , Spleen/drug effects , Spleen/pathology , SplenectomySubject(s)
Phagocytes/physiopathology , Cell Adhesion , Chediak-Higashi Syndrome/physiopathology , Chemotaxis , Child, Preschool , Complement System Proteins/deficiency , Female , Granulomatous Disease, Chronic/diagnosis , Granulomatous Disease, Chronic/physiopathology , Humans , Infant , Job Syndrome/physiopathology , Kartagener Syndrome/physiopathology , Male , Phagocyte Bactericidal Dysfunction/physiopathology , Phagocyte Bactericidal Dysfunction/therapy , Recurrence , Skin Diseases/etiologyABSTRACT
Various micro- and macrophage functions were studied in vitro in 21 patients suffering from lichen ruber planus and in 100 healthy individuals. A slight impairment of chemotactic activity of microphages (12/21) and a reduced capacity of intracellular inactivation of microorganisms in both systems (14/21; 3/12) were found.
Subject(s)
Lichen Planus/physiopathology , Macrophages/physiopathology , Phagocytes/physiopathology , Adult , Chemotaxis , Female , Humans , Macrophage Activation , MaleABSTRACT
A new microsurgical procedure for the induction of thrombosis in rat aorta is described. The method is based on the introduction into the vascular lumen of a small piece of the aortic wall, the so called "aortic flap". A long-lived, platelet-rich arterial thrombus invariably forms on the inserted aortic flap. These thrombi closely resemble human arterial thrombi in structure and subsequent development.
Subject(s)
Microsurgery , Thrombosis/etiology , Animals , Aorta , Blood Coagulation , Blood Platelets/physiopathology , Fibrin , Fibroblasts/physiopathology , Leukocytes/physiopathology , Male , Phagocytes/physiopathology , Rats , Time FactorsABSTRACT
A false-positive result of a occupant lesion of the left hepatic lobe is presented in a patient with congestive heart failure (CHF) and subacute bacterial endocarditis (SABE). Both, static liver scintigraphy and dynamic radioangiography showed a focal defect on the upper region of the left lobe, which disappeared with the CHF. It was concluded that this focal defect was caused by passive congestion of the liver. A scintigraphic sign to differentiate congestive splenomegaly to that caused and SABE is described.
