Impact of an active lifestyle on heart rate variability and oxidative stress markers in offspring of hypertensives.

Familial history of hypertension is associated with autonomic dysfunction and increase in blood pressure (BP). However, an active lifestyle has been found to improve a number of health outcomes and reduce all-cause mortality. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of an active lifestyle on hemodynamics, heart rate variability (HRV) and oxidative stress markers in offspring of hypertensive parents. One hundred twenty-seven subjects were assigned into four groups: sedentary offspring of normotensives (S-ON) or hypertensives (S-OH); and physically active offspring of normotensives (A-ON) or hypertensives (A-OH). Diastolic BP and heart rate were reduced in the physically active groups when compared to S-OH group. A-ON and A-OH groups presented increased values of RR total variance when compared to the sedentary ones (A-ON: 4,912 ± 538 vs. S-ON: 2,354 ± 159; A-OH: 3,112 ± 236 vs. S-OH: 2,232 ± 241 ms2). Cardiac sympato-vagal balance (LF/HF), systemic hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion were markedly increased in S-OH group when compared to all other studied groups. Additionally, important correlations were observed between LF/HF with diastolic BP (r = 0.30) and hydrogen peroxide (r = 0.41). Thus, our findings seem to confirm an early autonomic dysfunction in offspring of hypertensive parents, which was associated with a systemic increase in reactive oxygen species and blood pressure. However, our most important finding lies in the attenuation of such disorders in offspring of physically active hypertensives, thus emphasizing the importance of a physically active lifestyle in the prevention of early disorders that may be associated with onset of hypertension.

Disautonomías neurovegetativas: un caso clínico interesante / Neurovegetative dysautonomies: an interesting clinical case

Fundamento: la hiperactividad simpática paroxística consiste en episodios autolimitados de hipertensión arterial, taquicardia, taquipnea, hiperhidrosis, disminución del nivel de conciencia, aumento del tono muscular con postura en extensión, hipertermia, sialorrea y midriasis. Con frecuencia se retrasa su reconocimiento lo que incrementa la morbilidad y mortalidad. Objetivo: conocer la importancia de un diagnóstico y tratamiento precoz de la enfermedad para mayor supervivencia del paciente afectado. Presentación del caso: paciente de 33 años de edad, femenina, que desarrolló una hiperactividad simpática paroxística asociada con hidrocefalia obstructiva. Conclusiones: debe sospecharse la enfermedad en pacientes con daño cerebral agudo de diversas causas. El diagnóstico temprano es vital para evitar estudios diagnósticos e intervenciones innecesarias e iniciar un tratamiento rápido y apropiado que modifique la evolución del síndrome(AU)

Background: paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity consists of self-limited episodes of arterial hypertension, tachycardia, tachypnea, hyperhidrosis, decreased level of consciousness, increased muscle tone with extension posture, hyperthermia, sialorrhea and mydriasis. Frequently their recognition is delayed, which increases morbidity and mortality. Objective: to make known the importance of an early diagnosis and treatment of the entity for greater survival of the affected patient. Case report: a 33-years-old female patient who developed a paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity associated with obstructive hydrocephalus. Conclusions: the entity should be suspected in patients with acute brain damage of various etiologies. Early diagnosis is vital to avoid unnecessary diagnostic studies and interventions and to initiate a rapid and appropriate treatment that modifies the evolution of the syndrome(AU)

The Use of Release-Active Antibody-Based Preparations for Vertigo Prevention in Adults.

The effectiveness of antibody-based release-active preparations Impaza (antibodies to eNOS), Tenoten (antibodies to brain-specific protein S-100), Dietressa (antibodies to type 1 cannabinoid receptor), Brizantin (combined preparation, antibodies to brain-specific protein S-100 and type 1 cannabinoid receptor), and Divaza (combined preparation, antibodies to brain-specific protein S-100 and eNOS) in the prevention of vertigo was studied on the model of intermittent accumulation of Coriolis accelerations (ICCA). Modification of activity of vestibular receptors and signal systems by release-active preparations contributed to an increase in ICCA tolerance time. Combined preparation Impaza possessed the most significant antinaupathic properties. Brizantin was less potent in this respect.

Plasma cortisol levels in Guillain-Barré syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between plasma cortisol level and Guillain-Barré syndrome-related complications, notably respiratory failure. One third of patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome develop respiratory failure, which is predicted by few early indicators. Adrenal function has rarely been studied in Guillain-Barré syndrome. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Intensive care unit in a teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome referred to our unit (n = 102). INTERVENTIONS: Plasma cortisol levels were measured before baseline and 60 mins after corticotrophin test in 93 patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome at admission, 16 (17%) of whom were ventilated within 24 hrs from admission, 17 (18%) ventilated after the 24th hr and 60 (65%) never ventilated. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Mean plasma cortisol levels at baseline and 60 mins after corticotrophin test were 22.9 +/- 11.3 ng/mL and 45.4 +/- 16.1 ng/mL. At baseline, the plasma cortisol levels were significantly higher in 17 (18%) patients, who developed respiratory failure at least 24 hrs later (28.5 +/- 12.1 ng/mL vs. 20.4 +/- 9.6 ng/mL; p = .003) and dysautonomia (33.1 +/- 14.3 ng/mL vs. 21.4 +/- 10.2 ng/mL, p = .003). When adjusting on only validated clinical predictors (i.e., delay between onset and admission <7 days, inability to lift head and vital capacity <60%), baseline cortisol level was the only independent risk factor for respiratory failure (odds ratio: 2.45 per 10 ng/mL [1.23-4.88 ng/mL], p = .01). Fifty-nine patients underwent electrophysiological testing. When adjusting on a validated electrophysiological model (i.e., peroneal proximal/distal compound muscle action potential ratio and vital capacity), baseline cortisol level remained an independent predictor (odds ratio: 2.50 per 10 ng/mL [1.14-5.51 ng/mL], p = .02). CONCLUSION: Measurement of baseline plasma cortisol levels can be helpful for early detection of patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome at risk for respiratory failure at least 24 hrs later.