Subject(s)
Adjuvants, Immunologic/therapeutic use , HIV Infections/therapy , HIV-1 , Levamisole/therapeutic use , Pyridoxal Phosphate/immunology , Pyridoxine/therapeutic use , CD4 Lymphocyte Count/drug effects , HIV Infections/blood , HIV Infections/immunology , Humans , Levamisole/immunology , Pyridoxal Phosphate/blood , Pyridoxine/immunologyABSTRACT
Nutritional deficiencies have been documented to affect immune function. The present study indicates that vitamin B6 deficiency is prevalent in CDC stage III HIV-1-infected subjects, despite adequate dietary vitamin B6 intake. As vitamin B6 deficiency has been previously shown to affect immune function, these relatively asymptomatic HIV-1-infected patients were examined for evidence of a relationship between vitamin B6 deficiency and immune dysregulation. Vitamin B6 status in HIV-1-infected subjects was significantly associated with functional parameters of immunity [multivariate F(3,36) = 3.70, p less than or equal to 0.02]. Additional analyses indicated that overtly deficient participants exhibited significantly decreased lymphocyte responsiveness to the mitogens phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed, and reduced natural killer cell cytotoxicity, compared to subjects with clearly adequate vitamin B6 status (chi 2 = 8.78, df = 3, p less than 0.04). Vitamin B6 status was not related to immune cell subpopulations, e.g., CD4, CD8 cell number, or level of serum immunoglobulins. The results of this study indicate that while vitamin B6 status is not a primary etiological factor in HIV-1-related immunological dysregulation, it appears to be an important cofactor of immune function.
Subject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology , Pyridoxine/blood , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Adult , Humans , Immunity, Cellular , Male , Middle Aged , Nutritional Status , Pyridoxine/immunology , Vitamin B 6 Deficiency/complications , Vitamin B 6 Deficiency/immunologySubject(s)
Nutritional Status/immunology , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology , Aged , Animals , Ascorbic Acid/immunology , Child , Child, Preschool , Guinea Pigs , Humans , Immunity, Maternally-Acquired , Infant , Milk, Human/immunology , Pyridoxine/immunology , Smoking/adverse effects , Tuberculosis/immunology , Zinc/immunologyABSTRACT
Monoclonal antibodies exhibiting various specificities for B6 vitamer forms have been prepared. The antigen preparation employed was a partially purified mixture of human placental proteins that had been derivatized by reaction with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate and sodium borohydride. Spleen cells obtained from mice immunized with the phosphopyridoxyl protein preparation were fused with the mouse myeloma cell line designated X63-Ag8.653. The resulting hybridomas were screened for production of antibodies to the haptenic phosphopyridoxyl group using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Clones producing such antibodies were isolated by limiting dilution methods. The monoclonal antibodies obtained in this fashion have been characterized with respect to their ability to interact with various forms of vitamin B6. In addition, these antibodies have been shown to be useful in the detection of cellular pyridoxal phosphate binding components using immunoblot techniques. Monoclonal antibodies to vitamin B6 derivatives are potentially powerful tools in the assessment of vitamin B6 nutritional status and in the study of the roles of pyridoxal phosphate binding components in relation to growth, differentiation, carcinogenesis, and steroid hormone action.
