[Digital oral-maxillofacial imaging: present and future].

Digital imaging has been widely used in the field of oral and maxillofacial radiology. The present work summarizes the use of digital imaging from the following aspects: ①The origin of digital oral and maxillofacial imaging; ②The influence of digital imaging on the work mode and work flow of oral and maxillofacial radiology; ③ Application of picture archiving and communication system(PACS)in oral and maxillofacial radiology; ④The influence of three dimensional medical data sets on diagnosis, prognosis and treatment plan; ⑤Digital imaging facilitates the development of telemedicine and internet-medicine; ⑥The significance of establishing a medical database or data center; ⑦Problems and challenges.

Aplicabilidade clínica da radiografia digital na Odontologia / The clinical applicability of digital radiography in dentistry

As primeiras radiografias digitais surgiram em 1987. Esta tecnologia é considerada um grande avanço, pois possibilita inúmeras vantagens sobre a radiografia tradicional, por exemplo, redução da dose de exposição aos raios-x, aumentando a segurança e a qualidade do procedimento, além de o custobenefício da radiografia digital ser melhor quando comparada à convencional. Revisão de literatura: As principais vantagens da radiografia digital comparada às radiografias tradicionais são: diminuição da dose de exposição, eliminação do processo químico de revelação/fixação, a possibilidade de manipulação das imagens, a obtenção de novas imagens sem a realização de novas tomadas radiográficas e menor desconforto para o paciente. Objetivos: Este trabalho tem como objetivo, revisar a literatura abordando as vantagens e desvantagens da radiografia digital comparada à radiografia convencional, bem como verificar sua aplicabilidade real na clínica odontológica. Conclusão: O presente trabalho conclui que a radiografia digital possui uma margem de erro menor quando comparada à radiografia convencional, o que leva a diagnósticos fidedignos de situações em região oral e maxilofacial, levando também a um aperfeiçoamento no tratamento...

The first digital radiography came up in 1987. This technology is considered an important achievement, since it allows several advantages on traditional radiography, for example, by reducing the dose of exposure to X-Rays, by increasing the security and the quality of procedure, besides the fact that the cost benefit of digital radiography is better than the conventional one. Literature review: The main advantages of digital radiography when compared to the traditional one are: reduction of exposure dose, elimination of chemical process of revelation/fixation, the possibility of manipulating images and achieving new images without the need of new capture and lower discomfort to the patient. Objectives: The objective of this paper is reviewing the literature, taking into account the advantages and disadvantages of digital radiography when compared to the conventional one, and verifying its applicability in the Dentistry service. Conclusion: The present work concludes that the digital radiography has a lower margin of error than the conventional radiography, what leads to an important diagnosis of oral and maxillofacial region situations, also leading to a an improvement in the treatment...

Advances in equine dental radiology.

Although diagnostic images can be obtained with traditional rare-earth film-screen combinations, digital radiography (DR) has enhanced the ability of the general practitioner to obtain diagnostic radiographs of the equine head. With the widespread availability of DR in equine practices, the practitioner can more readily learn the correct positioning for the various projections of the equine head that are used to evaluate the dentition and sinuses. Digital systems provide rapid processing of the image, enabling the practitioner to correct positioning errors and retake the image without significant delay.

Sistemas digitais na Radiologia Dento-maxilo-facial: uma nova fase na Odontologia / Digital systems in Dentomaxillofacial Radiology: new era in Dentistry

O desenvolvimento de novos sistemas de informática contribuiu sobremaneira para avanços em diversos setores da sociedade e também na Odontologia, principalmente na área da Radiologia. A reduzida exposição à radiação ionizante é uma das grandes vantagens do uso da radiologia digital, assim como uma maior facilidade de armazenamento das imagens e, consequentemente, intensificação da troca de informações entre os grandes centros e profissinais da saúde. O presente trabalho visa apresentar esta nova tecnologia, discutir suas vantangens e desvantagens, assim como fazer uma breve revisão da literatura.

Digital radiographic imaging: is the dental practice ready?

BACKGROUND: Digital radiographic imaging is slowly, but surely, replacing film-based imaging. It has many advantages over traditional imaging, but the technology also has some drawbacks. The author presents an overview of the types of digital image receptors available, image enhancement software and the range of costs for the new technology. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS. The expenses associated with converting to digital radiographic imaging are considerable. The purpose of this article is to provide the clinician with an overview of digital radiographic imaging technology so that he or she can be an informed consumer when evaluating the numerous digital systems in the marketplace.

Muertes traumáticas por accidentes laborales en Sevilla. Estudio epidemiológico y toxicológico / Fatal traumatic accidents at the work-place in Seville. Epidemiological and toxicological study

En este trabajo se realiza un análisis retrospectivo de lasmuertes traumáticas ocurridas por accidente laboral en la provinciade Sevilla durante cuatro años (2004-2007). Durantedicho periodo, de un total de 3632 autopsias forenses, se registraron99 muertes por accidentes laborales traumáticos. Trececasos fueron excluidos ya que el accidente había ocurrido enun lugar fuera de la provincia de Sevilla siendo finalmente 86los casos analizados. Todos los casos eran varones con unaedad media de 41±14 años (rango 16-74 años). Los fallecimientosocurrieron con más frecuencia durante el mes de enero, elmartes y de 8-15 h. La tasa media de accidentes laborales traumáticoscon resultado de muerte durante todo el período hasido de 2.6 por 100.000 trabajadores. Los sectores que registraronun mayor número de siniestros son servicios, donde seincluyen los transportes, seguido por la construcción y laindustria. El mecanismo de muerte más frecuente fue la caídaprecipitación,seguido por el aplastamiento y los accidentes detráfico. Las causas de muerte más habituales fueron los traumatismoscraneoencefálicos y el shock hipovolémico. El análisisquímico-toxicológico realizado en 71 casos (los 15 restanteshabían fallecido después de ingreso hospitalario prolongado)identificó sustancias tóxicas en 26 casos (30%), siendo el etanolel tóxico más consumido en 21/26 casos (aislado en 17/21casos y asociado con cocaína y cannabis en 2 casos cada uno)seguido de cannabis en 4/26 y cocaína en 1/26 casos.Las estrategias de prevención de los accidentes laboralestraumáticos deben hacer hincapié en la importancia de laabstinencia en el consumo de sustancias tóxicas como medidapara disminuir el número de estas dramáticas muertes

This retrospective study analyzes the fatal traumaticaccidents (FTA) at the work-place occurred in the province ofSeville during four years (2004-2007).In this period, 99 cases of FTA were registered from a total of3632 forensic autopsies. Thirteen cases occurred in a workplaceoutside the Seville province and were excluded fromthe study being finally 86 cases analyzed. All victims weremen (mean age 41±14 years, range 16-74). Fatalitiesoccurred preferably in January, Tuesday and between 8-15 h.The mean mortality rate of FTA in the whole period was 2.6per 100.000 workers. The sectors that register the highernumber of fatalities were services, including transportation,followed by construction and industry. The most frequentmanner of death was falling and jumping followed bycompression and traffic accidents. Death was usually due tobrain trauma and massive hemorrhage. Toxicological analysesperformed in 71 cases (the remaining 15 cases died afterprolonged hospital admission) demonstrated toxicologicalcompounds in 26 cases (30%) being ethanol the mostconsumed substance in 21/26 cases (alone in 17/21 casesand associated to cocaine and cannabis in 2 casesrespectively), followed by cannabis alone in 4/26 cases andcocaine alone in 1/26 cases. Prevention strategies of FTAmust be focussed in the importance in abstinence of toxicsconsumption as a way to reduce the number of thesedramatic deaths

Actualización en radiología dental. Radiología convencional Vs digital / Update in dental radiology. Conventional vs digital radiology

Desde su incorporación a la práctica odontológica la radiología digital ha experimentado un importante desarrollo. El continuo avance de las tecnologías en las que se sustenta ha dotado a estos sistemas de interesantes prestaciones que pueden facilitar el diagnóstico y manejo de imágenes radiográficas. Con estos avances la radiología digital ha despertado un interés creciente entre los profesionales de la odontología, especialmente durante los últimos años, en los que ha aumentado notoriamente tanto la cantidad de sistemas comercializados como el número de odontólogos que han decidido sustituir la radiología convencional por un sistema digital en sus clínicas. En esta revisión de la literatura se tratará de ofrecer una visión actualizada de los distintos sistemas disponibles en la actualidad, así como una comparativa entre ellos basada en estudios publicados recientemente (AU)

Since its appearance in dentistry, digital radiology has experienced a notorious development. A constant advance in the corresponding technologies has enhanced these digital systems with interesting features which may facilitate radiological diagnosis and image management. Due to these advances digital radiology has elicited a growing interest in dentistry. Specially during the last years there has been an increase both in the amount of available systems and in the number of dentists who have incorporated a digital system in their offices. This literature review aims to offer an updated view of the available systems and a comparison of them based in recent studies (AU)

Equipos de alta tecnología en imagen digital y su apliación en la odontología / High tech equipment in digital imaging and its application in dentistry

En la actualidad, cada vez se vislumbra más la creciente importancia que van adquiriendo los equipos de alta tecnología en todos los ámbitos de la vida cotidiana, incluso en el área de la salud bucal. Estos equipos manipulan la información de forma digital, es decir, la almacenan mediante impulsos eléctricos basados en un sistema binario, lo cual hace posible que la información sea interpretada sin ninguna posibilidad de error. En los últimos años ha habido un gran incremento en el uso de equipos tecnológicos, tales como computadores, cámara fotográficas digitales, videocámaras digitales, cámaras interaorales, equipos de radiología digital y escáners en el consultorio odontológico. En el campo de la investigación en odontología, es posible intercambiar opiniones entre profesionales sobre un caso particular y aprender o dar a conocer nuevas técnicas odontológicas. En el servicio odontológico, el uso de las imágenes digitales que se generan con la aplicación de estos dispositivos eleoctrónicos, facilita el diagnóstico y mejora la relación odontólogo-paciente