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1.
Viruses ; 13(4)2021 03 31.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33807245

ABSTRACT

Jumbo phages have DNA genomes larger than 200 kbp in large virions composed of an icosahedral head, tail, and other adsorption structures, and they are known to be abundant biological substances in nature. In this study, phages in leaf litter compost were screened for their potential to suppress rice seedling rot disease caused by the bacterium Burkholderia glumae, and a novel phage was identified in a filtrate-enriched suspension of leaf litter compost. The phage particles consisted of a rigid tailed icosahedral head and contained a DNA genome of 227,105 bp. The phage could lyse five strains of B. glumae and six strains of Burkholderia plantarii. The phage was named jumbo Burkholderia phage FLC6. Proteomic tree analysis revealed that phage FLC6 belongs to the same clade as two jumbo Ralstonia phages, namely RSF1 and RSL2, which are members of the genus Chiangmaivirus (family: Myoviridae; order: Caudovirales). Interestingly, FLC6 could also lyse two strains of Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum, the causal agent of bacterial wilt, suggesting that FLC6 has a broad host range that may make it especially advantageous as a bio-control agent for several bacterial diseases in economically important crops. The novel jumbo phage FLC6 may enable leaf litter compost to suppress several bacterial diseases and may itself be useful for controlling plant diseases in crop cultivation.


Subject(s)
Bacteriophages/genetics , Bacteriophages/isolation & purification , Biological Control Agents/isolation & purification , Burkholderia/virology , Composting , Plant Leaves/virology , Seedlings/microbiology , Bacteriophages/chemistry , Biological Control Agents/pharmacology , Burkholderia/pathogenicity , Genome, Viral/genetics , Host Specificity , Oryza/microbiology , Phage Therapy , Plant Diseases/therapy , Plant Leaves/microbiology , Proteomics , Ralstonia/pathogenicity , Ralstonia/virology
2.
Arch Virol ; 163(12): 3275-3290, 2018 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30187144

ABSTRACT

Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia spp., soil-borne Gram-negative bacteria, is considered one of the most important plant diseases in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. A large number of bacteriophages capable of lysing or physiologically reprogramming cells of Ralstonia spp. have been reported in Asia. Despite the potential use of these organisms in the management of bacterial wilt, information on viruses that infect Ralstonia spp. is nonexistent in the Americas. We isolated a virus that infects Ralstonia spp. from a soil sample in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Microscopy and genomic and phylogenetic analysis allowed us to classify the virus as a member of the family Podoviridae, genus Phikmvvirus. In spite of its relationship to Ralstonia virus RSB3, an Asian isolate, genomic and biological characteristics showed that the virus isolated in Brazil, tentatively named "Ralstonia virus phiAP1" (phiAP1), belongs to a new species. phiAP1 has EPS depolymerase activity and contains two putative virion-associated peptidoglycan hydrolases (VAPGHs), which reveals a robust mechanism of pathogenesis. Furthermore, phiAP1 specifically infects Ralstonia solanacearum, R. pseudosolanacearum and R. syzygii, causing cell lysis, but it was not able to infect thirteen other bacteria that were tested. Together, these characteristics highlight the biotechnological potential of this virus for the management of bacterial wilt.


Subject(s)
Bacteriophages/genetics , Podoviridae/genetics , Podoviridae/isolation & purification , Ralstonia/virology , Amino Acid Sequence , Bacteriophages/classification , Bacteriophages/isolation & purification , Bacteriophages/physiology , Genome, Viral , Genomics , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , Plant Diseases/microbiology , Podoviridae/classification , Podoviridae/physiology , Ralstonia/classification , Ralstonia/genetics , Sequence Alignment , Viral Proteins/chemistry , Viral Proteins/genetics
3.
J Virol ; 86(11): 6369-70, 2012 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22570243

ABSTRACT

The complete genome sequence of the giant Pseudomonas phage Lu11 was determined, comparing 454 and Sanger sequencing. The double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genome is 280,538 bp long and encodes 391 open reading frames (ORFs) and no tRNAs. The closest relative is Ralstonia phage ϕRSL1, encoding 40 similar proteins. As such, Lu11 can be considered phylogenetically unique within the Myoviridae and indicates the diversity of the giant phages within this family.


Subject(s)
DNA, Viral/genetics , Genome, Viral , Myoviridae/genetics , Pseudomonas Phages/genetics , Pseudomonas putida/virology , Sequence Analysis, DNA , DNA, Viral/chemistry , Molecular Sequence Data , Myoviridae/isolation & purification , Open Reading Frames , Phylogeny , Pseudomonas Phages/isolation & purification , Ralstonia/virology , Sequence Homology , Synteny
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