ABSTRACT
Characterized by aggressive or violent behaviors, reactive attachment disorder (RAD) affects children who have been repeatedly exposed to traumatic experiences. This article discusses the underlying causes of RAD and provides insight on therapies and interventions.
Subject(s)
Reactive Attachment Disorder/nursing , Child Development , Child, Foster/psychology , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Reactive Attachment Disorder/etiology , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Comorbidity with a borderline personality disorder is far from rare in patients suffering from eating disorders. Clinically, this presents as chronic instability in many areas: interpersonal relationships, self-image, emotions, mood and acting out. Treatment is mainly based on a containing and reassuring therapeutic framework. A care plan may be put in place that incorporates reducing impulsive harmful, eating and self-harming behaviours. Dialectical behaviour therapy is intended in particular to prevent suicide risk in borderline personality disorder patients.
Subject(s)
Anorexia Nervosa/nursing , Anorexia Nervosa/psychology , Borderline Personality Disorder/nursing , Borderline Personality Disorder/psychology , Object Attachment , Reactive Attachment Disorder/nursing , Reactive Attachment Disorder/psychology , Acting Out , Anorexia Nervosa/diagnosis , Anorexia Nervosa/epidemiology , Behavior, Addictive/diagnosis , Behavior, Addictive/epidemiology , Behavior, Addictive/nursing , Behavior, Addictive/psychology , Borderline Personality Disorder/diagnosis , Borderline Personality Disorder/epidemiology , Bulimia/diagnosis , Bulimia/epidemiology , Bulimia/nursing , Bulimia/psychology , Combined Modality Therapy/nursing , Comorbidity , Female , Hospitalization , Humans , Male , Milieu Therapy , Nurse-Patient Relations , Prognosis , Reactive Attachment Disorder/diagnosis , Reactive Attachment Disorder/epidemiology , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Approximately 4.2% of pregnant women consume illicit drugs during pregnancy (AIHW, 2011). Drug exposed infants are more likely to be born small for gestational age, be pre-term, and be admitted to special care or intensive care nurseries (AIHW, 2007).
Subject(s)
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome/complications , Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome/nursing , Reactive Attachment Disorder/etiology , Reactive Attachment Disorder/nursing , Adult , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, NewbornSubject(s)
Family Health , Mental Health , Parenting , Psychiatric Nursing , Reactive Attachment Disorder/nursing , Adolescent , Adult , Alberta , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , MaleSubject(s)
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/nursing , Adolescent , Adult , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/therapy , Child , Child, Preschool , Chronic Disease , Female , Germany , Humans , Infant , Male , Nursing Diagnosis , Nursing Theory , Object Attachment , Reactive Attachment Disorder/diagnosis , Reactive Attachment Disorder/nursing , Reactive Attachment Disorder/psychology , Reactive Attachment Disorder/therapy , Young AdultABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Oxytocin is a promising biomarker for psychiatric conditions arising from early relational trauma, childhood maltreatment, and attachment dysregulation, including posttraumatic stress and dissociative disorders. OBJECTIVE: This exploratory pilot study examined plasma oxytocin as a biomarker for alterations in the attachment system. DESIGN: We used a single group, repeated-measures design with 15 women. The protocol used a film clip previously validated as a provocation to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. RESULTS: The repeated-measures ANOVA showed differences in oxytocin across the three time points. Correlations with oxytocin indicated that measures of dissociation and somatization correlated most strongly with higher levels of oxytocin measured during exposure to the film's bonding scene and posttraumatic stress disorder correlated most strongly with lower levels at the film's abandonment scene. Post hoc analyses revealed differences in oxytocin response related to psychopathology. CONCLUSION: Replication studies should characterize participants on a range of psychiatric conditions associated with attachment dysregulation.
Subject(s)
Oxytocin/blood , Reactive Attachment Disorder/blood , Reactive Attachment Disorder/nursing , Stress, Psychological/blood , Stress, Psychological/nursing , Adolescent , Adult , Arousal/physiology , Biomarkers/blood , Dissociative Disorders/blood , Dissociative Disorders/nursing , Dissociative Disorders/psychology , Female , Humans , Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/physiopathology , Object Attachment , Pilot Projects , Pituitary-Adrenal System/physiopathology , Reference Values , Somatoform Disorders/blood , Somatoform Disorders/nursing , Somatoform Disorders/psychology , Statistics as Topic , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/blood , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/nursing , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/psychology , Stress, Psychological/complications , Stress, Psychological/psychology , Students/psychology , Young AdultSubject(s)
Mental Disorders/nursing , Nurse-Patient Relations , Reactive Attachment Disorder/nursing , Commitment of Mentally Ill , Cooperative Behavior , Defense Mechanisms , Female , Humans , Interdisciplinary Communication , Mental Disorders/psychology , Nursing, Team , Reactive Attachment Disorder/psychology , Young AdultABSTRACT
Parental alienation syndrome (PAS) can occur during a tumultuous divorce between embattled parents involved in a bitter child custody dispute. During parental warfare, a child is used as a weapon by one parent (alienating parent) against the other parent (alienated/targeted parent). The targeted parent-child relationship once encased with unconditional love is transformed by an unrelenting campaign of denigration, criticism, and hatred. Since nursing literature on PAS is almost nonexistent, the purpose of this article is to increase nursing awareness and provide basic information. Awareness of PAS symptoms and interpersonal dynamics is important to prompt nurses in recommending treatment for families. Nurses should collaboratively join other professionals in their quest to provide the best treatment possible.
Subject(s)
Child Custody , Divorce/psychology , Parent-Child Relations , Reactive Attachment Disorder/nursing , Rejection, Psychology , Social Alienation/psychology , Adolescent , Child , Child Abuse/psychology , Child, Preschool , Diagnosis, Differential , Education , Family Therapy , Female , Humans , Male , Nurse's Role , Object Attachment , Psychiatric Nursing , Reactive Attachment Disorder/diagnosis , Reactive Attachment Disorder/psychology , Self-Help GroupsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were (1) to evaluate the prevalence of relational withdrawal behaviour in infants aged 14-18 months attending a public health centre in Paris, (2) to check some identified risk factors for relational withdrawal behaviour in this population. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in infants aged 14-18 months attending a child health screening centre during the year 2005. RESULTS: A total of 640 children were included in the study. Thirteen percent of the 640 infants (n=83, 95% CI [10.4%; 15.6%]) had an ADBB score at 5 and over 5 on the ADBB. There was a clear relationship between withdrawal behavior and having psychological difficulties as reported by parents, and between withdrawal and developmental delay. Withdrawal was also significantly associated with being a boy, with living in risk conditions (e.g. child being in joint custody, or with living in a foster family), with being adopted, or with being a twin. More withdrawn infants were taken care of at home. CONCLUSION: Sustained relational withdrawal behaviour was linked with developmental disorders and psychopathology and not with SES, ethnical origin or rank of birth. The scale could be used in screening early psychopathology in infants aged 2-24 months of age.
