ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Present in several types of food, bioactive amines are described as organic bases of low molecular weight, which constitute a potential health risk. An awareness of amine levels in foods today is therefore important in relation to food safety and patient care. This review aims to emphasise the need to unify the information on the content of biogenic amines in foods and prevent patients' misunderstanding. METHODS: Selective literature search for relevant publications in PubMed and other scientific data bases combined with further data from the World Wide Web on histamine and other amines content in foods. RESULTS: Available reference sources do not reflect a homogeneous consensus, and the variation between foods makes it impossible for dieticians to accurately estimate amines content to correctly advise patients. CONCLUSIONS: To achieve the goal of collecting reliable information, all methods and tools used in analytical studies should be standardised and information exposed to patients should be verified
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Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Receptors, Histamine/analysis , Histamine/analysis , Mast Cells , Mast Cells/immunology , Mast Cells/pathology , Receptors, Biogenic Amine/administration & dosage , Receptors, Biogenic Amine , Receptors, Biogenic Amine/isolation & purification , Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing)/therapeutic use , Molecular Weight , Mastocytosis/complications , Mastocytosis/immunologyABSTRACT
In the male moth Agrotis ipsilon behavioural response and antennal lobe (AL) neuron sensitivity to the female-produced sex pheromone increase with age and juvenile hormone (JH) level. We recently showed that the neuromodulator, octopamine (OA), interacts with JH in this age-dependent olfactory plasticity. To further elucidate its role, we cloned a full cDNA encoding a protein that presents biochemical features essential to OA/tyramine receptor (AipsOAR/TAR) function. The AipsOAR/TAR transcript was detected predominantly in the antennae, the brain and, more specifically, in ALs where its expression level varied concomitantly with age. This expression plasticity indicates that AipsOAR/TAR might be involved in central processing of the pheromone signal during maturation of sexual behaviour in A. ipsilon.
